Vestibular Syncope and Acute Peripheral Vestibular Deficit: A Case Report.

Vestibular syncope is a rare condition in which vertigo may cause syncopal attacks; however, the term has been associated with confusion because it has been ascribed to completely different vestibular and neurological conditions, from dizziness to Menière disease (MD), to the neurovegetative symptoms in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and central vertebrobasilar hyperfusion. A 75-year-old woman with vasodepressive vasovagal syncope, confirmed by a tilt test with trinitrine administration, was referred for an audiological and vestibular assessment showing an acute unilateral peripheral vestibular deficit on the right side. The diagnosis is peripheral acute vestibular deficits.

Tributyltin-induced visceral adiposity is associated with impaired redox balance in white adipose tissue of male rats.

Tributyltin (TBT) is an organotin compound that has several adverse health effects, including the development of obesity. Although obesity is strongly associated with adipose redox imbalance, there is a lack of information on whether TBT promotes a pro-oxidative environment in WAT. Thus, adult male Wistar rats were randomly exposed to either vehicle (ethanol 0.

Subacute administration of cilostazol modulates PLC-γ/PKC-α/p38/NF-kB pathway and plays vascular protective effects through eNOS activation in early stages of atherosclerosis development.

Aims: Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factor for development of cardiovascular disturbances, such as atherosclerosis, and its treatment remains challenging in modern medicine. Cilostazol is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 3 clinically prescribed for intermittent claudication treatment. Due to its pleiotropic properties, such as lipid lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, the therapeutic repurposing of cilostazol has become a strategic approach for atherosclerosis treatment.

Brazilian Amazon indigenous territories under deforestation pressure.

Studies showed that Brazilian Amazon indigenous territories (ITs) are efficient models for preserving forests by reducing deforestation, fires, and related carbon emissions. Considering the importance of ITs for conserving socio-environmental and cultural diversity and the recent climb in the Brazilian Amazon deforestation, we used official remote sensing datasets to analyze deforestation inside and outside indigenous territories within Brazil's Amazon biome during the 2013-2021 period. Deforestation has increased by 129% inside ITs since 2013, followed by an increase in illegal mining areas.

Extenders and cryosolutions for Grumata (Prochilodus vimboides) sperm preservation.

Background: Prochilodus vimboides populations are being reduced in rivers due to changes in their habitat, overfishing, urbanization, and pollution.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of sperm extender solutions for short-term storage and cryosolutions for freezing sperm of Prochilodus vimboides.

Materials And Methods: For short-term storage, the sperm was diluted in 0.

High quality epitaxial graphene on 4H-SiC by face-to-face growth in ultra-high vacuum.

Epitaxial graphene on SiC is the most promising substrate for the next generation 2D electronics, due to the possibility to fabricate 2D heterostructures directly on it, opening the door to the use of all technological processes developed for silicon electronics. To obtain a suitable material for large scale applications, it is essential to achieve perfect control of size, quality, growth rate and thickness. Here we show that this control on epitaxial graphene can be achieved by exploiting the face-to-face annealing of SiC in ultra-high vacuum.

Gummies candy enriched with Konjac glucomannan reduces hunger intensity and waist circumference of overweight individuals.

Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a herbal medicine with benefits in appetite control, body weight and biochemical parameters in overweight individuals. The objective of our work was to evaluate the effect of the consumption of gummy candy enriched with KGM on appetite, to evaluate anthropometric data, biochemical and oxidative stress markers in overweight individuals. Forty-two participants aged 18 to 45 years completed our randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Melatonin Supplementation for the Cryopreservation of Canine Sperm.

Antioxidants can be used in sperm cryopreservation protocols to reduce oxidative stress that occurs due to the cryopreservation process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of melatonin supplementation on quality and oxidative stress parameters in cryopreserved canine sperm. Eighteen sperm ejaculates were collected from 6 Frenchie Bulldog males (3 collections per male).

Influence of indoor airflow on particle spread of a single breath and cough in enclosures: Does opening a window really 'help'?

