Akkermansia muciniphila Modulates Central Nervous System Autoimmune Response and Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting Hippocampal NLRP3-Mediated Neuroinflammation.

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated the significant role of Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) in enhancing host immune responses and metabolic functions. However, its increased presence in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients has led to a focus on the relationships between A.

[The HMGB1, caspase-1 and gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis in high-altitude retinopathy: an experimental study].

To investigate the role of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), cysteine aspartic protease 1 (caspase-1) and gasdermin D in the pathogenesis of high altitude retinopathy (HAR). This study is an experimental research. Twelve 8- to 10-week-old male c57BL/6J mice without a specific pathogen grade were randomly divided into the HAR group (HAR model) and control group (normal pressure and oxygen environment) according to the random number table method.

[Research progress of pathogenesis and treatment of persistent airflow limitation asthma].

Persistent airflow limitation (PAL) asthma is a clinical phenotype of asthma, which has more severe symptoms, more difficult to control and worse prognosis than ordinary asthma. At present, there is still a lack of full understanding of the intrinsic mechanism of PAL asthma. It is mainly believed that the pathogenesis of PAL asthma is related to airway inflammation, airway remodeling and lung parenchyma remodeling.

[An analysis of clinical and genetic feature in pulmonary artery sarcoma].

To retrospectively analyze the clinical, imaging, pathological and genetic features in patients with pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) in a single center, and to investigate the disease origin of PAS, as well as its relationship with other pulmonary vascular diseases. We retrospectively identified and analyzed clinical features of 13 cases with PAS those were admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between January 2015 and January 2021. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to further analyze their genetic characteristics in 8 postoperative specimens.

Simultaneous Determination of Hormones in Botanical Dietary Supplements With Supramolecular Solvent-Based Extraction by HPLC-MS/MS.

Dietary supplements typically contain either natural products or synthetic chemicals. While botanical dietary supplements are often thought to be more natural and safer, they could still contain potentially harmful ingredients. Despite the detection of sex hormones in plants and soil, it is still worth examining if products made from plants contain them.

What are the symptom trajectories of self-regulatory fatigue among family caregivers of stroke survivors? A protocol of mixed-methods study in Chinese rehabilitation settings.

Introduction: Stroke presents a considerable burden not only to patients but also to their families and society at large. In many instances, stroke patients opt for home rehabilitation, relying on family caregivers for daily assistance. This dynamic significantly influences the physiological, psychological and social well-being of these caregivers.

PD-1 promotes tumor evasion via deregulating CD8 T cell function.

Background: The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is an immune checkpoint that mediates immune evasion of tumors. Alternative splicing (AS) such as intron retention (IR) plays a crucial role in the immune-related gene processing and its function. However, it is not clear whether encoding PD-1 exists as an IR splicing isoform and what underlying function of such isoform plays in tumor evasion.

Analysis of early risk factors of death in preterm infants treated with iNO: a national multicentre retrospective study.

Objective: To analyse early risk factors for mortality in preterm infants treated with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in China.

Design: A retrospective observational case-control study.

Setting: 8 tertiary hospitals in 5 regions of China.

Neural correlates of memory deficits in premanifest -repeat expansions.

Background: The premanifest stage in carriers of hexanucleotide repeat expansions in the gene (C9RE) is associated with memory impairment. The present study examines whether the impairment is general across domains or disproportionately affects specific stimulus categories such as socioemotional events, and its underlying functional neuroanatomy.

Methods: This task-based fMRI-study included 21 premanifest C9RE (preC9RE) carriers and 24 controls.

Polarization Imaging Method for Detection of Lung Cancer Based on Symmetrical Single LCVR.

Lung cancer ranks among the three most prevalent cancers worldwide. Polarization imaging technology can effectively distinguish between cancerous and normal tissues. The most commonly applied method for cancer detection is the dual-rotating wave plate polarization imaging system (DWRPIS), which is cumbersome and prone to significant error due to 60 mechanical rotations.

Interfacial engineered biomass-derived G/VMT-PCNCs networks as high-performance proton-conducting humidity sensors.

