Correction: Gubič et al. Design of New Potent and Selective Thiophene-Based K1.3 Inhibitors and Their Potential for Anticancer Activity. 2022, , 2595.

In the original publication [...

Estimating the optimal efflux inhibitor concentration of carvacrol as a function of the bacterial physiological state.

Our aim was to find the optimal efflux inhibitor concentration of a natural component, carvacrol, as a function of the physiological state of . Using fluorescence-based measurements with two strains of , the effect of carvacrol was assessed at 17 sub-inhibitory concentrations, at which the bacterial efflux mechanism was compromised. The efficacy of carvacrol, as an efflux inhibitor, was compared to synthetic inhibitors and we found carvacrol the most efficient one.

Discovery and Hit-to-Lead Optimization of Benzothiazole Scaffold-Based DNA Gyrase Inhibitors with Potent Activity against and .

We have developed compounds with a promising activity against and , which are both on the WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Starting from DNA gyrase inhibitor , we identified compound , featuring a 10-fold improved aqueous solubility, a 10-fold improved inhibition of topoisomerase IV from and , a 10-fold decreased inhibition of human topoisomerase IIα, and no cross-resistance to novobiocin. Cocrystal structures of in complex with GyrB24 and ()- in complex with GyrB23 and GyrB24 revealed their binding to the ATP-binding pocket of the GyrB subunit.

Biomass-Derived Plant Extracts in Macromolecular Chitosan Matrices as a Green Coating for PLA Films.

Due to the growing problem of food and packaging waste, environmental awareness, and customer requirements for food safety, there is a great need for the development of innovative and functional packaging. Among these developments, the concept of active packaging is at the forefront. The shortcoming in this area is that there is still a lack of multifunctional concepts, as well as green approaches.

Biofilm Control with Lavandin Essential Oils and By-Products.

The food industry is constantly struggling with one of the most prevalent biofilm-forming and food-borne pathogenic bacteria, . Different approaches are used to control biofilms in the food production chain, but none is fully effective. In this study, we aim to produce and determine the chemical profile of essential oils (EOs), ethanolic extracts of flowers prior to distillation (EFs), and ethanolic extracts of post-distillation waste material (EWMs) from 'Bila', 'Budrovka' St Nicholas and 'Budrovka', which were further used to reduce intercellular signaling, adhesion, and biofilm formation, as well as to test their antioxidant activity.

Design of New Potent and Selective Thiophene-Based K1.3 Inhibitors and Their Potential for Anticancer Activity.

The voltage-gated potassium channel K1.3 has been recognized as a tumor marker and represents a promising new target for the discovery of new anticancer drugs. We designed a novel structural class of K1.

Elucidation of the AI-2 communication system in the food-borne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni by whole-cell-based biosensor quantification.

The food-borne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni produces autoinducer-2 (AI-2) as an interspecies signalling molecule. AI-2 can trigger enhanced colonisation and biofilm formation, and this poses a serious risk to public health. To date, this communication system of C.

Determining optimum carvacrol treatment as a cardinal value of a secondary model.

Predictive microbiology methods were used to study the effect of carvacrol on the bacterial resistance to antimicrobials. Our objective was to estimate the optimum dose of carvacrol at concentrations below its MIC value (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration). As a fluorescent marker, ethidium bromide (EtBr) was applied to Escherichia coli to acquire raw data.

Practical Synthesis and Application of Halogen-Doped Pyrrole Building Blocks.

A practical access to four new halogen-substituted pyrrole building blocks was realized in two to five synthetic steps from commercially available starting materials. The target compounds were prepared on a 50 mg to 1 g scale, and their conversion to nanomolar inhibitors of bacterial DNA gyrase B was demonstrated for three of the prepared building blocks to showcase the usefulness of such chemical motifs in medicinal chemistry.

3D Pharmacophore-Based Discovery of Novel K10.1 Inhibitors with Antiproliferative Activity.

(1) Background: The voltage-gated potassium channel K10.1 (Eag1) is considered a near- universal tumour marker and represents a promising new target for the discovery of novel anticancer drugs. (2) Methods: We utilized the ligand-based drug discovery methodology using 3D pharmacophore modelling and medicinal chemistry approaches to prepare a novel structural class of K10.

Adhesion of Is Increased in Association with Foodborne Bacteria.

The aim of this study was to evaluate NTCT 11168 adhesion to abiotic and biotic surfaces when grown in co-culture with ATCC 11229 and/or 4b. Adhesion of C. jejuni to polystyrene and to Caco-2 cells and castellanii was lower for at least 3 log CFU/mL compared to E.

Effect of Lactobacillus spp. on adhesion, invasion, and translocation of Campylobacter jejuni in chicken and pig small-intestinal epithelial cell lines.

Background: Campylobacter spp. are a major cause of bacterial food-borne diarrhoeal disease. This mainly arises through contamination of meat products during processing.

