Prevalence of work place violence and its impact on doctors in some Iraqi hospitals.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of workplace violence and its impact on doctors in hospitals.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to January 2022 in Baghdad and Karbala governorates of Iraq, and comprised resident doctors at a number of hospitals. Data was collected using a selfadministered questionnaire that focussed on the frequency of exposure to violence, type, source, most common time, and other details about violence as well as its impact on doctors and their careers.

Brunner's gland hamartomas: Not always benign.

Brunner's gland hamartoma (BGH) is a rare, benign tumor of the duodenum. It is mostly asymptomatic and usually found incidentally on routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). However, some BGHs present with major complications including anemia, bleeding, obstruction, or dysplasia, requiring management and resection of these lesions.

A minireview of cholera outbreak in Lebanon - a rising public health concern.

Cholera is a highly contagious illness that can cause severe, acute, watery diarrhea. The WHO and the Lebanese Ministry of Health announced on the 10 October 2022 the re-emergence of Cholera in Lebanon. Data was collected from the Ministry of Public Health in Lebanon, the WHO, news announcements, as well as from online databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, news, conferences, and press releases on the current cholera outbreak.

Did the mental health and well-being of young people increase after the COVID-19 vaccination campaign period? A cross-sectional multicentre study in Austria and Turkey.

Unlabelled: In 2019, the global Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and associated prevention measures affected the mental health and psychological well-being of young people with and without a migratory background. The present study aimed to compare the mental health and psychological well-being of migrant and non-migrant young people before and after the COVID-19 vaccination campaign period in two countries which had different policies to deal with the pandemic. The "Psychological General Well-being" of young people and their experiences during the pandemic were investigated using an anonymous online survey during two pandemic waves before the vaccination campaign and 6 months after its start.

Postpartum Disseminated Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection With Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and Fulminant Neonatal Herpes Infection.

The present study describes a 19-year-old woman with systemic herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 infection and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) postpartum, and a fatal course of neonatal herpesvirus infection. Functional investigation of cells from the mother demonstrated significantly impaired induction of antiviral interferons and cytokines in the context of normal activation of the transcription factors NF-κB and IRF3. Whole-exome sequencing did not reveal any functionally validated genetic variants.

Far Infrared Radiation Therapy for Gynecological Cancer-Related Lymphedema Is an Effective and Oncologically Safe Treatment: A Randomized-Controlled Trial.

Gynecological cancer-related lymphedema (GCRL) is a devastating condition that adversely influences function, health, and quality of life. We conducted a randomized-controlled clinical study as well as experiments to investigate the efficacy and safety of far infrared radiation (FIR) to treat lymphedema in patients having previously undergone surgery for gynecological tumors. Seventy-four women with GCRL, cancer free for 5 years or more, were randomly allocated into two treatment groups: standard of care with bandage treatment and treatment with FIR plus bandage.

[Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2].

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the emergence of a new condition with hyperinflammatory shock, resembling Kawasaki disease (KD), was reported in children from Western countries strongly affected by SARS-CoV-2. This syndrome was termed paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (PIMS-TS). Despite displaying features similar to KD, studies demonstrated a new and more severe disease entity with multiorgan involvement, in particular gastrointestinal symptoms and heart failure, with blood tests consistent with a postinfectious inflammatory condition as summarised in this review.

Treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids using an intralesional 1470 nm bare-fibre diode laser: a novel efficient minimally-invasive technique.

Hypertrophic and keloid scars result from abnormal wound healing and can have a variable response to a number of available treatment modalities. The evolution of laser treatments in recent years has shown a wide range of clinical applications including their use in the treatment of scars. We investigated the effectiveness of a 1470 nm diode laser using an intralesional optical fibre delivery device in the treatment of hypertrophic and keloid scars.

STK4 Deficiency Impairs Innate Immunity and Interferon Production Through Negative Regulation of TBK1-IRF3 Signaling.

Background: STK4 deficiency due to homozygous mutations in the STK4 gene encoding the STK4/MST1 kinase was first described in 2012. STK4/MST1 kinase regulates cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and immune responses through canonical and non-canonical Hippo signaling pathways.

Objective: We describe an 11-year-old girl with a clinical presentation consisting of severe recurrent herpes zoster, chronic warts, and recurrent pneumonias, as well as a somatic phenotype with hypothyroidism and low stature.

Deciphering the Role of Host Genetics in Susceptibility to Severe COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) describes a set of symptoms that develop following infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Whilst COVID-19 disease is most serious in patients with significant co-morbidities, the reason for healthy individuals succumbing to fulminant infection is largely unexplained. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings in terms of clinical features and the host immune response, and suggest candidate immune pathways that may be compromised in otherwise healthy individuals with fulminating COVID-19.

