Simultaneous Bilateral T, T, and T Relaxation Mapping of Hip Joint With 3D-MRI Fingerprinting.

Background: Three-dimensional MR fingerprinting (3D-MRF) has been increasingly used to assess cartilage degeneration, particularly in the knee joint, by looking into multiple relaxation parameters. A comparable 3D-MRF approach can be adapted to assess cartilage degeneration for the hip joint, with changes to accommodate specific challenges of hip joint imaging.

Purpose: To demonstrate the feasibility and repeatability of 3D-MRF in the bilateral hip jointly we map proton density (PD), T, T, T, and ∆B in clinically feasible scan times.

Optimized MR pulse sequence for high-resolution brain 3D-T1ρ mapping with weighted spin-lock acquisitions.

Purpose: To implement and evaluate the feasibility of brain spin-lattice relaxation in the rotating frame (T1ρ) mapping using a novel optimized pulse sequence that incorporates weighted spin-lock acquisitions, enabling high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) mapping.

Methods: The optimized variable flip-angle framework, previously proposed for knee T1ρ mapping, was enhanced by integrating weighted spin-lock acquisitions. This strategic combination significantly boosts signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) while reducing data acquisition time, facilitating high-resolution 3D-T1ρ mapping of the brain.

Mental health and justice beyond borders: Global crises, sociopolitical determinants, and contemporary practices in forensic psychiatry.

In an era marked by escalating international crises, environmental shifts, and sociopolitical volatilities, global mental health is facing profound challenges. With its distinctive position at the intersection between clinical and judicial domains, forensic psychiatry can be predisposed to the consequences of adverse external determinants and events. At present, geopolitical conflicts, rising insecurities, climate change, forced and voluntary migration, and regressive sociopolitical ideologies are all compounding role responsibilities, care models, and ethical expectations across forensic-psychiatric practice; in short, complex distal factors are increasingly informing domestic considerations.

Geopolitical determinants of mental health and global health inequities.

Geopolitical determinants of health have been well recognized by the World Health Organization and are increasingly being discussed across governments, institutions, academics, policy makers, and across global health sector. Geopolitical determinants of health are events, structures, processes, and factors that influence individual health including mental health, public and population mental health both directly and indirectly. Consequently, nation's responses to these factors will affect short-term and long-term health outcomes.

Geopsychiatry: Climate change, migration, and mental health.

Geopsychiatry, a newly emerging discipline within psychiatry, examines the influence of geopolitical determinants on mental health and mental illness. Geopolitical determinants include conflict and wars, global austerity, climate change, public health crises (such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)), and migration. This study focuses on the two significant areas of climate change and migration.

Exposure of elementary school-aged Brazilian children to bisphenol A: association with demographic, social, and behavioral factors, and a worldwide comparison.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer used to synthesize polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins and is well-known for its endocrine-disrupting action. BPA occurrence in the environment is widespread, and there is a growing concern regarding exposure to this chemical during childhood, given the findings indicating the long-lasting hazards associated with exposure during early life compared to adulthood. We examined urinary BPA concentrations from 319 elementary school-aged Brazilian children, using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Immunoregulatory effects of soluble antigens of Leishmania sp. in human lymphocytes in vitro.

The clinical manifestations of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) depend not only on the infecting species involved, but also on the immune response of the individual. Although not yet well understood in humans, parasite survival and persistence are related to the cytokine profile and T cell proliferation, with the Th1 profile being related to cure, and the Th2 profile to disease progression. Considering the need for studies focused on the species with the highest circulation in the state of Amazonas, this study aimed to analyze the immunoregulation stimulated by soluble antigens (SLAs) of Leishmania (L.

Performance of MR learned pulse sequences for 3D bi-exponential, stretched-exponential, and mono-exponential T and T mapping of knee cartilage.

Purpose: To compare the performance of a learned magnetization-prepared gradient echo (L-MPGRE) sequence against a commonly used sequence for 3D T and T mapping of the knee joint, the magnetization-prepared angle-modulated partitioned k-space spoiled gradient echo snapshots (MAPSS), on bi-exponential (BE), stretched-exponential (SE), and mono-exponential (ME) relaxation models.

Methods: We used a combined differentiable and non-differentiable optimization to learn pulse sequence structure and its parameters for 3D T and T mapping of the knee joint using ME, SE, and BE models. The learned pulse sequence framework was used to improve quantitative accuracy and SNR and to reduce filtering effects.

Feasibility of 3D MRI fingerprinting for rapid knee cartilage T, T and T mapping at 0.55T: Comparison with 3T.

Low-field strength scanners present an opportunity for more inclusive imaging exams and bring several challenges including lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and longer scan times. Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) is a rapid quantitative multiparametric method that can enable multiple quantitative maps simultaneously. To demonstrate the feasibility of an MRF sequence for knee cartilage evaluation in a 0.

The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: space-time approach of cases, deaths, and vaccination coverage (February 2020 - April 2024).

Objective: To assess the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and its macro-regions, considering disease incidence and mortality rates, as well as identifying territories with still rising disease indices and evaluating vaccine coverage and population adherence to COVID-19 immunization.