The spread of respiratory diseases via aerosol particles in indoor settings is of significant concern. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been found to spread widely in confined enclosures like hotels, hospitals, cruise ships, prisons, and churches. Particles exhaled from a person indoors can remain suspended long enough for increasing the opportunity for particles to spread spatially.

Analysis of botanicals and botanical supplements by LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking: Approaches for annotating plant metabolites and authentication.

Prior to the advent of modern medicine, humans have used botanicals extensively for their therapeutic potential. With the majority of newly approved drugs having their origins in natural products, plants remain at the forefront of drug discovery. Continued research and discovery necessitate the use of high-throughput analytical methods to screen and identify bioactive components and potential therapeutic molecules from plants.

Highly Sensitive NO Gas Sensors Based on MoS@MoO Magnetic Heterostructure.

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) materials and their heterostructures have attracted considerable attention in gas sensing applications. In this work, we synthesized 2D MoS@MoO heterostructures through post-sulfurization of α-MoO nanoribbons grown via vapor phase transport (VPT) and demonstrated highly sensitive NO gas sensors based on the hybrid heterostructures. The morphological, structural, and compositional properties of the MoS@MoO hybrids were studied by a combination of advanced characterization techniques revealing a core-shell structure with the coexistence of 2H-MoS multilayers and intermediate molybdenum oxysulfides on the surface of α-MoO.

Cilostazol attenuates cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation in hypercholesterolemic rats.

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic disease associated with pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative cardiovascular states. Cilostazol, a selective phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor (PDE3), is clinically used in the treatment of intermittent claudication and secondary prevention of cerebral infarction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of cilostazol and the molecular mechanisms involved in hypercholesterolemic rats.

Plasma-Induced Nanocrystalline Domain Engineering and Surface Passivation in Mesoporous Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films.

The synthesis of highly crystalline mesoporous materials is key to realizing high-performance chemical and biological sensors and optoelectronics. However, minimizing surface oxidation and enhancing the domain size without affecting the porous nanoarchitecture are daunting challenges. Herein, we report a hybrid technique that combines bottom-up electrochemical growth with top-down plasma treatment to produce mesoporous semiconductors with large crystalline domain sizes and excellent surface passivation.

Evaluation of the effects produced by subacute tributyltin administration on vascular reactivity of male wistar rats.

Tributyltin chloride (TBT) is an organotin compound widely used in several high biocides for agroindustrial applications, such as fungicides, and marine antifouling paints leading to endocrine disrupting actions, such as imposex development in mollusks. In female rats, TBT has been shown to promote ovarian dysfunction, reduction of estrogen protective effect in the vascular morphophysiology, at least in part by oxidative stress consequences. Estrogen causes coronary endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilation.

Effects of melatonin supplementation on the quality of cryopreserved sperm in the neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus.

The cryopreservation process causes damage to sperm structures and supplementation of the cryoprotective medium is an alternative to reduce these damages. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of melatonin supplementation on post-thaw sperm quality in Prochilodus lineatus. The cryoprotective medium was supplemented with 2.

Sperm characteristics, peroxidation lipid and antioxidant enzyme activity changes in milt of Brycon orbignyanus cryopreserved with melatonin in different freezing curves.

The objective of this study was to evaluate extender supplemented with melatonin and freezing curves on the antioxidant enzyme activity, peroxidation lipid and sperm characteristics of cryopreserved Brycon orbignyanus milt. Males (n = 16) and females (n = 5) were hormonally induced with two doses (0.5 mg and 5.

Sperm characterization and cryopreservation of the endangered freshwater fish Chirostoma estor (Atheriniformes).

The knowledge of the physiology of sperm of an endangered species allows the implantation of reproductive biotechnologies that aim at conservation. The aim of this study was to characterize fresh sperm and evaluate different cryopreservation solutions for sperm in Chirostoma estor. The characterization of Chirostoma estor fresh sperm (n = 22 males) was performed through analyzes of sperm concentration, membrane integrity, sperm morphology, motility rate, motility quality score, and motility duration.