In this study, a novel proton-conducting film was strategically engineered by interfacial manipulation of green and sustainable biomass resources guanine and phosphorylated cellulose nanocrystals (PCNCs) within vermiculite layers. The interfacial engineering approach involved regulation of molecular interactions at the vermiculite-organic interface, whereby PCNCs were incorporated into the interlayers of guanine/vermiculite composites. This interfacial assembly process guided guanine to form tubular structures or ultrathin nanosheets architectures, enabling the fabrication of guanine/vermiculite-PCNCs (G/VMT-PCNCs) composite films with an active-site-rich and tightly interconnected network via a vacuum-assisted process.

Preparation and antibacterial properties of benzisothiazolinone quaternized chitosan derivatives for sustainable fuel preservation.

1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one (BIT) has strong antibacterial activity, but its water insolubility and skin toxicity effects hinder its application in the antibacterial domain of the fuel system. In this study, benzisothiazolinone quaternized chitosan derivative (HACCBIT) was synthesized by intercalated quaternized chitosan with 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one-based anions (BIT-COO-) via ion-exchange reactions. HACCBIT exhibits enhanced aqueous solubility and remarkable biocompatibility.

Ultralight multifunctional aerogels with in situ enhanced chitosan networks at micro-/macroscale for super-efficiency electromagnetic metastructure absorbers.

Concurrently achieving lightweight, multifunctionality, excellent environmental adaptability, and broadband microwave absorption represents the inevitable trend in the development of microwave absorbing materials. Herein, an ultralight, elastic, multifunctional chitosan-based aerogel enhanced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon fibers (CF) at micro-/macroscale is reported, and its super-efficiency microwave absorption is realized by the electromagnetic metastructure absorbers (EMAs) design. The resulting CF-C/C aerogel demonstrates ultra-low shrinkage (6.

Safety of combined long-acting injectable cabotegravir and long-acting injectable rilpivirine in virologically suppressed adolescents with HIV (IMPAACT 2017/MOCHA): a phase 1/2, multicentre, open-label, non-comparative, dose-finding study.

Background: Long-acting cabotegravir and long-acting rilpivirine constitute a completely intramuscular antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen for adults with HIV. We aimed to assess the safety, antiviral activity, and pharmacokinetics of oral cabotegravir and rilpivirine followed by a combination of long-acting cabotegravir and long-acting rilpivirine in virologically suppressed adolescents with HIV.

Methods: The IMPAACT 2017/MOCHA study is a phase 1/2, multicentre, open-label, non-comparative, dose-finding trial being conducted at 18 sites across Botswana, South Africa, Thailand, Uganda, and the USA.

Degradation of thiamphenicol by La-FeO/DBD/HCP synergistic catalytic system.

In this study, a highly efficient La-FeO/dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)/honeycomb ceramic plate synergistic catalytic system was successfully constructed by using modified iron oxide (FeO) catalyst coating assisted DBD plasma, and the prepared catalytic coating was fully characterized by various techniques. The results indicate that the lanthanum (La) is efficiently and uniformly doped in FeO, and the modified La-FeO catalyst exhibited a better photocatalytic performance. The overuse of Thiamphenicol (TAP), as a typical chloramphenicol antibiotic, has led to its accumulation in the aquatic environment.

Paternal bisphenol A exposure alters craniofacial cartilage development in rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) descendants.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a recognized estrogenic endocrine disruptor that poses a threat to the reproductive health of fish. However, it remains unclear whether and how paternal BPA exposure can lead to developmental toxicity in offspring. To explore the potential paternal BPA exposure impacts on craniofacial cartilage growth in offspring, male rare minnows were subjected to BPA and subsequently mated with normal females to produce progeny.

Traffic-related heavy metals exposure with serum uric acid and hyperuricemia in general Chinese urban adults: Roles of systemic inflammation.

The health effects of traffic-derived pollutants have gathered increasing concerns. Our objectives were to evaluate the associations of traffic-related heavy metal exposure with serum uric acid (SUA) and hyperuricemia and to explore the underlying mechanism. Traffic-related heavy metals (including zinc, iron, manganese, copper, lead, cadmium, antimony, and barium) and SUA were determined among 3909 community-based adults from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort.

