Practical guidelines for screening and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in Saudi Arabia.

Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is one of the leading causes of bilateral blindness in childhood. Early detection and effective treatment can prevent blindness. Efficient and timely screening examination of the retina by an experienced ophthalmologist who deals with preterm neonates with ROP is the mainstay in the management of this disease.

Efficacy and safety of using topical cyclosporine A for treatment of moderate to severe dry eye disease.

Objective: To investigate and evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical cyclosporine A for treatment of moderate to severe dry eye disease.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective study of patients with moderate to severe dry eye syndrome were recruited. All cases were selected from patients attending the ophthalmic outpatient clinic of Research institute of ophthalmology.

Predictors of Failed Transcystic Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration: Analysis of Multicenter Integrated Health System Database.

Background: The aim of this study is to report our experience with laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) and validate the experts' opinion about anatomical predictors of failed transcystic LCBDE (TLCBDE) approach.

Methods: Patients undergoing LCBDE at Kaiser Permanente Southern California hospitals (2005-2015) were included. Predictors of failed TLCBDE were identified using bivariate analysis.

Carnosine Supplementation Improves Serum Resistin Concentrations in Overweight or Obese Otherwise Healthy Adults: A Pilot Randomized Trial.

Adipokines play an important role in the regulation of glucose metabolism. We have previously shown that carnosine supplementation in overweight or obese non-diabetic individuals improves glucose metabolism but does not change adiponectin concentrations. However, its effect on other adipokines has not been investigated.

Profile and management outcomes of glaucoma cases at Qassim University Hospital.

Objective: In view of the paucity of community-based data about glaucoma in Saudi Arabia, better planning to address visual disabilities due to glaucoma is a challenge. Providing hospital-based data from semi-urban places will complement the picture based on information of tertiary eye hospitals of capital.

Methods: This is one-armed cohort study.

Vitamin D supplementation may improve back pain disability in vitamin D deficient and overweight or obese adults.

Back pain is currently the greatest cause of disability worldwide, and there are very limited therapeutic options available. Vitamin D deficiency and obesity are both risk factors for back pain. The few randomised controlled trials examining the effects of vitamin D supplementation on back pain have methodological limitations and largely include non-vitamin D deficient participants.

Corrigendum to "GC Method Validation for the Analysis of Menthol in Suppository Pharmaceutical Dosage Form".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2017/1728414.].

Chemical Constituents, Antioxidant, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor, and Cytotoxic Activities of Boiss. Essential Oil.

Introduction: In traditional medicine, many pharmacological activities have already been ascribed to the genus of plant. These include antirheumatic antispasmodic, anthelmintic, diuretic, hypoglycemic, and anticancer effects. The recent investigation aimed to characterize and estimate the chemical composition, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer potentials of the essential oil isolated by the microwave-ultrasonic apparatus from leaves collected from Palestine.

Effect of developmental lead exposure on neurogenesis and cortical neuronal morphology in Wistar rats.

Lead (Pb) is a neurotoxic heavy metal that largely affects the developing nervous system. The present study examined the temporal effect of perinatal Pb exposure on neurogenesis and cortical neuronal morphology. Wistar pregnant rats were exposed to 0.

Reliability of sonoelastography in predicting pediatric cervical lymph node malignancy.

Purpose: Controversy exists as regards the best non-invasive diagnostic tool for pediatric cervical lymphadenopathy. The current work aimed to evaluate the reliability, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of sonoelastography in diagnosing benign and/or malignant pediatric cervical lymphadenopathy.

Methods: Prospective study took place over a period of 4 years from January 2013 to December 2016.

Knowledge and practice regarding contact lens among Saudi urban contact lens users.

Purpose: To assess the level and determinants of knowledge and practice regarding contact lens (CL) and its accessories among adult Saudi CL users.

Methods: This survey was conducted in 2015 for Saudi contact lens users visiting a Mall in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The questions were related to knowledge about contact lenses, correct CL and accessories usage.

Is frailty a stable predictor of mortality across time? Evidence from the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies.

Background: age-specific mortality reduction has been accompanied by a decrease in the prevalence of some diseases and an increase in others. Whether populations are becoming 'healthier' depends on which aspect of health is being considered. Frailty has been proposed as an integrative measure to quantify health status.

