Functional involvement of caleosin/peroxygenase PdPXG4 in the accumulation of date palm leaf lipid droplets after exposure to dioxins.

Dioxins are highly injurious environmental pollutants with proven toxicological effects on both animals and humans, but to date their effects on plants still need to be studied in detail. We identified a dioxin-inducible caleosin/peroxygenase isoform, PdPXG4, that is mostly expressed in leaves of date palm seedlings and exhibits a specific reductase activity towards the 13-hydroperoxide of C18:2 and C18:3 (HpODE and HpOTrE, respectively). After exposure to TCDD, lipid droplets (LDs) isolated from TCDD-exposed leaves were about 6.

Exposure of NRRL 3357 to the Environmental Toxin, 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorinated Dibenzo--Dioxin, Results in a Hyper Aflatoxicogenic Phenotype: A Possible Role for Caleosin/Peroxygenase (AfPXG).

Aflatoxins (AFs) as potent food contaminants are highly detrimental to human and animal health. The production of such biological toxins is influenced by environmental factors including pollutants, such as dioxins. Here, we report the biological feedback of an active AF-producer strain of upon exposure to the most toxic congener of dioxins, the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo--dioxin (TCDD).

The cytochrome P450 of Bacillus megaterium A14K is induced by 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin: Biophysical, molecular and biochemical determinants.

The current study describes biological changes in Bacillus megaterium A14K cells growing in the presence of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the most potent congener of dioxins. The results indicate that the metabolizing of 2,3,7,8-TCDD by BmA14K was accompanied with a novel morphological and biophysical profile typified by the growth of single cells with high levels of biosurfactant production, surface hydrophobicity and cell membrane permeability. Moreover, the TCDD-grown bacteria exhibited a specific fatty acid profile characterized by low ratios of branched/straight chain fatty acids (BCFAs/SCFAs) and saturated/unsaturated fatty acids (SFAs/USFAs) with a specific "signature" due to the presence of branched chain unsaturated fatty acids (BCUFAs).

Identification of a dioxin-responsive oxylipin signature in roots of date palm: involvement of a 9-hydroperoxide fatty acid reductase, caleosin/peroxygenase PdPXG2.

Dioxins are highly hazardous pollutants that have well characterized impacts on both animal and human health. However, the biological effects of dioxins on plants have yet to be described in detail. Here we describe a dioxin-inducible caleosin/peroxygenase isoform, PdPXG2, that is mainly expressed in the apical zone of date palm roots and specifically reduces 9-hydroperoxide fatty acids.

The Peroxygenase Activity of the Caleosin, AfPXG, Modulates the Biosynthesis of Aflatoxins and Their Trafficking and Extracellular Secretion via Lipid Droplets.

Aflatoxins (AF) are highly detrimental to human and animal health. We recently demonstrated that the caleosin, AfPXG, had peroxygenase activity and mediated fungal development and AF accumulation. We now report the characterization of an -deficient line using reference strain NRRL3357.

Arabidopsis plants exposed to dioxin result in a WRINKLED seed phenotype due to 20S proteasomal degradation of WRI1.

Dioxins are highly toxic persistent organic pollutants bioaccumulated by both plants and animals that cause severe developmental abnormalities in humans. We investigated the effects of dioxins on seed development in Arabidopsis. Plants were exposed to various concentrations of the most toxic congener of dioxins, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and the effects on seed development were analysed in-depth at transcriptome, proteome and metabolome levels.

Biochemical, Molecular, and Transcriptional Highlights of the Biosynthesis of an Effective Biosurfactant Produced by PHA3, a Petroleum-Dwelling Bacteria.

Petroleum crude oil (PCO)-dwelling microorganisms have exceptional biological capabilities to tolerate the toxicity of petroleum contaminants and are therefore promising emulsifier and/or degraders of PCO. This study describes a set of PCO-inhabiting bacterial species, one of which, identified as PHA3, produces an efficient biosurfactant which was characterized as a glycolipid. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, nuclear magnetic resonance, Thin layer chromatography, HPLC, and GC-MS analysis of the purified biosurfactant revealed that the extracted molecule under investigation is likely a mannolipid molecule with a hydrophilic part as mannose and a hydrophobic part as hexadecanoic acid (C16:0).

Specific Caleosin/Peroxygenase and Lipoxygenase Activities Are Tissue-Differentially Expressed in Date Palm ( L.) Seedlings and Are Further Induced Following Exposure to the Toxin 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.

Two caleosin/peroxygenase isoforms from date palm, L., PdCLO2 and PdCLO4, were characterized with respect to their tissue expression, subcellular localization, and oxylipin pathway substrate specificities in developing seedlings. Both PdCLO2 and PdCLO4 had peroxygenase activities that peaked at the mid-stage (radicle length of 2.

Biochemical, Transcriptional, and Bioinformatic Analysis of Lipid Droplets from Seeds of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and Their Use as Potent Sequestration Agents against the Toxic Pollutant, 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxin.

Contamination of aquatic environments with dioxins, the most toxic group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), is a major ecological issue. Dioxins are highly lipophilic and bioaccumulate in fatty tissues of marine organisms used for seafood where they constitute a potential risk for human health. Lipid droplets (LDs) purified from date palm, Phoenix dactylifera, seeds were characterized and their capacity to extract dioxins from aquatic systems was assessed.

Differential tissue accumulation of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin in Arabidopsis thaliana affects plant chronology, lipid metabolism and seed yield.

Background: Dioxins are one of the most toxic groups of persistent organic pollutants. Their biotransmission through the food chain constitutes a potential risk for human health. Plants as principal actors in the food chain can play a determinant role in removing dioxins from the environment.

A Caleosin-Like Protein with Peroxygenase Activity Mediates Aspergillus flavus Development, Aflatoxin Accumulation, and Seed Infection.

Caleosins are a small family of calcium-binding proteins endowed with peroxygenase activity in plants. Caleosin-like genes are present in fungi; however, their functions have not been reported yet. In this work, we identify a plant caleosin-like protein in Aspergillus flavus that is highly expressed during the early stages of spore germination.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae SHSY detoxifies petroleum n-alkanes by an induced CYP52A58 and an enhanced order in cell surface hydrophobicity.

Environmental hydrocarbon contamination has a serious hazard to human health. Alkanes, the major component of hydrocarbons, can be consumed by various species of yeast. We previously identified a new strain SHSY of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a remarkable ability to utilize the petroleum crude-oil (PCO) in aqueous solution.

Traceability of polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins/furans pollutants in soil and their ecotoxicological effects on genetics, functions and composition of bacterial community.

Dioxins (PCDD/Fs) are persistent organic pollutants. Their accumulation in soil is a crucial step in their transmission through the ecosystem. Traceability of dioxin in soil was evaluated in four sites A, B, C and D considered as potential industrial PCDD/Fs sources in Syria.

Phytotoxicity effects and biological responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin exposure.

Dioxins are persistent organic pollutants. Their bioaccumulation in the food chain makes dioxins a considerable risk for human health. The use of plants for removing toxic organic compounds, including dioxins, is a safe and efficient strategy.

Removal of petroleum-crude oil from aqueous solution by Saccharomyces cerevisiae SHSY strain necessitates at least an inducible CYP450ALK homolog gene.

Petroleum crude-oil (PCO) components are known to be mutagenic or carcinogenic, and their contamination in soil and aquifer is of great environmental concern. PCO could be degraded by bacteria, fungi, and yeast. In yeast, the family CYP52 (P450ALKs) of Cytochrome P450 was described as n-alkane-degrading enzymes.