Fingerprint and authenticity roasted coffees by H-NMR: the Brazilian coffee case.

With globalization, it has become necessary to adopt policies to regulate the coffee market, addressing problems including the authenticity and traceability of products. It is therefore important to establish methodologies that can help to safeguard the interests of producer countries and add value to products. For this purpose, the use of NMR combined with multivariate statistical procedures can be an attractive option.

Central auditory processing outcome after stroke in children.

Objective: To investigate central auditory processing in children with unilateral stroke and to verify whether the hemisphere affected by the lesion influenced auditory competence.

Method: 23 children (13 male) between 7 and 16 years old were evaluated through speech-in-noise tests (auditory closure); dichotic digit test and staggered spondaic word test (selective attention); pitch pattern and duration pattern sequence tests (temporal processing) and their results were compared with control children. Auditory competence was established according to the performance in auditory analysis ability.

Stroke caused auditory attention deficits in children.

Objective: To verify the auditory selective attention in children with stroke.

Methods: Dichotic tests of binaural separation (non-verbal and consonant-vowel) and binaural integration - digits and Staggered Spondaic Words Test (SSW) - were applied in 13 children (7 boys), from 7 to 16 years, with unilateral stroke confirmed by neurological examination and neuroimaging.

Results: The attention performance showed significant differences in comparison to the control group in both kinds of tests.

Does stroke impair learning in children?

Objective. To assess cognitive development and learning in children who have had strokes. Method.

Prenatal and neonatal variables associated with enamel hypoplasia in deciduous teeth in low birth weight preterm infants.

This study investigated possible prenatal and neonatal variables that may influence the prevalence of tooth enamel hypoplasia in preterm and low birth weight children (LBW) and a matched control group of term children with normal birth weight (NBW). The study sample consisted of 61 children born preterm and with LBW examined at 18-34 months of age. The control group was formed by 61 infants born full term and with NBW examined at 31-35 months of age.

Stroke in patients with sickle cell disease: clinical and neurological aspects.

The aim of this study was to characterize a group of patients (n=8) with sickle cell disease (SCD) and ischemic stroke concerning the clinical, neurological, imaging and progressive aspects. Data were collected from records and completed with an interview of patients and their parents. In this study there were 8 patients with ages ranging from 10 to 23 years old; SCD diagnosis was given between one and two years of age with clinical features of fatigue and anemia.

[Auditory processing in children with cerebrovascular disease].

Background: cerebrovascular disease (CVD) during childhood is a rare condition; its short, medium and long-term characteristics deserve further investigation. The application of behavioral techniques may improve clinical characterization, thus rendering more efficient therapeutic planning and control.

Aim: to describe the audiological manifestations in a child with CVD in two distinct moments of clinical follow-up.

Cerebrovascular disease in childhood: neuropsychological investigation of 14 cases.

There are few studies about the development of a child after a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and they usually describe problems such as diminishing in intellectual capacities, difficulties in linguistic and visual-motor skills, as well as in spatial organization and integration. In this study, there were 28 children participating, being 14 placed in the experimental group (EG) after clinical diagnosis and ischemic CVA imaging, and other 14 children without past history of CVA, who formed the control group (CG). The neuropsychological research protocol included an intelligence test, a visual-motor coordination test, human figure drawing, a cortical functions battery and the medical records of the children from the EG.

[Cerebrovascular disease: language acquisition in preschool children].

We describe ten children, aging 5 years and 1 month until 5 years and 11 months, when the phonoaudiological assessment was conducted. They are divided according to cerebrovascular disease, in CVD group (CVD-G) and control group (cG). Children were seen and CVD was confirmed in the acute phase at UNICAMP hospital.

[Neurodevelopment of full-term small-for-gestational age infants in the second month of life].

The objective of the present study was to assess and to compare the neurodevelopment of full-term adequate (AGA) or small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants in the second month of life. Sixty-seven infants were evaluated: 43 AGA and 24 SGA, making use of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The SGA group Index Score (IS) was significantly lower in Mental and Motor Scales.

[Language evaluation in children with bilateral cerebrovascular disease: study of two cases].

We describe two children, aging 5 years and 6 months and 5 years and 10 months respectively, when the phonoaudiological assessment was conducted. Both children presented bilateral cerebrovascular disease (CVD), confirmed in the acute phase by means of clinical and image neurological test. During this phase, the two patients were examined by a pediatric neurologist of the Pediatric Neurology Discipline of FCM/UNICAMP, pediatric CVD ambulatory.

Ischemic cerebrovascular disease in childhood: cognitive assessment of 15 patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate and to compare the cognitive function of children with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD). Fifteen children, 7 girls and 8 boys, aged 7.9 to 16.

Developmental study of early posture control in preterm and fullterm infants.