Comparison of Goldmann Applanation, Noncontact Air Puff, and Tono-Pen XL Tonometry in Normal Controls versus Glaucoma Patients at a University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measured by the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT), the Tono-Pen XL (TPXL), and a noncontact airpuff tonometer (NCT) in glaucoma patients and normal controls.

Methodology: In the current study, two groups of individuals were recruited; the first group included glaucoma patients (glaucoma group) while the second one was a glaucoma-free group. The IOP was measured through GAT, NCT, and TPXL for the same participants by three different physicians in both groups.

The effect of a short animated educational video on knowledge among glaucoma patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational video in increasing knowledge among glaucoma patients and to determine the factors that may influence a patient's level of knowledge.

Patients And Methods: This was a pre-post intervention study on adult glaucoma patients attending the outpatient service at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital. The intervention tested was a short educational video that was edited specifically for this study.

Formulation and In Vitro, In Vivo Correlation Between Two Candesartan Cilexetil Tablets.

In this study, the in vitro and in vivo interchangeability between generic candesartan 16 mg and the branded formulation was assessed. The in vitro release of these products was conducted in 3 pH media (1.2, 5.

Effects of supplementation with carnosine and other histidine-containing dipeptides on chronic disease risk factors and outcomes: protocol for a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

Introduction: Ageing of populations globally, coupled with the obesity epidemic, has resulted in the rising prevalence of chronic diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Prevention of risk factors that contribute to these diseases is key in managing the global burden of chronic diseases. Recent studies suggest that carnosine, a dipeptide with anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and antiglycating properties may have a role in the prevention of chronic diseases; however, no previous reviews have examined the effects of carnosine and other histidine-containing peptides (HCDs) on chronic disease risk factors and outcomes.

Erratum: Higher glomerular filtration rate is related to insulin resistance but not to obesity in a predominantly obese non-diabetic cohort.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/srep45522.

Protective potential of royal jelly against cadmium-induced infertility in male rats.

This study aimed to investigate the protective potential of Royal jelly (RJ) against cadmium (Cd)-induced testicular dysfunction in rats. Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were assigned into five groups. G I; (control) injected intraperitoneally with saline, G II injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of CdCl (1 mg/kg BW), G III received RJ (100 mg/kg BW/day) orally, G IV was pre-treated with RJ for 1 week then, treated with CdCl , and G V was co-treated with RJ and CdCl .

Meibography of Eyes With Sequelae of Trachoma.

Purpose: To study the effect of trachoma on meibomian glands using infrared meibography and to correlate the results with tear film parameters.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study in which 86 eyes of healthy volunteers and 90 eyes with trachoma were included. Clinical assessment was performed including the following: slit-lamp examination looking for signs of sequelae of trachoma, tear breakup time (TBUT), superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK), Schirmer II test (with anesthesia), and meibum score.

Appropriate Use of Venous Imaging and Analysis of the D-Dimer/Clinical Probability Testing Paradigm in the Diagnosis and Location of Deep Venous Thrombosis.

Background: The D-dimer (DD) level combined with the pretest Wells criteria probability (WCP) score can safely exclude deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between DD results alongside WCP score with findings on venous duplex ultrasound (VDU). The hypothesis is that VDU remains overutilized in low-risk patients with negative DD and that higher DD levels may correlate with thrombus burden and location.

Vitamin D supplementation for improvement of chronic low-grade inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Vitamin D has been proposed to have anti-inflammatory properties; however, the effect of vitamin D supplementation on inflammation in type 2 diabetes has not been established.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes and to identify relevant gaps in knowledge.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and EBM Reviews were searched systematically from inception to January 25, 2017.

Adipsin Concentrations Are Associated with Back Pain Independently of Adiposity in Overweight or Obese Adults.

To compare cardiometabolic risk factors including cytokine and adipokine concentrations between individuals with and without back pain. In 62 overweight/obese adults (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m; 23F/39M), we collected data on: self-reported back pain; anthropometry [BMI, waist circumference, body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry-DEXA)]; metabolic parameters [fasting glucose; insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps)]; cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure, lipids); serum inflammation markers [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP; immunoturbidimetric-assay), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 (multiplex-assay)]; and adipokines [leptin, adipsin, resistin, and adiponectin (multiplex-assay)]. Participants who reported having back pain in the past month ( = 24; 39%) had higher BMI (mean ± = 33.