Use of the Keystone Perforator Island Flap in the treatment of chronic lower extremity wounds complicated by osteomyelitis.

Introduction: Reconstruction of chronic lower extremity wounds can be especially challenging when these wounds are complicated by osteomyelitis. They require the joint expertise of plastic and orthopaedic surgeons.

Methods: We report our experience using the Keystone Perforator Island Flap following wound and bone debridement as a valuable surgical tool for coverage of complex wounds with bone infection.

Effect of Black Grape Seed Extract (Vitis vinifera) on Biofilm Formation of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus.

Grape seeds are considered one of the most important sources for phenolic and other compounds and is globally consumed for the biological value of its active ingredients. The increasing prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-related infections has become a very challenging health issue worldwide. This work aims at examining the antibacterial activity of alcoholic extract of black grape seeds (Vitis vinifera) against biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus.

Reviewing the Pathophysiology Behind the Advances in the Management of Giant Cell Arteritis.

Improving understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of giant cell arteritis (GCA) is transforming clinical management by identifying novel avenues for targeted therapies. One key area of concern for both clinicians and patients with GCA is glucocorticoid (GC) morbidity. The first randomised controlled trials of targeted treatment to reduce cumulative GC use in GCA have been published, with tocilizumab, an interleukin (IL)-6 receptor inhibitor, now the first ever licensed treatment for GCA.

The 1470 nm diode laser with an intralesional fiber device: a proposed solution for the treatment of inflamed and infected keloids.

Background: Keloids are the result of abnormal wound healing and often are subject to infections and recurrent inflammation. We present a study conducted with a 1470 nm diode laser using an intralesional optical fiber device for the treatment of inflamed keloid scars. We evaluate its efficacy as a novel alternative method to decrease keloid infection and inflammation.

Seasonal behavior and forecasting trends of tuberculosis incidence in Holy Kerbala, Iraq.

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains major public health problem over the world. Cities witnessing religious event throughout of the year like Kerbala/Iraq require great efforts to minimize the incidence of deadly communicable diseases like TB. The aim of this study is to model the monthly incidence rates of PTB cases in Kerbala/Iraq.

Sandro Botticelli's Madonna of the Pomegranate: the hidden cardiac anatomy.

Sandro Botticelli was one of the most renowned artists of the 15th century. He was based in Florence during the flourishing of the Renaissance, a time when anatomical knowledge of ancient times was reclaimed through cadaveric dissection. This report proposes that such knowledge enabled Botticelli to enhance the iconography of his masterpieces, Madonna of the Pomegranate, by incorporating a concealed image of the heart and cardiac anatomy within it.

Carbazole-based compounds as photoinitiators for free radical and cationic polymerization upon near visible light illumination.

Six new carbazole based compounds (Ca1-Ca6) are synthesized and proposed as high performance photoinitiators with iodonium salt (iod) and/or an amine (EDB) for both the free radical polymerization (FRP) of acrylates and the cationic polymerization (CP) of epoxides upon near UV and visible light exposure using light emitting diodes (LEDs) @385 nm and @405 nm. Excellent polymerization initiating abilities are found and high final reactive function conversions are acquired. A full picture of the involved photochemical mechanisms is given.

Novel Carbazole Skeleton-Based Photoinitiators for LED Polymerization and LED Projector 3D Printing.

Radical chemistry is a very convenient way to produce polymer materials. Here, an application of a particular photoinduced radical chemistry is illustrated. Seven new carbazole derivatives - are incorporated and proposed as high performance near-UV photoinitiators for both the free radical polymerization (FRP) of (meth)acrylates and the cationic polymerization (CP) of epoxides utilizing Light Emitting Diodes LEDs @405 nm.

Is it time for a change in the approach to chemical burns? The role of Diphoterine in the management of cutaneous and ocular chemical injuries.

A multitude of household and occupational compounds have the potential to induce chemical burns to the eye and skin. Without prompt intervention, irreversible visual loss and disfigurement may prevail. Diphoterine and Hexafluorine are amphoteric and hypertonic chelating solutions used in the management of general chemical and hydrofluoric acid burns, respectively.

Reliable scar scoring system to assess photographs of burn patients.

Background: Several scar-scoring scales exist to clinically monitor burn scar development and maturation. Although scoring scars through direct clinical examination is ideal, scars must sometimes be scored from photographs. No scar scale currently exists for the latter purpose.

The prevalence of smoking among karbala/iraq university students in iraq in 2005.

Background: Tobacco use is considered one of the largest public health threats facing the world. The estimated number of current smokers in the world exceeds 1.3 billion, which means that one third of the world's population above 15 years are smokers.