Obsessive-compulsive disorders and anxiety disorders: A comparison of personality and emotionality patterns.

Even though obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) and anxiety disorders (AD) have been separated in the taxonomy adopted by the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, many issues remain concerning the physiopathological similarities and differences between those categories. Our objective was therefore to explore and compare their personality and emotional features, with the assumption that the distinction of two independent spectrums should imply the existence of two partially distinct temperamental profiles. We used the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R) and the Positive and Negative Emotionality (PNE) scale to compare two groups of patients with OCD (n=227) or AD (n=827).

Transcranial cortical stimulation in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorders: efficacy studies.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are non-invasive brain stimulation methods that became widely used as therapeutic tools during the past two decades especially in cases of depression and schizophrenia. Low frequency rTMS and cathodal effect of tDCS inhibits cortical functioning while high frequency and anodal effect of tDCS have the opposite effect. Prolonged and repetitive application of either methods leads to changes in excitability of the human cortex that outlast the period of stimulation.

Open-label treatment with escitalopram in patients with social anxiety disorder and fear of blushing.

Fear of blushing (FB) is a form of social anxiety disorder (SAD) characterized by an intense and obsessive threat of blushing in front of other people. No data are available on the specific efficacy of antidepressants on FB. This open-label pilot study investigated whether the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram specifically improves symptoms of FB in SAD patients.

Gaze behaviour in social blushers.

Gaze aversion could be a central component of social phobia. Fear of blushing is a symptom of social anxiety disorder (SAD) but is not yet described as a specific diagnosis in psychiatric classifications. Our research consists of comparing gaze aversion in SAD participants with or without fear of blushing in front of pictures of different emotional faces using an eye tracker.

Is there a place for fear of blushing in social anxiety spectrum?

Background: Fear of blushing (FB) in front of other people is a frequent and potentially incapacitating problem, but is not yet described as a specific diagnosis in psychiatric classifications. This can be explained by a lack of comparative studies with other forms of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Our aim was thus to explore the specificity of FB in patients with SAD.

Gaze avoidance in social phobia: objective measure and correlates.

Gaze aversion could be a central component of the physiopathology of social phobia. The emotions of the people interacting with a person with social phobia seem to model this gaze aversion. Our research consists of testing gaze aversion in subjects with social phobia compared to control subjects in different emotional faces of men and women using an eye tracker.

Repair of a type IV laryngotracheoesophageal cleft with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Laryngotracheoesophageal clefts (LTECs) are rare congenital defects of variable severity depending on the extent of malformation. Management of a complete LTEC represents a major surgical and anesthetic challenge. The main problems are achieving adequate operative exposure and maintaining ventilatory support during and after the operation.

Hearing preservation mastoidectomy in otogenic meningitis secondary to an enlarged vestibular aqueduct. Case report.

In pyogenic meningitis resulting from a life-threatening ear infection, mastoidectomy is performed as part of the management of the disorder. A dilemma arises when the active ear is the only hearing ear. An active unsafe ear can lead to sensorineural hearing loss whereas ear surgery carries the risk of inner ear damage.

Primary pediatric neuroblastic tumors of the neck.

Neuroblastic tumors are the third most common cause of solid tumors in early childhood. Cervical tumors account for only 5% of cases. In this report, we describe a series of four pediatric neuroblastic tumors of the neck.

[Sternocleidomastroid inflammatory pseudotumors of muscle in children].

Patients And Methods: The files of 12 children presenting with a sternocleidomastoid tumor of infancy at the Timone Children's Hospital in Marseille between 1990 and 1999 were retrospectively studied. All of them underwent physical and ultrasonographic examination.

Results: The mass was firm, within the lower two-thirds of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Middle turbinate medialization technique in functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

The middle turbinate is an important surgical landmark in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Postoperatively, lateralization may obstruct the middle meatus, thereby increasing the risk of complications and recurrences. A new medialization technique using metallic clips between the head of the middle turbinate and the septum is described.