Strong Lensing by Galaxies.

Strong gravitational lensing at the galaxy scale is a valuable tool for various applications in astrophysics and cosmology. Some of the primary uses of galaxy-scale lensing are to study elliptical galaxies' mass structure and evolution, constrain the stellar initial mass function, and measure cosmological parameters. Since the discovery of the first galaxy-scale lens in the 1980s, this field has made significant advancements in data quality and modeling techniques.

Is the antidepressant effect of ketamine separate from its psychotomimetic effect? A review of rodent models.

Ketamine is an NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) glutamate receptor antagonist, which has a myriad of dose-dependent pharmacological and behavioral effects, including anesthetic, sedative, amnestic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Intriguingly, ketamine at subanesthetic doses displays a relevant profile both in mimicking symptoms of schizophrenia and also as the first fast-acting treatment for depression. Here, we present an overview of the state-of-the-art knowledge about ketamine as an antidepressant as well as a pharmacological model of schizophrenia in animal models and human participants.

SMARCB1/INI1-deficient undifferentiated tumour of the thorax: a case report and review of the literature.

The 5th WHO classification of thoracic tumours includes thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumour (SMARCA4-UT) among the "other epithelial tumours of the lung" chapter. Herein, we present a case of undifferentiated thoracic neoplasm with retention of SMARCA4 expression, lack of NUT fusion protein and loss of SMARCB1/INI1 expression. After presenting the clinical and pathological features of the tumour, we carried out a review of the literature on the same topic.

Activity of osimeRTInib in non-small-cell lung Cancer with UNcommon epidermal growth factor receptor mutations: retrospective Observational multicenter study (ARTICUNO).

Background: Osimertinib represents the standard of care for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring classical epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, constituting 80%-90% of all EGFR alterations. In the remaining cases, an assorted group of uncommon alterations of EGFR (uEGFR) can be detected, which confer variable sensitivity to previous generations of EGFR inhibitors, overall with lower therapeutic activity. Data on osimertinib in this setting are limited and strongly warranted.

Biphenotypic lung carcinoma with coexpression of TTF-1 and ΔNP63/P40 within most of the same individual cells: a further case confirming poor prognosis and a review of literature.

The WHO Classification of Tumors, Thoracic Tumors, 5th edition, has outlined the use of TTF-1 and ΔNP63/P40 to discriminate between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. In 2015, the first description of a rare non-small cell lung carcinoma featuring co-expression of glandular and squamous differentiation within most of the same individual tumor cells was reported on, with ultrastructural and molecular demonstration of such a biphenotypic differentiation. We herein describe an additional case of this rare tumor entity, which is confirmed to be an aggressive neoplasm despite potential targets of therapy.

Flexitarians in Brazil: Who are they, what do they eat, and why?

In this study, we conducted the first scientific investigation focusing on Brazilian flexitarians, aiming to characterize their socio-economic and demographic profiles, motivations for adopting flexitarianism, the frequency of animal-based meat consumption, and the primary meat substitutes they consume. To accomplish this, we distributed an online questionnaire with the assistance of university students and researchers from various regions of the country. Data were collected from 1029 individuals in Brazil who self-identified as flexitarians.

Faecal Microbiota Characterisation of Living in a Controlled Environment.

Intestinal bacteria establish a specific relationship with the host animal, which causes the acquisition of gut microbiota with a unique composition classified as the enterotype. As the name suggests, the Red River Hog is a wild member of the pig family living in Africa, in particular through the West and Central African rainforest. To date, very few studies have analysed the gut microbiota of Red River Hogs (RRHs) both housed under controlled conditions and in wild habitats.

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with del(6)(p22) and Atypical bcr2 PML::RARA Fusion Transcript: A Case Report.

More than 95% of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) are characterized by the reciprocal translocation t(15;17)(q24;21), which involves the promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) gene on chromosome 15 and the retinoic acid receptor-α (RARA) gene on chromosome 17, leading to the production of the PML::RARA chimeric gene. Additional chromosomal abnormalities are described in all acute myeloid leukemias and occur in approximately one-third of patients with newly diagnosed APL. Here, we report the case of de novo APL showing the classical t(15;17)(q24;q21), a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 6 (6p), and a noncanonical molecular variant of the PML::RARA transcript.

COVID-19's impact on type 1 diabetes management: A mixed-methods study exploring the Peruvian experience.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted health services, especially in low-and-middle-income countries, where care for chronic conditions such as diabetes was disrupted. Our study aims to describe the challenges faced by people living with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) to access care during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru.

Methods: A sequential explanatory mixed-method study was conducted between May and September 2020 including health professionals involved in T1DM care, people with T1DM and their caregivers.

Artesunate and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine treatment failure in a severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria case imported from Republic of Côte d'Ivoire.

A 68-year-old man returning from Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) was diagnosed with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria and treated with intravenous artesunate followed by oral dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ). A month later the patient experienced a new P. falciparum episode; analysis of pfmsp-1 and pfmsp-2 revealed that the infection was caused by a genetic strain identical to the strain that caused the initial episode, indicating resurgence of the previous infection.

