Recent advancement of autophagy in polyploid giant cancer cells and its interconnection with senescence and stemness for therapeutic opportunities.

Recurrent chemotherapy-induced senescence and resistance are attributed to the polyploidization of cancer cells that involve genomic instability and poor prognosis due to their unique form of cellular plasticity. Autophagy, a pre-dominant cell survival mechanism, is crucial during carcinogenesis and chemotherapeutic stress, favouring polyploidization. The selective autophagic degradation of essential proteins associated with cell cycle progression checkpoints deregulate mitosis fidelity and genomic integrity, imparting polyploidization of cancer cells.

Pharmacological appraisal of ligustrazine based cyclohexanone analogs as inhibitors of inflammatory markers.

The targeting of pro-inflammatory enzymes becomes a therapeutic intervention when acute inflammation is proliferating in pathological conditions. This research is intended to carry out an evaluation of inhibiting and inducing enzymes with inflammatory associations with 28 cyclohexanone analogs based on the ligustrazine. Tests were undertaken with inhibitor screening assay kits using a range of synthetic compounds to investigate how they could inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, secretory phospholipase A (sPLA), and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme.

A newly synthesized platinum-based compound (PBC-II) increases chemosensitivity of HeLa ovarian cancer cells via inhibition of autophagy.

There are many mechanisms of resistance, chemoresistance of HeLa cells to anti-cancer agents seems to be autophagy-mediated. While using very effective anti-cancers such as Doxorubicin and cisplatin, cells overcome the cytotoxicity of these drugs through promotion of what so-called cytoprotective autophagy. Here in this study, we sought to introduce a novel platinum-based compound PBC-II that possesses anti-cancer activity.

Rutin inhibits carfilzomib-induced oxidative stress and inflammation via the NOS-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Carfilzomib (CFZ), a proteasome inhibitor approved by the FDA to treat multiple myeloma, may cause nephrotoxicity.

Hypothesis: Rutin is a bioflavonoid with antioxidant properties. We aimed to examine whether rutin protects the kidney from CFZ-induced nephrotoxicity.

Apremilast prevent doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and inflammation in heart through inhibition of oxidative stress mediated activation of NF-κB signaling pathways.

Background: Doxorubicin is an effective, potent and commonly used anthracycline-related anticancer drug; however, cardiotoxicity compromises its therapeutic potential. Apremilast, a novel phosphodiesterase type 4-inhibitor, reported to have anti-inflammatory effects and modulating many inflammatory mediators.

Methods: The present study investigated the influence of apremilast against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats.

Neuro-protective effect of rutin against Cisplatin-induced neurotoxic rat model.

Background: Cisplatin is widely used chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment with limited uses due to its neurotoxic side effect. The aim of this study was to determine the potential preventive effects of rutin on the brain of cisplatin- neurotoxic rat model.

Methods: Forty rats were divided into four groups.

Inhibitory Effect of Ginseng on Breast Cancer Cell Line Growth Via Up-Regulation of Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor, p21 and p53.

Objective: Breast cancer is global female health problem worldwide. Most of the currently used agents for breast cancer treatment have toxic side-effects. Ginseng root, an oriental medicine, has many health benefits and may exhibit direct anti-cancer properties.