Impact of Brazil Nut (, H.B.K.) Supplementation on Body Composition, Blood Pressure, and the Vascular Reactivity of Wistar Rats When Submitted to a Hypersodium Diet.

Endothelium integrity is a key that maintains vascular homeostasis but it can suffer irreversible damage by blood pressure changes, reflecting an imbalance in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa, H.B.

MoS/Epitaxial graphene layered electrodes for solid-state supercapacitors.

The potential of transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoS for energy storage has been significantly limited so far by the lack of conductivity and structural stability. Employing highly conductive, graphitic materials in combination with transition metal dichalcogenides can address this gap. Here, we explore the use of a layered electrode structure for solid-state supercapacitors, made of MoS and epitaxial graphene (EG) on cubic silicon carbide for on-silicon energy storage.

Could cilostazol be beneficial in COVID-19 treatment? Thinking about phosphodiesterase-3 as a therapeutic target.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has emerged and rapidly spread across the world. The COVID-19 severity is associated to viral pneumonia with additional extrapulmonary complications. Hyperinflammation, dysfunctional immune response and hypercoagulability state are associated to poor prognosis.

Covalent Graphene-MOF Hybrids for High-Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitors.

In this work, the covalent attachment of an amine functionalized metal-organic framework (UiO-66-NH  = Zr O (OH) (bdc-NH ) ; bdc-NH  = 2-amino-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) (UiO-Universitetet i Oslo) to the basal-plane of carboxylate functionalized graphene (graphene acid = GA) via amide bonds is reported. The resultant GA@UiO-66-NH hybrid displayed a large specific surface area, hierarchical pores and an interconnected conductive network. The electrochemical characterizations demonstrated that the hybrid GA@UiO-66-NH acts as an effective charge storing material with a capacitance of up to 651 F g , significantly higher than traditional graphene-based materials.

Photonic Fractal Metamaterials: A Metal-Semiconductor Platform with Enhanced Volatile-Compound Sensing Performance.

Advance of photonics media is restrained by the lack of structuring techniques for the 3D fabrication of active materials with long-range periodicity. A methodology is reported for the engineering of tunable resonant photonic media with thickness exceeding the plasmonic near-field enhancement region by more than two orders of magnitude. The media architecture consists of a stochastically ordered distribution of plasmonic nanocrystals in a fractal scaffold of high-index semiconductors.

Synthesis and characterization of WS/graphene/SiC van der Waals heterostructures via WO thin film sulfurization.

Van der Waals heterostructures of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and graphene have attracted keen scientific interest due to the complementary properties of the materials, which have wide reaching technological applications. Direct growth of uniform, large area TMDs on graphene substrates by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is limited by slow lateral growth rates, which result in a tendency for non-uniform multilayer growth. In this work, monolayer and few-layer WS was grown on epitaxial graphene on SiC by sulfurization of WO thin films deposited directly onto the substrate.

Inosine, an endogenous purine nucleoside, avoids early stages of atherosclerosis development associated to eNOS activation and p38 MAPK/NF-kB inhibition in rats.

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic disease, initiated by an endothelial dysfunction. Adenosine and its analogs can change a variety of inflammatory diseases and has shown important effects at different disease models. Inosine is a stable analogous of adenosine, but its effects in inflammatory diseases, like atherosclerosis, have not yet been studied.

Impact of activation solutions on fresh and frozen-thawed sperm motility and fertilization success for two species of migratory freshwater fishes.

Extracellular environment conditions, ionic concentration, pH, osmolality, and temperature influence sperm activation and sperm quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different activating solutions on sperm quality and fertilization rate of fresh and post-thaw sperm in Brycon orbignyanus and Prochilodus vimboides. Activation solutions with ions: NaCl, KCl, CaCl (150 mOsm kg), without ions: glucose (150 mOsm kg) and water: reverse osmosis (RO) (∼0 mOsm kg) and tank water (TW) were tested.