Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and treatment targets in vascular surgery patients.

Introduction: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) is a known contributing factor to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and a primary therapeutic target for medical management of ASCVD. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL) has recently been identified as a secondary therapeutic target but is not yet widely used in vascular surgery patients. We sought to assess if vascular surgery patients were undertreated per non-HDL therapeutic guidelines.

Thromboembolism is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A case-control study.

Background: The information on the risk of thromboembolism (TE) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its predictors are lacking, especially from developing countries. The present study evaluated the prevalence, predictors, and prognosis of TE in IBD.

Methods: This case-control study included 35 patients with IBD (ulcerative colitis [UC, n = 25]; Crohn's disease [CD], n = 10) and history of TE, from a cohort of 3597 patients (UC n = 2752, CD n = 845) under follow-up from 2005 to 2018.

The Impact of Medicare Coverage on Downstream Financial Outcomes for Adults Who Undergo Surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of gaining access to Medicare on key financial outcomes for surgical patients.

Summary Background Data: Surgical care poses a significant financial burden, especially among patients with insufficient financial risk protection. Medicare may mitigate the risk of these adverse circumstances, but the impact of Medicare eligibility on surgical patients remains poorly understood.

High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation Can Correct Hypovitaminosis D Prior to Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency in the perioperative surgical period is associated with inferior surgical outcomes. There are no established preoperative supplementation regimens in the orthopedic literature. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy between 2 different supplementation regimens of vitamin D prior to total knee arthroplasty.

Post-Operative Remote Monitoring for Same-Day Discharge Elective Orthopedic Surgery: A Pilot Study.

The purposes of this pilot study are to utilize digital remote monitoring to (a) evaluate the usability and satisfaction of a wireless blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) monitor and (b) determine whether these data can enable safe mobilization at home after same-day discharge (SDD) joint replacement. A population of 23 SDD patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA), or total hip arthroplasty (THA) were given a cellular BP/HR monitor, with real-time data capture. Patients took three readings after surgery, observing for specific blood pressure decreases, HR increases, or hypotensive symptoms.

Management of Helicobacter pylori infection: The Bhubaneswar Consensus Report of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology.

The Indian Society of Gastroenterology (ISG) felt the need to organize a consensus on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and to update the current management of H. pylori infection; hence, ISG constituted the ISG's Task Force on Helicobacter pylori.

Combination of sarcopenia and high visceral fat predict poor outcomes in patients with Crohn's disease.

Background: Sarcopenia and visceral fat independently predict poor outcomes in Crohn's disease (CD). However, combined influence of these parameters on outcomes is unknown, and was investigated in the present study.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated skeletal muscle index (SMI-cross-sectional area of five skeletal muscles normalized for height), visceral and subcutaneous fat area and their ratio (VF/SC) on single-slice computed tomography (CT) images at L3 vertebrae in CD patients (CT done: January 2012-December 2015, patients followed till December 2019).

Prospective validation of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T-regulatory cells as an immunological marker to differentiate intestinal tuberculosis from Crohn's disease.

Background/aims: Crohn's disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) remain "difficult-to-differentiate" diseases. We have previously documented peripheral blood frequency of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T-regulatory cells (Treg) as a biomarker to differentiate CD and ITB. We tried to validate these results in a larger cohort of CD and ITB patients.

Risk of Tuberculosis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Infliximab or Adalimumab Is Dependent on the Local Disease Burden of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Infliximab (IFX) or adalimumab (ADA) use in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) leads to increased risk of tuberculosis (TB). This meta-analysis evaluated the factors which determine this risk, with special focus on local TB incidence.

Methods: All studies until January 31, 2019, which reported the development of TB in patients with IBD on IFX/ADA, were included after searching PubMed and Embase.

High risk of tuberculosis during infliximab therapy despite tuberculosis screening in inflammatory bowel disease patients in India.

Background/aims: The data on the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation with infliximab (IFX) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from TB endemic countries, like India, is limited. The risk of TB reactivation on IFX and its predictors in patients with IBD was assessed.

Methods: This retrospective review included consecutive patients with IBD who received IFX, and were on follow-up from January 2005 to November 2017.

CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ T cell frequency in the peripheral blood is a biomarker that distinguishes intestinal tuberculosis from Crohn's disease.

