polymorphism, haematological parameters, and severe malaria in Senegalese patients.

Background: Host factors, including host genetic variation, have been shown to influence the outcome of infection. Genome-wide linkage studies have mapped mild malaria resistance genes on chromosome 6p21, whereas polymorphism (rs2736191) lying within this region was found to be associated with mild malaria.

Methods: Blood samples were taken from 188 malaria patients (76 mild malaria patients, 85 cerebral malaria patients, and 27 severe non-cerebral malaria patients).

Relationship between Antibody Levels, IgG Binding to Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes, and Disease Outcome in Hospitalized Urban Malaria Patients from Dakar, Sénégal.

Background. Management of clinical malaria requires the development of reliable diagnostic methods and efficient biomarkers for follow-up of patients. Protection is partly based on IgG responses to parasite antigens exposed at the surface of infected erythrocytes (iRBCs).

Cytokine response during non-cerebral and cerebral malaria: evidence of a failure to control inflammation as a cause of death in African adults.

Background. With 214 million cases and 438,000 deaths in 2015, malaria remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases in tropical countries. Several species of the protozoan Plasmodium cause malaria.

Inflammatory cytokine and humoral responses to Plasmodium falciparum glycosylphosphatidylinositols correlates with malaria immunity and pathogenesis.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs) of Plasmodium falciparum contribute to malaria pathogenesis and hence, the naturally acquired anti-GPI antibody thought to provide protection against severe malaria (SM) by neutralizing the stimulatory activity of GPIs. In previous studies, the anti-GPI antibody levels increased with age in parallel with the development of acquired immunity, and high levels of anti-GPI antibodies were associated with mild malaria (MM) cases. In the present study, the relationship between the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-GPI IgG antibody responses, parasitemia, and the clinical outcomes were evaluated in SM and mild malaria (MM) patients.