In a prospective study, 10 infants born between 32 to 36 weeks of gestation and 10 infants born at fullterm were observed on day 15, and in months 1, 2 and 3. The investigation showed that the development of early postural control takes place in a sequential way in preterm infants, similar to that of in fullterm infants. However, some movement components for the acquisition of motor abilities showed a different trend in the development of preterm infants when compared to fullterm infants: the onset for the acquisition of the extensor and flexor patterns was slower and the distribution of the load bearing was less mature.

Neuropsychological evaluation of children after ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

The purpose of this study is to associate neuropsychological evaluation with neuroimaging results in children with cerebral tomography indicating ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD). Neuroimaging, neurological exams and neuropsychological instruments were used to evaluate five children. The study revealed that the cognitive and perceptive skills in two children were normal and motor sequele in four cases.

[Moyamoya and Down syndrome: study conducted by meta-analysis].

We present a clinic-epidemiological study of two patients and meta-analysis (period 1977-2000 ) of the co-morbidity of the Down syndrome (DS) and moyamoya syndrome (MMS). Among the 42 patients listed in this survey, meta-analysis permitted to find the highest number of publications by researchers from Japan and United States, followed by Brazil and Italy; prevalence of cerebrovascular disease in suckling and pre school children; first symptomatology was hemiparesis (78.6%), speech disorders (26.

Epileptic manifestations induced by midazolam in the neonatal period.

Antiepileptic drugs may cause worsening of epilepsy by aggravating pre-existing seizures or by triggering new seizure types. There are several reports of adverse effects related to midazolam, but only a few authors reported epileptic manifestations. We report four newborns seen at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of our University Hospital, who developed seizures a few seconds after the administration of midazolam.

Hemiparetic cerebral palsy: etiological risk factors and neuroimaging.

The purpose of this paper, which was conducted on 175 children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy (H-CP), was to verify the etiological risk period for this disease. Etiological risk factors (ERF) were detected through anamnesis: 23% in the prenatal period, 18% in the perinatal period and 59% of the patients the period was undefined (ERF in the prenatal and perinatal period was 41% and no ERF was 18% of the cases. The computerized tomographic scan (CT) and MRI were performed on all the patients, who were then classified according to their etiopathogenic data: CT1= normal (18%); CT 2= unilateral ventricular enlargement (25%); CT 3= cortical/ subcortical cavities (28%); CT4= hemispheric atrophy and other findings (14%); CT 5= malformations (15%).

[Medical residence in pediatric neurology in Brazil].

We present the results of a research on Medical Residence in Pediatric Neurology, classifying present information on the teaching and training in the several centers of formation in Brazil. It was possible to contact 17 Institutions with organized services, being 6 accredited by CNRM (National Council of Medical residence), 10 non accredited, and one under diligence. The program content is developed in 3 or 4 years, including the pre-qualification, being the annual schedule load variable, from 1900 to 2880 hours / year.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: case report.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is a rare genetic disease characterized by widespread soft tissue ossification and congenital stigmata of the extremities. We report on a male child followed for ten years since the age of 3 years and 9 months, when the diagnosis was made. He was born with bilateral hypoplasic hallux valgus and ventricular septal defect, corrected by trans-sternal approach when 32 months old.

[Comparison of the neuropsychological assessment in a girl with bilateral cerebrovascular disease (moyamoya) before and after surgical intervention].

Moyamoya is a chronic progressive cerebrovascular disease with characteristic angiographic findings and a clinical picture with episodes of transient ischemic attacks, headache, seizures, hemiparesis, which may resolve after surgical treatment. We describe the case of a girl with the typical findings of the disease, comparing them before and after surgery with the use of neuropsychological tests, neurological examination and laboratory tests.

Cerebrovascular disease in newborn infants. Report of three cases with clinical follow-up and brain SPECT imaging.

The clinical and neurological findings of three neonates with the diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease are reported. The neuropsychological evaluation disclosed impairment of fine motor function, coordination, language, perception and behavioral disturbances. Brain SPECT imaging revealed perfusional deficits in the three cases.

[Cerebrovascular disease in children: II. Clinical aspects in 42 cases].

We report the findings recorded in 42 children suffering cerebrovascular disease and assisted at the Hospital das Clínicas FCM-UNICAMP, over a 8 years period (January 1990 until April 1998). The ischemic type was the most common, and involvement of the middle cerebral artery, sudden onset of clinical manifestation with seizures and motor disability were more common in early aged children. Motor sequelae predominated in the follow-up of these children.

[Cerebrovascular disease in children: I. Epileptic manifestations].

Seizures may occur as a complication of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and its prevalence, clinical presentation, risk factors and evolution have been reported by few authors. We evaluated 39 children with CVD and analyzed the association with seizures. Seizures occurred in 24 (61.

[Video-polygraphic-EEG study in the full-term newborn with low birthweight for their gestational age].

Video-polygraphic-EEG studies were performed in the first 24 life-hours of 26 healthy full-term newborns without perinatal injuries. The neurological examination and cranial ultrasonography were normal. The newborns were divided into two groups: one, with full-term appropriate--birth weight 11 newborns (control group) and the other with full-term low-birth weight 15 newborns.