Non-invasive, fast, and high-performance EGFR gene mutation prediction method based on deep transfer learning and model stacking for patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: To propose an intelligent, non-invasive, highly precise, and rapid method to predict the mutation status of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) to accelerate treatment with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) for patients with untreated adenocarcinoma Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Materials And Methods: Real-world data from 521 patients with adenocarcinoma NSCLC who performed a CT scan and underwent surgery or pathological biopsy to determine EGFR gene mutation between January 2021 and July 2022, is collected. Solutions to the problems that prevent the model from achieving very high precision, namely: human errors made during the annotation of the database and the low precision of the output decision of the model, are proposed.

Tubercular cerebellitis, identified through an expansive process: A case report.

Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis is a postprimary form of tuberculosis with high mortality and morbidity rates, even with early diagnosis and treatment. Focal tuberculous cerebritis is extremely rare, typically occurring in patients without AIDS, and often associated with tuberculous meningitis. In endemic regions, it should be a primary consideration when encountering cerebral anomalies suggestive of granulomatous conditions.

Pes anserine bursitis as a complication of tibial osteochondroma.

Exostosis, or osteochondroma, represents the most prevalent primary benign bone tumor, often viewed as a developmental anomaly rather than a true neoplasm. This article presents 2 cases illustrating complications associated with tibial osteochondroma. The first case involves a 25-year-old patient with recurrent medial knee pain attributed to pes anserine bursitis secondary to tibial osteochondroma, managed successfully with surgical excision.

Ileal intussusception secondary to lipoma in an adult patient: A rare cause for intestinal obstruction: A case report.

Intussusception is a rare condition in adults, unlike in children, with a variety of etiologies. In most cases, it is secondary to tumors. acute intussusception on lipoma is very exceptional.

Cerebellar liponeurocytoma: Rare posterior fossa tumor.

Cerebellar liponeurocytoma is a rare WHO grade II glioneuronal tumor, characterized by a benign course and a more favorable prognosis. In this paper, we report a 52-year-old man, hospitalized in emergency because of clinical signs of increased intracranial pressure, and gait disturbances. The MRI revealed a lateral well shaped solid lesion within the left cerebellar hemisphere, having a low signal intensity compared to the cerebrospinal fluid, and causing a triventicular hydrocephalus and tonsillar herniation.

Intramyocardial hydatid cyst revealed with ischemic stroke due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction: A case report.

Cardiac echinococcosis, although rare, presents a range of clinical manifestations depending on the cyst's location within the heart. These manifestations can range from asymptomatic conditions to serious complications such as arrhythmias, valvular dysfunction, cardiac tamponade, heart failure, shock, or even death. This case report describes the unusual presentation of a young man with an intramyocardial hydatid cyst, which was incidentally discovered following an ischemic stroke.

Using imaging to diagnose renal tumors beyond nephroblastoma.

Wilm's tumor (WT) accounted for the vast majority of renal tumors in children (92%). However, there are many atypical or rare forms of kidney cancer, and it is certainly useful to have a diagnostic orientation in imaging to differentiate between the different diagnoses, guiding that way the therapeutic management. We report the cases of 3 patients who were initially diagnosed with nephroblastoma on the basis of radiological data (via PACS search), underwent pre-operative chemotherapy and then nephrectomy, and whose anatomopathological evidence came back in favor of benign renal tumors.

Lipoma arborescens of the knee: A case report.

Lipoma arborescens is a rare and benign intra-articular lesion characterized by a lipomatous proliferation of the synovial membrane, usually affects the knee joint. It presents as an unusual cause of intermittent knee pain and joint effusion. We report a case of lipoma arborescens of the knee in a 23-year-old man that initially resembled inflammatory arthropathy.

Crack lung with toxic cerebral vasculitis: Case report.

Crack is the most potent form of cocaine. It directly affects lungs if inhaled and the damage may include barotrauma, acute pulmonary edema, alveolar hemorrhage, bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia, or vasculitis. The diagnosis of cocaine-related lung damage is based on clinical symptoms and radiological findings.

Synchronous congenital malignant rhabdoid tumor of the orbit and cerebellar atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor: Case report.

Malignant rhabdoid tumor is an uncommon pediatric tumor that often arises from the kidneys but can also develop in other soft tissues including the orbits, where it is known as atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor. Orbital location is exceptional, with just a few reported cases. Imaging allows for an accurate diagnosis, but histological confirmation is required.

A case of ovarian endometrial stromal sarcoma: Radiological and histopathological findings.

Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is an uncommon uterine mesenchymal neoplasm. The primary extra-uterine location of ESS is a very rare occurrence. We present a case of a 39-year-old woman presented with severe abdominal pain, MRI showed bilateral ovarian tumors with heterogeneous intensity on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), with restricted diffusion, including hyperintense areas on T1WI, not erased on T1-weighted fat-suppressed imaging, hypointense on T2WI, and not enhanced after contrast.

Neglected trauma-induced testicular torsion: Clinical, sonographic, and surgical correlation in a 13-year-old adolescent.