Surface modification of high Cu-loaded activated carbon fiber adsorbent by air plasma.

The ACF adsorbent with high Cu loading was treated with dielectric barrier discharge plasma to mitigate the negative effects of high Cu loading and enhance PH and HS adsorption and oxidation. Bruno-Emmett-Taylor (BET) result showed that the specific surface area of the adsorbent after air plasma modification was almost three times that before modification. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) findings revealed that the amino group was added to the adsorbent's surface, increasing lattice oxygen and chemisorbed oxygen.

Performance and mechanism of enhanced phosphorus release and volatile fatty acid production from Fe-P sludge via co-fermenting with agricultural wastes.

Anaerobic fermentation is an efficient method to extract phosphorus from excess sludge, thereby facilitating its recovery and mitigating the phosphorus resource shortage. However, the prevalent metal-bound phosphorus species within sludge was difficult to release into the fermentation liquor. To address this, this study evaluated the enhanced phosphorus release performance from sludge containing iron-phosphorus compounds (Fe-P) via co-fermenting it with agriculture wastes.

Influence pathways of vanadium stress to microbial community in soil-tailings-groundwater systems.

The large-scale exploitation of vanadium (V) bearing minerals has led to a massive accumulation of V tailings, of which V pollution poses severe ecological risks. Although the mechanisms of V stress to the microbial community have been reported, the influential pathways in a multi-medium-containing system, for example, the soil-tailings-groundwater system, are unknown. The dynamic redox conditions and substance exchange within the system exhibited complex V stress on the local microbial communities.

Ferrihydrite/B, N co-doped biochar composites enhancing tetracycline degradation: The crucial role of boron incorporation in Fe(III) reduction and oxygen activation.

Harnessing the redox potential of biochar to activate airborne O for contaminant removal is challenging. In this study, ferrihydrite (Fh) modified the boron (B), nitrogen (N) co-doped biochars (BCs) composites (Fh/B(n)NC) were developed for enhancing the degradation of a model pollutant, tetracycline (TC), merely by airborne O. Fh/B(3)NC showed excellent O activation activity for efficient TC degradation with a apparent TC degradation rate of 5.

Seasonal distribution patterns of P-cycling-related microbes and its association with internal phosphorus release in the eutrophic Lake Chaohu, China.

Understanding the coupling relationships among lake physicochemical properties, internal nutrient recycling, and related microbes is key for the control of freshwater eutrophication. In this study, seasonal variations in microorganisms at the sediment-water interface (SWI) of the eutrophic Lake Chaohu in China were analyzed, in order to reveal changes in phosphorus (P)-cycling-related microbes in the sediments and its association with internal P release during the cyanobacterial life cycle. The identified P-cycling-related microbes include phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) (dominant of Bacillus, Thiobacillus and Acinetobacter), sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) (dominant of Sva0081_ sediment_ group, norank_ c__ Thermodesulfovibrionia and Desulfatiglans) and iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) (dominant of Geothermobacter, Anaeromyxobacter, Thermoanaerobaculum and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1).

Simultaneous determination of peroxydisulfate and bisulfite concentrations with quenching-agent-assisted iodometry.

Fenton/Fenton-like reactions have gained popularity for their remarkable proficiency in decomposing organic pollutants, especially when enhanced by reductants addition for accelerating the Fe regeneration. Nevertheless, these works predominantly centered on the formation and utilization of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) in the process, neglecting the evolution of oxidant and reductant due to the difficulty in the simultaneous determination of these two components. By employing the quenching-iodometric method, we could simultaneously determine the concentrations of HSO and peroxydisulfate (PDS).

Cotransport of Thallium(I) and kaolinite colloids in quartz sand media containing sodium humate: Ionic strength, pH and kaolinite colloid concentration.

In real soil environments, humus, colloids and other components significantly affect pollutant migration behavior. Investigating Tl(I) and kaolinite colloids' cotransport in quartz sand media containing sodium humate (HA-Na) is vital for comprehending Tl(I) migration underground. This study examined the migration of Tl(I) and kaolinite colloids across varying pH levels (5, 7), ionic strengths (ISs) (1, 5, 50 mmol/L), and kaolinite colloid concentrations.