Surfactin inhibits enterococcal biofilm formation via interference with pilus and exopolysaccharide biosynthesis.

Enterococcus faecalis is a significant pathogen in healthcare settings and is frequently resistant to multiple antibiotics. This resistance is compounded by its ability to form biofilms, dense bacterial communities that are challenging to eliminate via standard antibiotic therapies. As such, targeting biofilm formation is considered a viable strategy for addressing these infections.

The efficiency of endocardial suture occlusion of the left atrial appendage at a single institution: MICs vs. sternotomy.

Background: Most thrombi originate from the left atrial appendage (LAA), preventing thromboembolic stroke is an important aspect of stroke prevention. Previous studies have found that LAA closure is beneficial for preventing thrombosis. Currently, surgical procedures can achieve LAA closure by closing the endocardium or epicardium.

X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy: characterization and therapy testing in a zebrafish model.

X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy (XMEA), a rare childhood-onset autophagic vacuolar myopathy caused by mutations in VMA21, is characterized by proximal muscle weakness and progressive vacuolation. VMA21 encodes a protein chaperone of the vacuolar hydrogen ion ATPase, the loss of which leads to lysosomal neutralization and impaired function. At present, there is an incomplete understanding of XMEA, its mechanisms, consequences on other systems, and therapeutic strategies.

Tripartite motif-containing protein 26 promotes colorectal cancer growth by inactivating p53.

Tripartite motif-containing protein 26 (TRIM26) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that exhibits divergent roles in various cancer types (oncogenic and anti-oncogenic). This study investigates the interaction of TRIM26 with the tumor suppressor protein p53 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by performing a comprehensive set of biochemical, cell-based assays, and xenograft experiments. As a result, we found that overexpression of TRIM26 significantly enhances CRC cell proliferation and colony formation, while knockdown of TRIM26 suppresses these processes.

Suzi Daotan Decoction alleviates asthmatic airway remodeling through the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Suzi Daotan Decoction (SZDTD), recorded in the "New Edition of the Sasang of Eastern Medicine", serves as a prominent formula for managing asthma in Shao-Yin individuals in Korean traditional medicine. This prescription demonstrates clinical efficacy in asthma treatment and is associated with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Nonetheless, the precise underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood.

Comprehensive analysis of lipid metabolic signatures identified CEBPD promotes breast cancer cell proliferation.

Breast cancer (BRCA) remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with lipid metabolism emerging as a critical factor in tumor progression that influences cell proliferation, migration, and immune response. Insights into lipid metabolism signatures and associated genes may offer new prognostic and therapeutic avenues. In this study, we leveraged scRNA-seq and bulk transcriptome data to assess the expression patterns and prognostic significance of lipid metabolism-related genes in BRCA.

Pan-cancer analysis reveals SMARCAL1 expression is associated with immune cell infiltration and poor prognosis in various cancers.

Although immune checkpoint inhibition in particular has shown promise in cancer immunotherapy, it is not always efficient. Recent studies suggest that SMARCAL1 may play a role in tumor immune evasion, yet its pan-cancer role is unclear. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of SMARCAL1 using TCGA, GTEx, and CCLE databases, evaluating its expression, genetic alterations, epigenetic modifications, and their clinical correlations across 33 cancer types.

Spleen volume in relation to ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease: a Mendelian randomization study.

Prior research has established the significance of spleen volume (SV) in the pathogenesis and advancement of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Nevertheless, these investigations are predominantly observational, thereby leaving their causal associations ambiguous. Moreover, the breadth of existing research is constrained by various uncontrollable variables in clinical settings.

Creation of a eukaryotic multiplexed site-specific inversion system and its application for metabolic engineering.

The site-specific recombination system is a versatile tool in genome engineering, enabling controlled DNA inversion or deletion at specific sites to generate genetic diversity. The multiplexed inversion system, which preferentially facilitates inversion at reverse-oriented sites rather than deletion at same-oriented sites, has not been found in eukaryotes. Here, we establish a multiplexed site-specific inversion system, Rci51-5/multi-sfxa101, in yeast.

Association between METS-IR index and obstructive sleep apnea: evidence from NHANES.

Insulin resistance (IR) is strongly associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Whereas, few studies have focused on the potential association between the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR), a novel non-insulin-dependent IR index, and OSA. Subjects from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2005-2008 and 2015-2018 were recruited.

Historical loss weakens competitive behavior by remodeling ventral hippocampal dynamics.

Competitive interactions are pervasive within biological populations, where individuals engage in fierce disputes over vital resources for survival. Before the establishment of a social hierarchy within the population, this competition becomes even more intense. Historical experiences of competition significantly influence the competitive performance; individuals with a history of persistent loss are less likely to initiate attacks or win escalated contests.

Identification of splenic IRF7 as a nanotherapy target for tele-conditioning myocardial reperfusion injury.

The sequestration of nanoparticles by mononuclear phagocyte system is a challenge for the use of nanotherapy for treating cardiovascular diseases due to the conventionally perceived loss of therapeutic potency. Here, we revitalize cardiovascular nanotherapy by unlocking an alternative route in which nanomedicines are redirected to the spleen, leveraging its potential as a highly efficient and targeted site for remote conditioning, or tele-conditioning myocardial reperfusion injury. The theoretical foundation underpinning is the splenogenic nature of recruited monocytes upon myocardial reperfusion in the acute stage, which is confirmed through murine heterotopic spleen transplantation.