Cardiovascular risk among nursing workers: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: to assess cardiovascular risk among nursing workers at a public hospital.

Method: a cross-sectional study, with 324 nursing workers, using a questionnaire composed of two information blocks. The first covered issues related to sociodemographic and occupational and health characteristics, and the second, the Revised Framingham Risk Score (FRS), to stratify cardiovascular risk.

Dataset of numerical simulations for aeroelastic control of an aero engine compressor cascade using plasma actuators.

The dataset presented here regard the analysis reported in the research article entitled "Comparison of different plasma actuation strategies for aeroelastic control on a linear compressor cascade" De Giorgi et al. (2021) [1]. These data are related to the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) assessment of different plasma actuation strategies for the aeroelastic control of an aero engine compressor cascade in subsonic flow conditions.

Food frequency questionnaire for adults in the Brazilian Northeast region: emphasis on the level of food processing.

Objective: To develop a quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for adults in the Northeast region of Brazil, in order to identify the frequency of consumption of foods considered to be of protection and risk for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), grouping food items by processing level.

Methods: To develop the FFQ, data from 7,516 adults from Northeastern Brazil were used, extracted from the 2008-2009 Household Budget Survey. The food lists were elaborated according to the methodology of the relative contribution of each item, identifying foods with the highest relative contribution for macronutrients, fiber, saturated fat, trans fat, sodium and potassium.

Odontogenic fibroma amyloid-variant: a typical case and brief considerations about mimickers.

The World Health Organization's (WHO) updated classification of head and neck tumors (2017) defined odontogenic fibroma as a rare neoplasm. In this report, we describe an unusual, typical and rare variant of a central odontogenic fibroma with diffuse amyloid-like protein stromal deposition, and discuss the differential diagnosis with other entities. Radiographically, this lesion presented as a well-defined radiolucency of the mandible, partially cystic.

Quality of life and falls in elderly people: a mixed methods study.

Objective: to assess elderly people's quality of life, understanding the social representations of falls.

Methods: a convergent mixed methods research carried out at homes, with a sample of 134 elderly people. A structured questionnaire was used, covering sociodemographic variables and factors that indicated frailty and risk of falling.

Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the COVID-19 Main Endemic Focus: The Lombardy Experience.

In the era of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), concern has been raised for immunosuppressed patients, including children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We aimed to collect data from IBD tertiary centers of Lombardy during pandemic. A cross-sectional survey enrolling IBD children has been completed by seven major IBD centers in Lombardy during lockdown.

Antivirulence Properties of a Low-Molecular-Weight Quaternized Chitosan Derivative against .

The co-occurrence of increasing rates of resistance to current antibiotics and the paucity of novel antibiotics pose major challenges for the treatment of bacterial infections. In this scenario, treatments targeting bacterial virulence have gained considerable interest as they are expected to exert a weaker selection for resistance than conventional antibiotics. In a previous study, we demonstrated that a low-molecular-weight quaternized chitosan derivative, named QAL, displays antibiofilm activity against the major pathogen at subinhibitory concentrations.

BCR/ABL1 fluorescence hybridization fusion signals on both copies of chromosome 22 in a Philadelphia-masked chronic myeloid leukemia case: implication for the therapy.

The cytogenetic hallmark of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is the presence of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, which results from a reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11). In this report, we describe a CML patient with no evidence of Ph chromosome but trisomy of chromosome 8 as single cytogenetic abnormality and a typical e14a2 (b3a2) BCR-ABL1 fusion transcript. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis revealed an uncommon signal pattern: the fusion signals were located on both copies of chromosome 22.

as the Only Rhizobial Inhabitant of Mung Bean () Nodules in Tropical Soils: A Strategy Based on Microbiome for Improving Biological Nitrogen Fixation Using Bio-Products.

The mung bean has a great potential under tropical conditions given its high content of grain protein. Additionally, its ability to benefit from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) through association with native rhizobia inhabiting nodule microbiome provides most of the nitrogen independence on fertilizers. Soil microbial communities which are influenced by biogeographical factors and soil properties, represent a source of rhizobacteria capable of stimulating plant growth.

Rapid Ethnonutrition Assessment Method Is Useful to Prototype Dietary Assessments with a Focus on Local Biodiverse Food Plants.

Ethnonutrition is the study of diets in the context of food systems of different peoples and cultures. Its scope comprises native or local categories used to classify food, and also includes biodiverse food availability, local culinary techniques, seasonality, and cultural perceptions related to diet with nutritional implications. Here, we describe a method useful for gathering ethnonutrition data to design dietary interventions or assessments, the Rapid Ethnonutrition Assessment (REA).

[The dynamic of the supply of pediatric palliative care: a multiple case study].

The objective was to analyze the dynamic involving the supply of palliative care for eligible children from the perspective of health professionals and families. A qualitative exploratory multiple case study was performed. This was a cross-section of data from a thesis that evaluated care for hospitalized children who were eligible for palliative care.