[Primary Salmonella vascular graft infection and conservative treatment].

The authors report an unusual case of prosthetic vascular graft infection due to Salmonellatyphimurium. The initial treatment combined antibiotherapy and surgical replacement of the arteriovenous graft. The infection relapsed within 6 weeks and was successfully treated with antibiotics only.

ABCB1 allele polymorphism is associated with virological efficacy in naïve HIV-infected patients on HAART containing nonboosted PIs but not boosted PIs.

Objective: To assess the effect of the multidrug resistance-1 single nucleotide polymorphism (ABCB1 SNP) C3435T in exon 26 on the virological responses to first-line protease inhibitor (PI)-containing HAART regimens.

Method: A cohort of 182 HIV-infected patients with a PI-containing HAART regimen initiated from 1997 to 2004 was enrolled. Time to the first indetectable viral load (VL) was determined in patients with the CC, CT, or TT genotype.

Safety of prolonged high-dose levofloxacin therapy for bone infections.

The records of 84 patients with bone infections treated with high-dose levofloxacin (i.e. 0.

Presence of HIV-1 Nef specific CD4 T cell response is associated with non-progression in HIV-1 infection.

The ex vivo response to three HLA-DR-restricted Nef peptides (Nef 66-97, Nef 133-159, Nef 180-202) and one HLA-DQ-restricted Nef peptide (Nef 56-68) was evaluated in 28 HIV-seropositive patients and 6 Long-term Non-Progressors (LTNPs). Analyzing specific proliferative response and IFN-gamma secretion, patients were identified as high responders, medium responders and non-responders to peptides. As high responder patients, LTNP patients showed strong proliferative response to all the Nef-peptides as strong IFN-gamma secretion.

Incidence of and risk factors for severe liver toxicity in HIV-infected patients on anti-tuberculosis treatment.

Objective: To assess the incidence and risk factors for severe liver toxicity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients on anti-tuberculosis treatment and the impact of patients' characteristics and concomitant medications instituted during the first week of antituberculosis treatment.

Methods: HIV-infected patients referred to six French hospitals between 1 January 1992 and 31 December 2004, with confirmed or 'presumptive' tuberculosis (TB). Liver toxicity was studied during the first 2 months of TB treatment.

Effectiveness of childhood vaccination against rotavirus in sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Nigeria.

Rotavirus diarrhoea is associated with high childhood mortality in developing countries. A new vaccine was recently licensed in Mexico. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of routine childhood vaccination by this new vaccine in a developing country.

Effectiveness and tolerability of prolonged linezolid treatment for chronic osteomyelitis: a retrospective study.

Background: Linezolid is an oxazolidinone agent which is apparently well designed for treating chronic osteomyelitis, but data on effectiveness and tolerability as prolonged therapy is currently lacking.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of linezolid in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.

Methods: The charts of hospitalized patients who had been treated with linezolid for >4 weeks because of chronic osteomyelitis and were followed up for > or =12 months after the end of treatment were retrospectively reviewed for clinical outcome and tolerability.

Treatment of bone and joint infections caused by Gram-negative bacilli with a cefepime-fluoroquinolone combination.

A 3-year retrospective study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of cefepime plus a fluoroquinolone for treating bone and joint infections caused by Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) in 28 patients. Intra-operative cultures yielded primarily Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacter cloacae.

Improved aero-anaerobe recovery from infected prosthetic joint samples taken from 72 patients and collected intraoperatively in Rosenow's broth.

Introduction: Recovery of the bacteria responsible for prosthetic joint infections is a major problem, which is due in part to the alteration of their ability to grow by storage during transportation to the laboratory.

Methods: In this prospective study, we assessed the benefit of inoculating an enriched liquid medium (Rosenow's broth) with intraoperative samples from 72 patients with prosthetic joint revision due to infection. We compared the results of culture of specimens collected in a standard receptacle with the results for specimens collected in Rosenow's broth.

Incidence rate and risk factors for loss to follow-up in a French clinical cohort of HIV-infected patients from January 1985 to January 1998.

