Structural characterization and emulsification properties of quinoa protein-dextran conjugates fabricated through ultrasound-assisted Maillard reaction.

In this study, quinoa protein was grafted by dextran with varying molecular weights via the Maillard reaction, subjected to different ultrasound powers. Structural analysis revealed that dextran covalently bonded to the 11S globulin and B subunits of quinoa protein, causing the ordered structures transformed into β-turn and random coil. Among the conjugates, the one prepared with 40 kDa dextran at 200 W ultrasound power exhibited optimal modification effects, achieving a grafting degree of 28.

Effect of different ultrasound powers on the stability of native/thermally denatured myofibrillar protein-inulin emulsion.

The study examined the stability of emulsions made from native and thermally denatured myofibrillar proteins with inulin, using ultrasound treatments ranging from 200 to 800 W. After ultrasound treatment, the droplet size decreased, especially the particle size of MPs-600 W-inulin emulsion reached 1 μm. In addition, by measuring the oxidation stability of oil, it was found that ultrasound could inhibit emulsion oxidation, and the PV of MPs-600 W droplets reached 5.

A portable photoelectrochemical aptasensor based on voltage-resolved dual-signal output for the determination of chloramphenicol.

Developing a ratiometric photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor that can produce cathode-anode dual photocurrent signals is still a great challenge. Herein, we report a novel portable voltage-resolved ratiometric PEC aptasensor for the determination of chloramphenicol (CAP) with a digital multimeter (DMM) and voltage and current signal generator (VCSG) readout. Ru(bpy)-BiOBr heterojunction was employed as the only photoactive material, which is switched between type II and Z - scheme by varying the bias voltage (+0.

Waste iron shavings to advance anaerobic treatment of acidic poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) wastewater in submerged anaerobic membrane reactor.

The wastewater generated during the synthesis of biodegradable plastics, namely poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), is greatly acidic and contains various toxic pollutants. Adding waste iron shavings (WIS) into the submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor to construct the coupled reactor (WIS-Reactor) holds promise for improving the treatment efficiency of acidic PBAT wastewater. The results showed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) removal efficiencies of WIS-Reactor were increased by 2.

Functionalized membrane assembled by iron-based two-dimensional Fenton-like catalyst for ultra-efficient water decontamination: Mechanism and application insights.

The design of functionalized membrane-coupled Fenton-like catalysis processes is pivotal for wastewater treatment, providing a promising strategy to enhance peroxide activation and degrade organic contaminants. Herein, a functionalized membrane based on FeO nanosheets (FeO NS) was designed, featuring a densely stacked structure with highly exposed reactive sites, creating an optimal environment for efficient Fenton-like catalysis. The FeO NS membrane achieved nearly complete degradation of target contaminants at a flux of 289.

Characteristics of microplastics in typical poultry farms and the association of environment microplastics colonized-microbiota, waterfowl gut microbiota, and antibiotic resistance genes.

Microplastics (MPs) pollution is a growing global environmental concern. MPs serve as ecological niches for microbial communities, which may accelerate the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), posing risks to the breeding industry. While studies on MPs in aquatic organisms are common, research on farmed poultry is limited.

Fluorescent sensor array for rapid bacterial identification using antimicrobial peptide-functionalized gold nanoclusters and machine learning.

Bacterial infectious diseases pose significant challenges to public health, emphasizing the need for rapid and accurate diagnostic tools. Here, we introduced a multichannel fluorescent sensor array based on antimicrobial peptide-functionalized gold nanoclusters (AMP-AuNCs) designed for precise bacterial identification. By utilizing the unique electrostatic and hydrophobic properties of three AMP-AuNCs, this sensor array generated distinct fluorescence patterns upon binding to different bacterial species.

Influence of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Voxel Size on the Accuracy of Periodontal Ligament Surface Area Measurements.

Objective: Accurate assessment of the periodontal ligament (PDL) is critical for developing effective treatment plans in periodontics, orthodontics, prosthodontics, and maxillofacial surgical. This study aimed to investigate the influence of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) voxel size (0.3 and 0.

