Continuous Evaluation of Shear Wave Velocity from Bender Elements during Monotonic Triaxial Loading.

Few researchers have attempted to experimentally evaluate the low-strain shear wave velocity () of specimens undergoing large strain deformations. They report that the is practically unaffected by the strains, and the reasons behind this behavior are not fully understood. This study presents the continuous measurement of low-strain with bender elements (BE) during monotonic shearing of two sand specimens in a triaxial device.