Objectives: To determine the incidence rate and risk factors for loss to follow-up (LFU) in HIV-infected individuals.

Methods: We estimated the incidence rate of LFU in 1756 HIV-infected patients enrolled in the Tourcoing Clinical Cohort from January 1985 to January 1998. We then investigated potential LFU risk factors at inclusion through a case-control study.

[Mitochondrial cytopathies associated with HIV infection].

The tremendous progress achieved during the last few years with the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy in suppressing HIV replication together with improvements in immunity have been tempered by a growing number of new adverse effects. Mitochondrial toxicity is one aspect of these long-term toxicities of antiretroviral drugs, with the role of nucleoside analogs particularly underlined. Some cases of impaired mitochondrial function have been clearly identified, such as pancreatitis due to didanosine, neuropathy due to zalcitabine, myopathy due to zidovudine, and lactic acidosis due to stavudine.

Culture of percutaneous bone biopsy specimens for diagnosis of diabetic foot osteomyelitis: concordance with ulcer swab cultures.

Background: We assessed the diagnostic value of swab cultures by comparing them with corresponding cultures of percutaneous bone biopsy specimens for patients with diabetic foot osteomyelitis.

Methods: The medical charts of patients with foot osteomyelitis who underwent a surgical percutaneous bone biopsy between January 1996 and June 2004 in a single diabetic foot clinic were reviewed. Seventy-six patients with 81 episodes of foot osteomyelitis who had positive results of culture of bone biopsy specimens and who had received no antibiotic therapy for at least 4 weeks before biopsy constituted the study population.

[Morbidity and cost of rotavirus infections in France].

Background: Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children. Morbidity and mortality related to rotavirus infection is not well known in temperate countries in general, and in France in particular.

Objectives: The aim of this study was estimate the morbidity, mortality, and cost related to the rotavirus infection in France, in order to assess the potential impact of a vaccination program.

[Efficacy and safety of pristinamycin vs amoxicillin in community acquired pneumonia in adults].

Study Objective: Evaluation of efficacy and safety of pristinamycin (PRI), compared with amoxicillin (AMX), both at 3 g daily for 7 to 10 days in adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Patients And Methods: Multinational, randomized, double blind, double dummy clinical trial of non-inferiority was conducted in 399 patients with a CAP.

Results: At inclusion, the mean age was 47.

Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype on first-line antiretroviral therapy effectiveness.

Objective: The effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment (ART) was compared in 416 naive patients from a French clinical cohort infected with B and non-B HIV-1 subtypes.

Methods: Time to HIV viral load (VL) undetectability was calculated for each subtype group. Three other parameters were estimated 3, 6 and 12 months after enrolment: clinical progression (that is, AIDS-defining events or death), changes in CD4 cell counts from baseline and proportion of patients achieving an undetectable VL (<400 HIV-RNA copies/ml).

Suspected SARS patients hospitalised in French isolation units during the early SARS epidemic: the French experience.

During the SARS epidemic, many patients were screened according to WHO criteria but never went on to develop SARS. In May 2003, early in the epidemic, we conducted a retrospective study to describe suspected SARS patients hospitalised in France and compared them with documented cases of patients with SARS to evaluate the screening strategy. A total of 117 patients were studied.

Suspected SARS patients hospitalised in French isolation units during the early SARS epidemic: The French experience.

During the SARS epidemic, many patients were screened according to WHO criteria but never went on to develop SARS. In May 2003, early in the epidemic, we conducted a retrospective study to describe suspected SARS patients hospitalised in France and compared them with documented cases of patients with SARS to evaluate the screening strategy. A total of 117 patients were studied.

Risk factors for anaemia in patients on prolonged linezolid therapy for chronic osteomyelitis: a case-control study.

Objectives: The intrinsic properties of the new antibiotic linezolid make it an attractive candidate for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. However, data regarding the tolerance of long-term linezolid administration are still lacking.

Methods: The medical charts of patients given linezolid for >4 weeks were retrospectively analysed, especially their haematology.