Usefulness of central radiologic review in clinical trials of children with hepatoblastoma.

Background: No previous research papers have reported a comparative survey of local radiologic diagnoses and central review in children with hepatoblastoma.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of central review of children with hepatoblastoma enrolled in a clinical trial.

Materials And Methods: The study included 91 children enrolled in a clinical trial conducted by the Japanese Study Group for Pediatric Liver Tumor.

MR Imaging Findings of Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma Related to Extracapsular Invasion and Prognosis.

Background And Purpose: MR imaging can reflect the pathologic progression of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA). This study aimed to identify the imaging findings related to extracapsular invasion of CXPA. Additionally, the pathologic background of these findings was investigated.

A case of COVID-19 with the atypical CT finding.

COVID-19 usually demonstrates the specific pattern of chest CT findings (GGO, inverted-halo sign, etc). However, some COVID-19 cases show atypical CT findings. Physicians should make comprehensive judgments.

Associations of three-dimensional T1 rho MR mapping and three-dimensional T2 mapping with macroscopic and histologic grading as a biomarker for early articular degeneration of knee cartilage.

T1 rho and T2 mapping are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to detect early degenerative changes in cartilage. Recent advancements have enabled 3D acquisition for both techniques. The objective of the present study was to examine the correlation of 3D T1 rho and 3D T2 mapping with macroscopic and histological characteristics of knee cartilage.

Basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland; MR features and differentiation from pleomorphic adenoma.

Objectives: Among the benign tumours of the parotid gland, basal cell adenoma (BCA) is far less common than pleomorphic adenoma (PA). MR features of BCA, including diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced study, have not been previously described. Assessment of the crucial MR features of BCA appears to offer beneficial clues for distinguishing BCA from PA.

Predictive factors for acetabular labral lesions in osteoarthritis of the hip with radial magnetic resonance imaging--a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To document the reliability of Abe's classification and to clarify the predictive factors for acetabular labral lesions in osteoarthritis of the hip with radial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Methods: Reliability trial for the classification of acetabular labral lesion was performed by six orthopedic surgeons, grading 20 radial MR images in a blinded fashion at an interval of 4-5 weeks. Radial MR images of 275 hips in 263 patients were prospectively analyzed to determine the relationship between acetabular labral lesions, their distribution, age, and the acetabular coverage.

Spirometric and radiological evaluation of the remnant lung long after major pulmonary resection: can compensatory phenomena be recognized in clinical cases?

Purposes: The purpose of this study was to investigate the compensatory phenomena after lung resection in clinical cases by evaluating the spirometric and radiological parameters.

Methods: Forty patients undergoing lobectomy for stage IA lung cancer were divided into the following groups: (A) patients with <10 (n = 20) and (B) patients with ≥10 resected subsegments (n = 20). Comparisons were made of the predicted and observed postoperative values of spirometry and radiological parameters, such as lung volumetry and the "estimated lung weight".

Fat suppression strategies in MR imaging of breast cancer at 3.0 T: comparison of the two-point Dixon technique and the frequency selective inversion method.

Purpose: To compare two fat suppression methods in contrast-enhanced MR imaging of breast cancer at 3.0 T: the two-point Dixon method and the frequency selective inversion method.

Materials And Methods: Forty female patients with breast cancer underwent contrast-enhanced three-dimensional T1-weighted MR imaging at 3.

Detection of adrenal veins on selective retrograde CT adrenal venography in comparison with digital subtraction angiography in subjects with established diagnosis of one-sided adrenal aldosterone-producing tumor confirmed by adrenal vein sampling, histopathology and clinical course.

Purpose: Adrenal vein (AV) sampling (AVS) is the diagnostic gold standard for primary aldosteronism (PA), but right-sided AVS is difficult. We compared detection of AVs by selective retrograde CT adrenal venography (SRCTAV) with digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

Materials And Methods: Data on 29 subjects (11 males, mean age 55 y) with increased serum aldosterone concentrations (SAC) and a diagnosed right or left aldosterone-producing tumor (APT) by AVS who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy were retrospectively analyzed.

[A case of inverted papilloma of the renal pelvis, associated with metachronous urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder].

The patient visited our hospital because of macrohematuria. Cystoscopical examination did not reveal any bladder tumors but a tumor shadow in the right renal pelvis was revealed by computed tomographic scan. Urothelial carcinoma was suspected and right nephroureterectomy was performed.