The Anti- Activity and Mechanisms of Pinocembrin Action.

We investigated the anti- activity of pinocembrin and its mechanism of action, as well as responses to pinocembrin treatment at the genetic and phenotypic levels, using NCTC 11168 and a multidrug efflux system repressor mutant (11168). At its minimal inhibitory concentration, pinocembrin significantly increased cell membrane permeability of . Interestingly, at sub-inhibitory concentrations, pinocembrin did not significantly alter membrane functionality and it increased bacterial fitness.

Aerobic Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols with Nitric Acid and Iron(III) Chloride as Catalysts in Fluorinated Alcohol.

Fluorinated alcohols as solvents strongly influence and direct chemical reaction through donation of strong hydrogen bonds while being weak acceptors. We used 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) as the activating solvent for a nitric acid and FeCl-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones. Reaction proceeded selectively with excellent yields with no reaction on the primary alcohol group.

Proteotyping as alternate typing method to differentiate Campylobacter coli clades.

Besides Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli is the most common bacterial cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. C. coli is subdivided into three clades, which are associated with sample source.

Stimuli-responsive thiol-epoxy networks with photo-switchable bulk and surface properties.

In the present work, the versatile nature of -nitrobenzyl chemistry is used to alter bulk and surface properties of thiol-epoxy networks. By introducing an irreversibly photocleavable chromophore into the click network, material properties such as wettability, solubility and crosslink density are switched locally by light of a defined wavelength. The synthesis of photo-responsive thiol-epoxy networks follows a photobase-catalyzed nucleophilic ring opening of epoxy monomers with photolabile -nitrobenzyl ester (-NBE) groups across multi-functional thiols.

Quality characteristics of wheat flour dough and bread containing grape pomace flour.

Wheat bread was enriched with 6%, 10% and 15% dried and milled grape pomace flour from two grape cultivars: 'Merlot' and 'Zelen'. Rheological, textural, sensory and antioxidant properties of the enriched dough and bread were evaluated, and compared to control samples. Grape cultivar had significant impact on the rheological characteristics of the dough, and on the sensory and antioxidant properties of the final bread.

Genetic, Biochemical, Nutritional and Antimicrobial Characteristics of Pomegranate ( L.) Grown in Istria.

This study characterises the genetic variability of local pomegranate ( L.) germplasm from the Slovenian and Croatian areas of Istria. The bioactive components and antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of ethanol and water extracts of different parts of pomegranate fruit were also determined, along with their preliminary nutritional characterisation.

Antibiotic resistance, virulence factors and biofilm formation ability in Escherichia coli strains isolated from chicken meat and wildlife in the Czech Republic.

Attachment of pathogenic bacteria to food contact surfaces and the subsequent biofilm formation represent a serious threat for the food industry, since these bacteria are more resistant to antimicrobials or possess more virulence factors. The main aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between antibiotic resistance against 13 antibiotics, distribution of 10 virulence factors and biofilm formation in 105 Escherichia coli strains according to their origin. The high prevalence of antibiotic resistance that we have found in wildlife isolates could be acquired by horizontal transfer of resistance genes from human or domestic or farm animals.

Nutritional, antioxidative, and antimicrobial analysis of the Mediterranean hackberry ( L.).

is a deciduous tree commonly known as Mediterranean hackberry or the European nettle tree. The fruit of hackberry are seldom used for nutritional purposes. The nutritional and physicochemical properties of ripe hackberry fruit from Istria (Marasi village near Vrsar, Croatia) were determined, including water, total fiber, protein, vitamin, mineral, and phenolic contents.

Effects of natural antimicrobials on bacterial cell hydrophobicity, adhesion, and zeta potential.

Interactions between bacterial cells and contact materials play an important role in food safety and technology. As bacterial strains become ever more resistant to antibiotics, the aim of this study was to analyse adhesion of selected foodborne bacterial strains on polystyrene surface and to evaluate the effects of natural antimicrobials on bacterial cell hydrophobicity, adhesion, and zeta potential as strategies of adhesion prevention. The results showed strain-specific adhesion rate on polystyrene.

Alpinia katsumadai Extracts Inhibit Adhesion and Invasion of Campylobacter jejuni in Animal and Human Foetal Small Intestine Cell Lines.

Alpinia katsumadai is used in traditional Chinese medicine for abdominal distention, pain, and diarrhoea. Campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of bacterial food-borne diarrhoeal illnesses worldwide. Adhesion to gut epithelium is a prerequisite in its pathogenesis.

Virulence genes and cytokine profile in systemic murine Campylobacter coli infection.

Campylobacter coli are one of the most common bacteria in bacterial gastroenteritis and acute enterocolitis in humans. However, relatively little is known regarding the mechanisms of pathogenesis and host response to C. coli infections.