Genetically Engineered Stromal Cell Exosomes from High-Throughput Herringbone Microfluidics.

Stromal cell-derived exosomes have demonstrated their value in the field of biomedical engineering. However, the low production and specific requirements of different diseases limited the practical efficacy of these exosomes and restricted their wider applications. Here, we presented a method to culture genetically engineered mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) that overexpressed the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in microfluidics and harvest mass HGF overexpressed exosomes for wound healing.

Targeting GOLPH3L improves glioblastoma radiotherapy by regulating STING-NLRP3-mediated tumor immune microenvironment reprogramming.

Radiotherapy (RT) has been the standard-of-care treatment for patients with glioblastoma (GBM); however, the clinical effectiveness is hindered by therapeutic resistance. Here, we demonstrated that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) exhibited immunosuppressive properties and high expression of Golgi phosphoprotein 3 like (GOLPH3L) in RT-resistant GBM. Our study showed that GOLPH3L interacted with stimulator of interferon genes (STING) at the aspartic acid residue 184 in Golgi after RT, leading to coat protein complex II-mediated retrograde transport of STING from Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting pandemic GII.4 variants or seven GII genotypes of human norovirus.

Human norovirus causes more than 700 million illnesses annually. Extensive genetic diversity and a paucity of information on conserved neutralizing epitopes pose major obstacles to the design of broadly protective norovirus immunogens. Here, we used high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-driven proteomics to quantitatively characterize the circulating serum IgG repertoire before and after immunization with an experimental monovalent norovirus GII.

An antidepressant mechanism underlying the allosteric inhibition of GluN2D-incorporated NMDA receptors at GABAergic interneurons.

-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), key excitatory ion channels, have gained attention as anti-depression targets. NMDARs consist of two GluN1 and two GluN2 subunits (2A-2D), which determine their pharmacological properties. Few compounds selectively targeting GluN2 subunits with antidepressant effects have been identified.

Differential regulation of BAX and BAK apoptotic activity revealed by small molecules.

Defective apoptosis mediated by B cell lymphoma 2 antagonist/killer (BAK) or B cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein (BAX) underlies various pathologies including autoimmune and degenerative conditions. On mitochondria, voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) interacts with BAK and BAX through a common interface to inhibit BAK or to facilitate BAX apoptotic activity. We identified a small molecule (WEHI-3773) that inhibits interaction between VDAC2 and BAK or BAX revealing contrasting effects on their apoptotic activity.

GPR132 regulates the function of NK cells through the Gαs/CSK/ZAP70/NF-κB signaling pathway as a potential immune checkpoint.

As a member of the proton-sensing GPCR receptors, GPR132 plays a crucial role in regulating immune cell functions, but the mechanism by which GPR132 affects natural killer (NK) cells has not yet been reported. Here, RNA-seq displayed that the expression of GPR132 was reduced in activated NK cells, and the proportion of mature NK cells in GPR132 mice was substantially increased compared to WT mice, with stronger anti-melanoma capabilities. Further investigation indicates that GPR132-deficient NK92 cells expressed more GzmB and IFN-γ and exhibited stronger cytotoxicity.

Polysaccharides Extracted from Old Stalks of L. Improve Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver by Increasing the Gut Butyric Acid Content and Improving Gut Barrier Function.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranks among the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide, yet effective treatments remain scarce. Old stalks of L. are rich in polysaccharides.

Class-Agnostic Repetitive Action Counting Using Wearable Devices.

We present Class-agnostic Repetitive action Counting (CaRaCount), a novel approach to count repetitive human actions in the wild using wearable devices time series data. CaRaCount is the first few-shot class-agnostic method, being able to count repetitions of any action class with only a short exemplar data sequence containing a few examples from the action class of interest. To develop and evaluate this method, we collect a large-scale time series dataset of repetitive human actions in various context, containing smartwatch data from 10 subjects performing 50 different activities.

