Use of Tobacco Products, Alcohol, and Other Substances Among High School Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic - Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey, United States, January-June 2021.

The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with established risk factors for adolescent substance use, including social isolation, boredom, grief, trauma, and stress. However, little is known about adolescent substance use patterns during the pandemic. CDC analyzed data from the Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey, an online survey of a probability-based, nationally representative sample of public- and private-school students in grades 9-12 (N = 7,705), to examine the prevalence of current use of tobacco products, alcohol, and other substances among U.

Perceived Racism and Demographic, Mental Health, and Behavioral Characteristics Among High School Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic - Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey, United States, January-June 2021.

Perceived racism in school (i.e., a student's report of being treated badly or unfairly because of their race or ethnicity) is an important yet understudied determinant of adolescent health and well-being.

Changes to the sample design and weighting methods of a public health surveillance system to also include persons not receiving HIV medical care.

Objectives: The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is a public health surveillance system that provides representative estimates of the experiences and behaviors of adults with diagnosed HIV in the United States. In 2015, the sample design and frame of MMP changed from a system that only included HIV patients to one that captures the experiences of persons receiving and not receiving HIV care. We describe methods investigated for calculating survey weights, the approach chosen, and the benefits of using a dynamic surveillance registry as a sampling frame.

Estimated SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in the US as of September 2020.

Importance: Case-based surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection likely underestimates the true prevalence of infections. Large-scale seroprevalence surveys can better estimate infection across many geographic regions.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of persons with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using residual sera from commercial laboratories across the US and assess changes over time.

Weighting Nonprobability and Probability Sample Surveys in Describing Cancer Catchment Areas.

Background: The Population Health Assessment initiative by NCI sought to enhance cancer centers' capacity to acquire, aggregate, and integrate data from multiple sources, as well as to plan, coordinate, and enhance catchment area analysis activities.

Methods: Key objectives of this initiative are pooling data and comparing local data with national data. A novel aspect of analyzing data from this initiative is the methodology used to weight datasets from sites that collected both probability and nonprobability samples.

Survival Analysis of Occipital Nerve Stimulator Leads Placed under Fluoroscopic Guidance with and without Ultrasonography.

Background: Electrical stimulation of the greater occipital nerves is performed to treat pain secondary to chronic daily headaches and occipital neuralgia. The use of fluoroscopy alone to guide the surgical placement of electrodes near the greater occipital nerves disregards the impact of tissue planes on lead stability and stimulation efficacy.

Objective: We hypothesized that occipital neurostimulator (ONS) leads placed with ultrasonography combined with fluoroscopy would demonstrate increased survival rates and times when compared to ONS leads placed with fluoroscopy alone.

Perioperative Ketamine Administration for Thoracotomy Pain.

Background: Of all the postsurgical pain conditions, thoracotomy pain poses a particular therapeutic challenge in terms of its prevalence, severity, and ensuing postoperative morbidity. Multiple pain generators contribute to the severity of post-thoracotomy pain, and therefore a multimodal analgesic therapy is considered to be a necessary strategy. Along with opioids, thoracic epidural analgesia, and paravertebral blocks, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists such as ketamine have been used as adjuvants to improve analgesia.

Twitter-Augmented Journal Club: Educational Engagement and Experience So Far.

Social media is a nascent medical educational technology. The benefits of Twitter include (1) easy adoption; (2) access to experts, peers, and patients across the globe; (3) 24/7 connectivity; (4) creation of virtual, education-based communities using hashtags; and (5) crowdsourcing information using retweets. We report on a novel Twitter-augmented journal club for anesthesia residents: its design, implementation, and impact.

Saccharomyces boulardii does not prevent relapse of Crohn's disease.

Background & Aims: Saccharomyces boulardii is a probiotic yeast that has been shown to have beneficial effects on the intestinal epithelial barrier and digestive immune system. There is preliminary evidence that S boulardii could be used to treat patients with Crohn's disease (CD). We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effects of S boulardii in patients with CD who underwent remission during therapy with steroids or aminosalicylates.

Randomised, controlled trial of avocado-soybean unsaponifiable (Piascledine) effect on structure modification in hip osteoarthritis: the ERADIAS study.

Objective: To assess the ability of avocado-soybean unsaponifiable-Expanscience (ASU-E) to slow radiographic progression in symptomatic hip osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Prospective, randomised, double blind, parallel group, placebo controlled 3 year trial. Patients with symptomatic (painful ≥1 year, Lequesne Index between 3 and 10) hip OA (American College of Rheumatology criteria) and a minimum joint space width (JSW) of the target hip between 1 and 4 mm on a pelvic radiograph were randomly assigned to 300 mg/day ASU-E or placebo.