Methods: An ecological study conducted in Brazil with COVID-19 cases and deaths reported between February 2020 and April 2024, obtained through the Coronavirus Panel. Historical series were constructed from incidence and mortality rates to assess the pandemic's evolution, and temporal trends were estimated using the Seasonal Trend Decomposition using Loess (STL) method.

Correction: Caribbean red snapper fishing performance indicators in Brazilian amazon shelf: Is it the beginning of the end of a fishing system?

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Shotgun proteomics of detergent-solubilized proteins from Trypanosoma evansi.

Trypanosoma evansi, the causative agent of surra, is the most prevalent pathogenic salivarian trypanosome and affects the majority of domesticated and wild animals in endemic regions. This work aimed to analyze detergent-solubilized T. evansi proteins and identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for surra.

World Psychiatric Association-Asian Journal of Psychiatry Commission on Public Mental Health.

Although there is considerable evidence showing that the prevention of mental illnesses and adverse outcomes and mental health promotion can help people lead better and more functional lives, public mental health remains overlooked in the broader contexts of psychiatry and public health. Likewise, in undergraduate and postgraduate medical curricula, prevention and mental health promotion have often been ignored. However, there has been a recent increase in interest in public mental health, including an emphasis on the prevention of psychiatric disorders and improving individual and community wellbeing to support life trajectories, from childhood through to adulthood and into older age.

Caribbean red snapper fishing performance indicators in Brazilian amazon shelf: Is it the beginning of the end of a fishing system?

Red snapper fishing (Lutjanus purpureus) is an important fishing activity for the Brazilian economy due to its export. The scarcity of up-to-date information on this system's ecology, economy, and social characteristics contributes to inefficient management. We analyze whether the commercial snapper fishery on the Amazon continental shelf is socioecologically sustainable.

Association between telomere length with alcohol use disorder and internalizing/externalizing comorbidities in a Brazilian male sample.

Background: Shortening telomere length (TL) is an important ageing marker associated with substance use disorder (SUD). However, the influence of psychiatric and clinical comorbidities and alcohol-related outcomes has not been much explored in the context of TL in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and may be a source of heterogeneity in AUD studies. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the influence of AUD, alcohol-related outcomes, and common psychiatric comorbidities on TL in men with AUD and healthy controls (HC).

Emerging Trends in Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting for Quantitative Biomedical Imaging Applications: A Review.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) stands as a vital medical imaging technique, renowned for its ability to offer high-resolution images of the human body with remarkable soft-tissue contrast. This enables healthcare professionals to gain valuable insights into various aspects of the human body, including morphology, structural integrity, and physiological processes. Quantitative imaging provides compositional measurements of the human body, but, currently, either it takes a long scan time or is limited to low spatial resolutions.

Diagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis by Flow Cytometry Serology using the rMELEISH Multiepitope Antigen Coupled in a Functional Bead.

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease, with dogs being the main reservoir of the .

Objective: To develop a new flow cytometry test to diagnosis canine VL (CVL) diagnosis.

Methods: The current study addresses a new flow cytometry test using beads coupled to the multiepitope antigen rMELEISH.

Computational and experimental assessment of efficient dye adsorption method from aqueous effluents by halloysite and palygorskite clay minerals.

The removal of dyes from effluents of textile industries represents a technological challenge, due to their significant environmental impact. The application of halloysite (Hal) and palygorskite (Pal) clay minerals as adsorbents for the removal of Congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB) was evaluated in this work. The materials were applied both in natural and acid-treated forms, and characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM-EDS, FTIR, and N adsorption-desorption isotherm techniques to identify their properties and main active sites.

In Vitro Leishmanicidal Activity of Copaiba Oil and Kojic Acid Combination on the Protozoan and Host Cell.

(1) Background: Leishmaniasis refers to a group of anthropozoonotic diseases caused by Leishmania. The major chemotherapeutic agent used for its treatment is Glucantime, but the search continues for new compounds that are economically viable and act on the protozoan without causing damage to the host cell. As an alternative approach, this study used a combination of copaiba oil (CO) and kojic acid (KA) to determine their in vitro action on host cells, on the protozoan and its interaction with macrophages.

Implementing nursing diagnoses and care for the spiritual dimension of people with cancer: educational actions.

Objective: To establish the implementation of nursing diagnoses and care for the spiritual dimension of people with cancer.

Method: Action research in a university hospital in the north-east of Brazil. Nine nurses and thirteen nursing technicians from the Onco-hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit of this hospital took part.

A Dibenzotetrathiafulvalene-Bridged Bis(alkenylruthenium) Complex and Its One- and Two-Electron-Oxidized Forms.

We report on the synthesis of the new bis(alkenylruthenium) complex with a longitudinally extended, π-conjugated dibenzotetrathiafulvalene (DBTTF) bridge, characterized by multinuclear NMR, IR, and UV/vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Cyclic and square-wave voltammetry revealed that undergoes four consecutive oxidations. IR, UV/vis/near-IR, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy indicate that the first oxidation involves the redox-noninnocent DBTTF bridge, while the second oxidation is biased toward one of the peripheral styrylruthenium entities, thereby generating an electronically coupled mixed-valent state ({Ru}-CH═CH)-DBTTF-(CH═CH-{Ru}) [{Ru} = Ru(CO)Cl(PPr)].