Oil-Dispersible Nickel Hexacyanoferrate Nanoparticles as Counter Electrode Materials for Polymer Electrochromic Devices.

Counter electrodes are one of the crucial parts for obtaining high-performance electrochromic devices, though their research is still scarce. In this work, a Prussian blue analog, nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF), was synthesized via a coprecipitation method, and the dispersion of the derived NiHCF nanoparticles was improved by surface treatment with oleylamine to induce good film-forming properties. The spray-coated NiHCF films demonstrate good redox behavior and high transmittance in the visible and near-infrared bands, which can meet the requirements of electrochromic devices (ECDs) as the counter electrode layer.

Factors Associated With Aborted Whipple Procedures for Periampullary Carcinoma: A Multicenter Case-Control Study by the SAR Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Disease Focus Panel.

A number of patients with periampullary carcinoma deemed resectable on preoperative CT have their curative-intent surgery aborted on the basis of intraoperative findings. This study sought to identify imaging and clinical factors associated with aborted curative-intent Whipple procedures for periampullary adenocarcinoma. Ten U.

One-Month-Old Rabbits Exhibit a Longer Postoperative Remodeling in Extraocular Muscles Compared to 3-Month-Old Rabbits.

Purpose: To explore whether there is a difference in postoperative extraocular muscle (EOM) remodeling between 1-month-old and 3-month-old rabbits.

Methods: Recession (n = 16) and resection (n = 16) were performed on the right superior rectus (SR) muscles of 1-month-old and 3-month-old rabbits. SR tissues were harvested 1 and 4 weeks post-surgery (n = 4 for each group), and mid-belly sections were used to assess myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression (fast 2X, embryonic, and neonatal MyHCs), activated satellite cells (SCs), and centrally nucleated myofibers.

STING Deficiency Promotes Th17-Like Tfh to Aggravate the Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the underlying mechanism that Th17-like T follicular helper cells (Tfh) orchestrated by STING signaling have a pathogenic role in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).

Methods: The differences of transcriptome and gene ontology (GO) pathway of Tfh between EAU and control mice were analyzed by single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA sequence. Additionally, draining lymph nodes (DLNs) were extracted to verify the expression of IL-17A and IFN-γ in Tfh from EAU and control mice by flow cytometry.

Food Insecurity and Clinical Outcomes in Surgical Trauma Patients.

Importance: Food insecurity, which is the lack of consistent access to sufficient and nutritious food, impacts over 1.3 billion individuals worldwide. The impact of food insecurity on primary care and medical subspecialties is recognized, but its influence on surgical outcomes remains underexplored.

CCDC134 enhances ovarian reserve function and angiogenesis by directly interacting with INHA in a mouse model of premature ovarian insufficiency.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a multifactorial condition characterized by diminished ovarian function, granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis, and impaired ovarian angiogenesis, leading to infertility and long-term health complications. Despite its prevalence, effective therapeutic targets for POI remain limited. This study investigates the role of CCDC134 in maintaining ovarian reserve and promoting angiogenesis and its interaction with INHA in a mouse model of POI.

The neuroprotective power of artificial liver therapy: reversing cognitive impairment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

Alteration of functional connectivity in brain regions is one of the potential neuropathological mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Artificial liver therapy has been shown to improve cognitive impairment in patients, suggesting a potential neuroprotective effect on the brain. This study investigates the impact of artificial liver therapy (AL) on cognitive impairment in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) by examining alterations in brain functional connectivity.

Evaluating fusion models for predicting occult lymph node metastasis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: This study evaluated and compared the effectiveness of various predictive models for forecasting occult lymph node metastasis (LNM) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) patients.

Methods: In this retrospective diagnostic experiment, 268 patients were recruited from three medical centers. Based on the different hospitals from which the patients were recruited, they were divided into a training set, an internal testing set, and two external testing sets, comprising 107, 53, 63, and 45 patients, respectively.