Post-traumatic testicular torsion is a rare condition, accounting for approximately 4%-8% of all reported cases of testicular torsion in the literature. Prompt clinical suspicion and intervention are crucial; as testicular torsion is considered a medical and surgical emergency that may lead to testicular necrosis. Ultrasound imaging plays an important role in assessing the integrity of the traumatized scrotum and facilitating early detection of associated testicular torsion.

Unusual intracystic papilloma arising from ectopic axillary breast tissue: Case report.

Accessory breast tissue (supernumerary breast tissue) is due to the absence of regression of the primitive milk lines during embryonic life which extends from the axilla to the groin. It is mostly located in the axilla where it is often confused with the axillary extension of the breast, or any pathological process occurring in armpits. Ectopic mammary glands should not be misdiagnosed as it can potentially undergo the same pathological processes that occur in a normally located breast including benign or malignant breast tumors.

Incidental finding of undiagnosed aortic coarctation in an elderly patient with a rare association with thymic carcinoma: a case report with review of the literature.

Aortic coarctation is a congenital malformation that is relatively prevalent, occurring in approximately 5 out of every 1000 births. The narrowing typically happens at the aortic isthmus between the left subclavian artery and the arterial ligament. It is frequently associated with a bicuspid aortic valve.

Hydatid pulmonary embolism underlying cardiac hydatid cysts - A case report.

Cystic hydatidosis is an endemic parasitic disease with usual localization in liver and lungs. Rarely it localizes in uncommon sites, the right ventricle being an exceptional localization. We present an extremely rare case of a young man with hydatid pulmonary embolism complicating right-ventricle hydatid cysts.

Mediastinal and pericardial hydatidosis: A case report with review of the literature.

Hydatidosis is an echinococcosis caused by the development of Echinococcus granulosus larvae in humans. The lung is the second most frequent site after the liver. The primary mediastinal and pericardial localisations are extremely rare.

Lumbar puncture as a cause of tension pneumocephalus, pneumorrachis, and sacral meningocele infection leading to death: An extremely rare case report.

Although it was first described over 100 years ago, lumbar puncture is still an important diagnostic tool for a variety of infectious and noninfectious neurologic conditions. With the widespread use of this common and relatively safe performed medical procedure, minor and major complications can occur even when standard infection control measures and good techniques are used, including post lumbar puncture headaches, infection, bleeding, cerebral herniation, radicular pain, and even pneumocephalus in extremely rare cases. We describe a previously unreported complication of lumbar puncture performed for the diagnosis of meningitis in a 33-year-old woman with no medical history causing pneumorrachis, tension pneumocephalus, and sacral meningocele infection leading to death.

Unusual case of urothelial carcinoma disguised as xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and causing reno-colic fistula: Case report and review of literature.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare and aggressive form of chronic pyelonephritis, it can occur at all age groups but is more common in women than in men, supposedly relating to the increased incidence of urinary tract infections and chronic nephrolithiasis in woman. Computed tomography (CT) findings are very helpful in making the correct diagnosis, but the definitive diagnosis is still based on histology, as there are many differential diagnoses such as renal cell carcinoma and renal tuberculosis. The complications of this type of pyelonephritis are due to the involvement of adjacent organs.

Early hepatocellular carcinoma developed within dysplastic nodule as nodule-within-nodule appearance: Case report with literature review.

Close follow-up of patients with liver cirrhosis has led to increased detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at an early stage, especially with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) innovations. We report the case of a 70-year-old man, with a recent history of liver cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and for whom trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) was planned, as the patient was assigned Child B7 at admission. Angiography performed during the first TACE cycle shows not only the "tumor blush" corresponding to previously detected HCC but also an additional small foci of HCC uptake seen within a large dysplastic nodule giving the appearance of "nodule-within-nodule.

Recurrent stroke in young adults caused by atypical fibromuscular carotid dysplasia.

Background: Carotid Web and focal carotid diaphragm are atypical fibromuscular dysplasia. The bilateral stroke due to this dysplasia is extremely rare. We will report a series of three young patients, admitted for a bilateral ischemic stroke caused by carotid bulb web and internal carotid diaphragm.

Sigmoid lipoma as an exceptional cause of intussusception and bowel obstruction in adults: A case report and review of literature.

Acute intestinal intussusception in adults is a rare condition, most often secondary to an organic lesion (tumor or inflammation), representing 1%-5% of intestinal obstructions. Pure colic intussusception on lipoma rectal causing bowel obstruction is an exceptional situation. A 60-year-old man presented to the emergency department for acute abdominal pain with marked abdominal distention and red rectal bleeding.

A rare case of sphenoid giant cell tumor: Case report & review of imaging features post short-term denosumab treatment.

Giant cell tumors (GCTs) are locally aggressive but rarely malignant bone neoplasms that uncommonly involve the skull. In this report, we describe a tumor of the sphenoid sinus. A 51-year-old female was presented with headache, and bilateral decreased visual acuity, CT scan, and brain MRI revealed an infra-sellar enhancing tumor expanding to the sellar and supra-sellar region which proved to be a GCT.