Severe infections in recipients of cancer immunotherapy: what intensivists need to know.

Purpose Of Review: Given the increased number of cancer patients admitted in the ICU and the growing importance of immunotherapy in their therapeutic arsenal, intensivists will be increasingly confronted to patients treated with immunotherapies who will present with complications, infectious and immunologic.

Recent Findings: Apart from their specific immunologic toxicities, cancer immunotherapy recipients also have specific immune dysfunction and face increased infectious risks that may lead to intensive care unit admission.

Summary: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy is associated with profound immunosuppression and the risks of bacterial, fungal and viral infections vary according to the time since infusion.

Tumor lysis syndrome, acute kidney injury and disease-free survival in critically ill patients requiring urgent chemotherapy.

Background: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening complication during the treatment of malignant neoplasia. We sought to describe characteristics and predictors of acute kidney injury (AKI), remission and mortality in high-risk TLS patients. In this retrospective monocentric study, we included all patients with the diagnosis of biological and/or clinical TLS from 2012 to 2018.

HSV-1 reactivation is associated with an increased risk of mortality and pneumonia in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Background: Data in the literature about HSV reactivation in COVID-19 patients are scarce, and the association between HSV-1 reactivation and mortality remains to be determined. Our objectives were to evaluate the impact of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) reactivation in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infections primarily on mortality, and secondarily on hospital-acquired pneumonia/ventilator-associated pneumonia (HAP/VAP) and intensive care unit-bloodstream infection (ICU-BSI).

Methods: We conducted an observational study using prospectively collected data and HSV-1 blood and respiratory samples from all critically ill COVID-19 patients in a large reference center who underwent HSV tests.

Non-C. difficile Clostridioides Bacteremia in Intensive Care Patients, France.

Usually responsible for soft tissue infections, species can also cause bacteremia, life-threatening infections often requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study to investigate bacteremia in ICUs to describe the clinical and biologic characteristics and outcomes in critically ill patients. We identified 135 patients with bacteremia, which occurred almost exclusively (96%) in patients with underlying conditions.

Acute Kidney Injury Recovery Patterns in Critically Ill Patients: Results of a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: Acute kidney injury, acute kidney injury severity, and acute kidney injury duration are associated with both short- and long-term outcomes. Despite recent definitions, only few studies assessed pattern of renal recovery and time-dependent competing risks are usually disregarded. Our objective was to describe pattern of acute kidney injury recovery, change of transition probability over time and their risk factors.

24-h Urine Collection: A Relevant Tool in CKD Nutrition Evaluation.

Dietary management is a cornerstone of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) monitoring, and dietary surveys often difficult to perform. We studied in a CKD patient cohort with two years follow-up, whether validated 24-h urine ionogram would be a relevant tool for diet evaluation and compliance. We included 404 non-dialysis CKD patients, with three evaluations, including repeated measurements of fractional renal creatinine clearance and 24-h urine collection.