[Infant feeding, how to choose an infant milk?].

Infant feeding, how to choose an infant milk? The infant's nutrition is of particular concern, not only to assume a good nutritional status, an adequate growth and development, but also, to some extent, for his future health. Breast feeding remains the best choice but needs to be counseled in practice and in order to avoid deficiencies as well as chemical or in¬fectious contaminations. As a substitute to breast milk, none non modified mammalian milk fits the infant's nutritional needs.

Clinical Remission and Psychological Management are Major Issues for the Quality of Life in Pediatric Crohn Disease.

Objectives: Crohn disease (CD) can affect patient's quality of life (QOL) with physical, social, and psychological impacts. This study aimed to investigate the QOL of children with CD and its relationship with patient and disease characteristics.

Methods: Children ages from 10 to 17 years with diagnosed CD for more than 6 months were eligible to this cross-sectional study conducted in 35 French pediatric centers.

Long-term outcome of pediatric-onset Crohn's disease: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Pediatric-onset Crohn's disease (CD) may represent a more severe form of disease. The aim of this study was to describe long-term outcome and identify associated risk factors of complicated behavior in a large population-based pediatric-onset CD cohort.

Patients And Methods: Cases included all patients recorded in the EPIMAD registry diagnosed with definite or probable CD between January 1988 and December 2004, under the age of 17 years at the time of diagnosis, with at least two years of follow-up.

Dramatic Increase in Incidence of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease (1988-2011): A Population-Based Study of French Adolescents.

Objectives: Few data are available to describe the changes in incidence of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to describe changes in incidence and phenotypic presentation of pediatric-onset IBD in northern France during a 24-year period.

Methods: Pediatric-onset IBD (<17 years) was issued from a population-based IBD study in France between 1988 and 2011.

[Constipation in infants and children: How should it be treated?].

Functional constipation is a common pediatric problem in general practice and even more so in pediatric gastroenterology clinics. Treatment is often delayed with psychosocial and digestive consequences. However, treatment is well codified and effective.

Gene expression profiling in necrotizing enterocolitis reveals pathways common to those reported in Crohn's disease.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most frequent life-threatening gastrointestinal disease experienced by premature infants in neonatal intensive care units. The challenge for neonatologists is to detect early clinical manifestations of NEC. One strategy would be to identify specific markers that could be used as early diagnostic tools to identify preterm infants most at risk of developing NEC or in the event of a diagnostic dilemma of suspected disease.

Efficacy and safety of adalimumab after infliximab failure in pediatric Crohn disease.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of adalimumab (ADA) in children with Crohn disease (CD) who experienced infliximab (IFX) failure at the population level.

Methods: The present retrospective study included all of the children with CD from a pediatric-onset population-based cohort who received ADA before 18 years because of IFX failure or intolerance. Efficacy of ADA was evaluated using the physician's global assessment score, C-reactive protein and orosomucoid, and nutritional and growth indicators.

Association of N-acetylcysteine and glucagon during percutaneous cholangiography in the treatment of inspissated bile syndrome.

Inspissated bile syndrome (IBS) is a rare neonatal disease. In the majority of cases, it resolves spontaneously and treatment is conservative. Follow-up is recommended with close monitoring of laboratory tests.

Mortality and cancer in pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study.

Objectives: Although the incidence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to rise in Northern France, the risks of death and cancer in this population have not been characterized.

Methods: All patients <17 years, recorded in EPIMAD registry, and diagnosed between 1988 and 2004 with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) were included. The observed incidences of death and cancer were compared with those expected in the regional general population obtained by French Statistical Institute (INSEE) and the cancer Registry from Lille.

[Symptoms of Celiac disease in childhood].

The knowledge regarding celiac disease has increased dramatically in recent years, due to the availability of accurate serologic markers. Mass screening studies have shown that the prevalence of sensitization can be as high as 1/80. The range of symptoms is wide, from the classic growth failure, denutrition and diarrhea in infancy to clinically and histologically asymptomatic sensitized subjects.

[Capsule endoscopy in children: which are the best indications?].

Background And Study Aims: Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a novel and noninvasive means of investigating the small bowel. In children, the best CE indications have not yet been fully appraised. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of CE in different pediatric pathologies.

Clinical features and risk factors for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children: a case-crossover study.

Objective: This population-based survey was conducted to provide a formal description of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in children on a nationwide basis and assess the contribution of risk factors, principally nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID).

Methods: A case-crossover study of UGIB patients aged between 2 months and 16 years was conducted in France. Medical data were collected by physicians, and personal risk factors and exposure to drugs during the month preceding the onset of the bleeding was ascertained by a standardised telephone interview with parents.

Prevention of relapse by mesalazine (Pentasa) in pediatric Crohn's disease: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Aim: This study aimed to test the efficacy of mesalazine in maintaining remission in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) following successful flare-up treatment.

Methods: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 122 patients received either mesalazine 50mg/kg per day (n=60) or placebo (n=62) for one year. Treatment allocation was stratified according to flare-up treatment (nutrition or medication alone).

Natural history of pediatric Crohn's disease: a population-based cohort study.

Background & Aims: The natural history of pediatric Crohn's disease and risk factors necessitating surgery have not been thoroughly described.

Methods: In a geographically derived incidence cohort diagnosed from 1988 to 2002, we identified 404 Crohn's disease patients (ages, 0-17 years at diagnosis) with a follow-up time >or=2 years.

Results: Median follow-up time was 84 months (range, 52-124 months).

Incidence of autoimmune diseases in celiac disease: protective effect of the gluten-free diet.

Background & Aims: Celiac disease may be associated with autoimmune diseases. The aims of the present study were to determine in celiac patients which factors modulate the risk of autoimmune disease and to evaluate the effect of the gluten-free diet.

Methods: The occurrence of autoimmune disease and compliance to gluten-free diet were specified retrospectively in 924 celiac patients recruited from 27 French pediatric and adult gastroenterology centers.

[Oral rehydration solutions and acute diarrhoea: an update].

Oral rehydration solutions (ORS) have been used since 1960 and avoided millions of children deaths due to acute diarrhoeas. It is the only treatment currently able to prevent and treat acute dehydration. In France, ORS are cost free due to a health insurance refund.

A dose determination study of polyethylene glycol 4000 in constipated children: factors influencing the maintenance dose.

Objectives: To determine the doses of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 without additional salts allowing normal bowel habits in childhood functional constipation.

Methods: This multicenter noncomparative study allocated children to 4 groups: 6-12 months, 13 months-3 years, 4-7 years, and 8-15 years. Constipation was defined as <1 stool/d for more than 1 month in children aged 6-12 months and <3 stools/w for more than 3 months in older children.

[Evaluation of varicella complications through a retrospective hospital survey in a paediatric center over 16 years in France].

Objective: Evaluation of the varicella severity through a prevalence study of hospital admissions justified by a complication directly related to the onset of an acute episode of varicella.

Methods: Retrospective study in one paediatric center in France with a follow-up of a paediatric cohort from April 1987 to December 2002. This general paediatric hospital recruits children from a 400,000 inhabitants area.