Early detection of Parkinson's disease through multiplex blood and urine biomarkers prior to clinical diagnosis.

Blood and urine biomarkers are commonly used to diagnose and monitor chronic diseases. We initially screened 67 biomarkers, including 4 urine biomarkers and 63 blood biomarkers, and identified 13 blood biomarkers significantly associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Among these, we discovered three novel markers demonstrating strong associations: phosphate (P = 1.

Maternal PRDM10 activates essential genes for oocyte-to-embryo transition.

PR/SET domain-containing (PRDM) proteins are metazoan-specific transcriptional regulators that play diverse roles in mammalian development and disease. Several members such as PRDM1, PRDM14 and PRDM9, have been implicated in germ cell specification and homoeostasis and are essential to fertility-related processes. Others, such as PRDM14, PRDM15 and PRDM10 play a role in early embryogenesis and embryonic stem cell maintenance.

Alzheimer's disease with depression: clinical characteristics and potential mechanisms involving orexin and brain atrophy.

This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and alteration of orexinergic level in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the volumes of brain grey and white matters, and investigate the roles of orexinergic level on the association between brain atrophy and depression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. The demographic variables of 156 participants were collected. Orexinergic level in CSF and the volumes of brain grey and white matters were evaluated.

Verification of Pain-Related Neuromodulation Mechanisms of Calcitonin in Knee Osteoarthritis.

Chronic pain represents the prevailing symptom among patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis (KOA). In KOA, peripheral sensitization is driven by disruptions in subchondral bone homeostasis, local inflammatory responses, and variations in neuropeptide and neurotransmitter levels. Calcitonin, a pivotal peptide involved in bone metabolism, additionally exhibits potent analgesic properties.

Perinatal mental illness in Ontario (2007-2021): A population-based repeated cross-sectional surveillance study.

Objective: Perinatal mental illness can negatively impact pregnant and postpartum women and gender-diverse birthing persons, their children, and families. This study aimed to describe population-level trends in perinatal mental health service use, including outpatient and acute care contacts, to guide decisions about investments in evidence-based treatment.

Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional population-based surveillance study in Ontario, Canada, we measured monthly rates of mental health service use for perinatal people (conception to 1 year postpartum) from January 2007 to December 2021.

A meta-analysis of perioperative, oncological, and functional outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for completely endophytic and hilar lesions.

Background: This study aims to compare the perioperative, functional, and oncological outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy in complex renal masses (CRM) with non-CRM tumors.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases, following the PRISMA guidelines. The studies comparing RAPN outcomes between complex renal masses (CRM), specifically completely endophytic and hilar renal tumors, versus non-complex renal masses (non-CRM), which include non-endophytic, and non-hilar renal tumors.

SfMDiffusion: self-supervised monocular depth estimation in endoscopy based on diffusion models.

Purpose: In laparoscopic surgery, accurate 3D reconstruction from endoscopic video is crucial for effective image-guided techniques. Current methods for monocular depth estimation (MDE) face challenges in complex surgical scenes, including limited training data, specular reflections, and varying illumination conditions.

Methods: We propose SfMDiffusion, a novel diffusion-based self-supervised framework for MDE.

Health beliefs mediates the association between the number of non-communicable diseases and preventive behaviors in middle-aged and older adults in southern China.

Background: The triadic relationship among the number of NCDs, preventive behaviors and health beliefs has not been fully explored, especially the role of health beliefs.

Aims: To explore the association between the number of NCDs and preventive behaviors, as well as the mediating effect of health beliefs and its dimensions among middle-aged and older adults. Provide scientific evidence for developing targeted behavior intervention.

Altered resting-state functional connectivity of amygdala subregions in adults with subthreshold depression after aerobic exercise.

Aerobic exercise has been proved to reduce the risk of major depression in subthreshold depression (StD) individuals effectively, yet previous studies ignored the different functions of amygdala subregions. In this study, 44 StD individuals and 34 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging before and after eight weeks of aerobic exercise respectively. Transverse and longitudinal analyses were conducted based on the seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis between amygdala subregions and the whole brain of the two groups.

Rapid determination of malachite green in fish by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy combined with MIL-100 (Fe).

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was combined with stoichiometric analysis to synthesize a AuNPs@MIL-100 (Fe) SERS substrate. This high-performance, and low-cost metal-organic framework-based SERS nano sensor is capable of detecting malachite green (MG) residues in fish. The minimum detectable  concentration of MG in standard solutions is 0.

ImmunoPET imaging of Trop2 expression in triple-negative breast cancer using [Cu]Cu-NOTA-Trodelvy-F(ab').

Purpose: The Trop2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) sacituzumab govitecan (Trodelvy) has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). ImmunoPET imaging offers a noninvasive method to visualize the expression and distribution of target antigens in vivo. In this study, we developed F(ab') fragments of Trodelvy for immunoPET imaging to detect Trop2 expression in TNBC models, aiming to achieve a shorter imaging window.

Multifunctional Janus-Coated Metafabric for Personal Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficient Buildings.

Space cooling and heating consume huge energy resources globally, while existing cooling/heating equipment can only address indoor temperature control. In this work, we report a multifunctional layered Janus-coated fabric (JCF) with radiative cooling/solar heating/Joule heating, which can utilize space and the sun as a source of cooling and heating. By adjusting the reflectivity, emissivity, and absorptivity of the coating, the fabric performs a thermal management function in a complex and changeable environment without consuming energy.