Treatment of neuropathic pain with 5% lidocaine-medicated plaster: Five years of clinical experience.

Background: Neuropathic pain is often severe and adversely affects patients' quality of life.

Objective: To perform a retrospective, observational study investigating the efficacy and safety of treating refractory chronic neuropathic pain with 5% lidocaine-medicated plaster, in patients attending pain centres.

Methods: Medical records from 467 patients treated with 5% lidocaine-medicated plaster were evaluated for efficacy (maximum and minimum pain intensities and coanalgesic consumption) and adverse events.

Hidradenitis suppurativa: the role of deficient cutaneous innate immunity.

Objective: To evaluate the expression of innate immunity markers at the site of nodules caused by hidradenitis suppurativa (HS).

Design: Prospective analysis of 12 patients with HS.

Setting: Unité de Cancéro-Dermatologie, Nantes Hospital, Nantes; Service de Dermatologie, Poitiers Hospital, Poitiers; and Service de Dermatologie, Clinique de Courlancy, Reims, France

Patients: Twelve patients (Hurley stage I or II) in whom the disease had progressed for at least 6 months and who had a minimum of 2 closed nodules in typical sites.

Electronic and paper versions of a faces pain intensity scale: concordance and preference in hospitalized children.

Background: Assessment of pain in children is an important aspect of pain management and can be performed by observational methods or by self-assessment. The Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R) is a self-report tool which has strong positive correlations with other well established self-report pain intensity measures. It has been recommended for measuring pain intensity in school-aged children (4 years and older).

Cysteamine therapy delays the progression of nephropathic cystinosis in late adolescents and adults.

Nephropathic cystinosis is a multisystem autosomal recessive disease caused by cystine accumulation, which is usually treated by oral cysteamine. In order to determine long-term effects of this therapy, we enrolled 86 adult patients (mean age 26.7 years) diagnosed with nephropathic cystinosis, 75 of whom received cysteamine.

Acne as seen by adolescents: results of questionnaire study in 852 French individuals.

Acne can have an important psychological impact. We surveyed 852 adolescents aged 12-25 years about their knowledge of acne and its treatment in a non-medical context. The study involved a questionnaire administered to callers to a youth telephone helpline in France.

Development of an individual score for melanoma risk.

Melanoma is one of the fastest growing cancers worldwide. We need to have tools to identify patients with high risk of melanoma. We carried out a case-control study and tested three methods to develop an individual score of melanoma risk, usable in routine practice.

Neuropeptide Y-like signalling and nutritionally mediated gene expression and behaviour in the honey bee.

Previous research has led to the idea that derived traits can arise through the evolution of novel roles for conserved genes. We explored whether neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like signalling, a conserved pathway that regulates food-related behaviour, is involved in a derived, nutritionally-related trait, the division of labour in worker honey bees. Transcripts encoding two NPY-like peptides were expressed in separate populations of brain neurosecretory cells, consistent with endocrine functions.

Ecological or recalled assessments in chronic musculoskeletal pain? A comparative study of prospective and recalled pain assessments in low back pain and lower limb painful osteoarthritis.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare ecological and recalled pain intensity assessments over 29 days in hip and knee osteoarthritis (O) and chronic low back pain (L).

Patients And Methods: Rheumatologists were asked to enroll patients with O and L, with pain intensity above 40 mm, in a prospective study for 29 days. Pain intensity was assessed with physicians on Days 1 and 29, and ecologically, over the intervening 28-day period, by random phone calls.

Comparison of daily, weekly or monthly pain assessments in hip and knee osteoarthritis. A 29-day prospective study.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of daily and recalled pain measurements in hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: A prospective study investigating pain intensity over 29 days in patients with painful OA. Pain was assessed on days 1 and 29 during visits.

Bacterial resistance in French acne patients.

Background: The percentage of strains of Propionibacterium acnes resistant to antibiotics in acne is increasing in many countries, raising the question of the risks associated with bacterial resistance. Numerous series of cases have been published on European populations of acne patients, but at the moment we still have very few data regarding France.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of P.

Development and evaluation of a Global Acne Severity Scale (GEA Scale) suitable for France and Europe.

Background And Objective: Many acne grading methods exist; however, there is no agreed-upon standard. Our objective was to create and validate a reproducible acne assessment scale for rating the severity of juvenile facial acne suitable for use in France and Europe.

Methods: The scale we created described the different types of acne lesions in a manner similar to global assessment scales used in clinical trials.

Localized scleroderma and zinc: a pilot study.

Esthetic or functional repercussions in localized scleroderma may be considerable. Numerous treatments have been proposed with limited effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of high-dose zinc gluconate in the treatment of morphea.