Background: Distinguishing between Crohn's Disease (CD) and Intestinal Tuberculosis (ITB) has been a challenging task for clinicians due to their similar presentation. CD4+FOXP3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) have been reported to be increased in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. However, there is no such data available in ITB.

Tubercular Intestinal Strictures Show a Poor Response to Anti-Tuberculous Therapy.

Background: The literature on resolution of intestinal strictures in patients with intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) after anti-tuberculous therapy (ATT) is sparse and ambivalent. We aimed to assess the frequency of stricture resolution after ATT and its predictors.

Methods: This ambispective cohort study included consecutive ITB patients with strictures who received ATT for ≥6 months and were on regular follow-up between January 2004 and December 2015.

Long-term follow-up reveals high incidence of colorectal cancer in Indian patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: As the magnitude of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) in India is low, magnitude of CRC in ulcerative colitis (UC) is also considered low. As a result, screening for CRC in UC although advocated may not be followed everywhere. We report our data of UC-related CRC from a low-incidence area of sporadic CRC.

Low dose oral curcumin is not effective in induction of remission in mild to moderate ulcerative colitis: Results from a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial.

Aim: To evaluate the role of oral curcumin in inducing clinical remission in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: A prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial comparing the remission inducing effect of oral curcumin and mesalamine 2.4 g with placebo and mesalamine 2.

Evaluating clinical, dietary, and psychological risk factors for relapse of ulcerative colitis in clinical, endoscopic, and histological remission.

Background And Aim: The literature on possible factors that could trigger a relapse in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical, endoscopic, and histological remission on long-term follow up is scarce. To determine the relapse rate in patients with UC in clinical, endoscopic, and histological remission and identify factors that may influence the risk of relapse.

Methods: Patients with UC in clinical, endoscopic, and histological remission were enrolled between January and July 2010 and followed up for 1 year to determine the effect of clinical, dietary, and psychological factors on relapse.

Long-Term Disease Course and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Indian Cohort Study.

Background: The literature on interaction between pregnancy and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is inconsistent, and there are no reports on this aspect from Asia. This study evaluated the impact both IBD and pregnancy have on each other in a large cohort of Indian patients.

Methods: In total, 514 females with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) aged between 18 and 45 years attending IBD clinic, at our institute, from July 2004 to July 2013 were screened, and patients with data on pregnancy status were included (n = 406).

Role of random biopsies in surveillance of dysplasia in ulcerative colitis patients with high risk of colorectal cancer.

Background/aims: Recent data suggest that the incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) related colorectal cancer (CRC) in India is similar to that of West. The optimum method for surveillance is still a debate. Surveillance with random biopsies has been the standard of care, but is a tedious process.

Sclerosing mesenteric panniculitis in a young patient : common cause of diagnostic dilemma and treatment refractoriness.

Background: Sclerosing mesenteric panniculitis (SMP) is an idiopathic chronic fibroinflammatory disorder of the intra-abdominal fat.

Case Presentation: Herin, we report a case of SMP, involving the omentum, mesentery and peri-colic fat in a 18 year old male, who presented with significant and recurrent abdominal distension for 4.5 years.

Prevalence and Association of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis with Disease Course in Patients with Ulcero-Constrictive Ileocolonic Disease.

Background: Association of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and Crohn's disease (CD) has been controversial due to contradictory reports. Therefore, we determined the prevalence of MAP in patients with CD and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and its association with clinical course.

Methodology: Blood and intestinal biopsies were taken from 69 CD, 32 ITB patients and 41 patients with haemorrhoidal bleed who served as controls.

Computerized tomography-based predictive model for differentiation of Crohn's disease from intestinal tuberculosis.

Background: Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and Crohn's disease (CD) have clinical, radiological, endoscopic, and histological resemblance. There is paucity of literature regarding differentiation of CD and ITB based on radiology using computed tomography (CT).

Aims: The present study was designed to compare CT features of ITB and CD and develop a predictive model to differentiate ITB and CD.

Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal tuberculosis: Frequency and relation with disease phenotype.

Background: Extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), as well as intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) from Asia, are underreported. We, therefore, describe the prevalence of EIMs in Indian IBD and ITB patients and study their relationship with disease extent and severity in IBD.

Methods: This retrospective single-center study included all IBD and ITB patients evaluated from January 2005 to July 2012.