The incidence and significance of retropharyngeal lymph node metastases in hypopharyngeal cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence and clinical significance of retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal cancer.

Methods: Pretreatment computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance images of 152 patients treated between 1998 and 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. The prognostic significance of retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis for 116 patients who received definitive treatment was also analyzed.

Diffusion-weighted MRI as an adjunct to mammography in women under 50 years of age: an initial study.

Purpose: To evaluate diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (DW) imaging as an adjunct to mammography for the detection of small invasive breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board standards were followed for this retrospective study. We performed both breast DW imaging and mammography on 25 women under 50 years of age with pathologically proven T1 breast cancer and on 21 healthy women under 50 years of age.

Head and neck MRI of Kimura disease.

Objectives: The purpose of our study was to describe the MR appearance of Kimura disease and to interpret the differences in appearance from malignant parotid gland tumours.

Methods: MR studies of seven patients with Kimura disease were reviewed. The MR studies included T(1) weighted, T(2) weighted, short tau inversion-recovery, diffusion-weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging.

A pictorial review of benign hepatocellular nodular lesions: comprehensive radiological assessment incorporating the concept of anomalous portal tract syndrome.

Background/purpose: Although the pathological categorization system advocated by the International Working Party (IWP) on Terminology has been helpful in categorizing benign hepatocellular lesions, the diverse clinicopathological features of the lesions still cause confusion of diagnosis in clinical settings. Recently, an integrated disease concept termed "anomalous portal tract syndrome" (APTS) has been proposed as a congenital anomaly of the portal tract, being a single unifying etiological factor underlying the disorder. In this article, we discuss the radiological features of benign nodular hepatocellular lesions incorporated in the concept of APTS.

Intra- and extracranial solitary fibrous tumor of the trigeminal nerve: CT and MR imaging appearance.

We describe a rare case of SFT existing along the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve and extending down into the infratemporal fossa through the foramen ovale. The tumor showed heterogeneous hypointensity on T2-weighted images and marked enhancement on CT and MR images.

Dual-time point scanning of integrated FDG PET/CT for the evaluation of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed as operable by contrast-enhanced CT.

Purpose: To evaluate whether dual-time point scanning with integrated fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) is useful for evaluation of mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed as operable by contrast-enhanced CT.

Materials And Methods: PET/CT data and pathological findings of 560 nodal stations in 129 patients with pathologically proven non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed as operable by contrast-enhanced CT were reviewed retrospectively. Standardized uptake values (SUVs) on early scans (SUVe) 1h, and on delayed scans (SUVd) 2h after FDG injection of each nodal station were measured.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and interstitial lung disease in patients with lung cancer.

Background And Objective: Although lung cancer is frequently accompanied by COPD and interstitial lung disease (ILD), the precise coincidence of these diseases with lung cancer is not well understood. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of abnormal CT and spirometric findings suggestive of COPD or ILD in a population of patients with untreated lung cancer, and to estimate the lung cancer risk in this population.

Methods: The study population consisted of 256 patients with untreated lung cancer and 947 subjects participating in a CT screening programme for lung cancer.

Functional computed tomography imaging of tumor-induced angiogenesis: preliminary results of new tracer kinetic modeling using a computer discretization approach.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish functional computed tomography (CT) imaging as a method for assessing tumor-induced angiogenesis.

Materials And Methods: Functional CT imaging was mathematically analyzed for 14 renal cell carcinomas by means of two-compartment modeling using a computer-discretization approach. The model incorporated diffusible kinetics of contrast medium including leakage from the capillary to the extravascular compartment and back-flux to the capillary compartment.

MRI of chronic sclerosing sialoadenitis.

The purpose of our study was to describe the MR appearance of Kuttner's tumours and to interpret their differences in appearance from other submandibular gland tumours. MR studies of 7 Kuttner's, 8 malignant and 12 benign submandibular gland tumours were reviewed. MR sequences obtained included T(1) weighted, short inversion time inversion recovery (STIR), T(2) weighted, diffusion-weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR (dynamic MR) images.

Imaging findings of radiation-induced sarcoma of the head and neck.

We set out to retrospectively review the clinical and imaging features of patients with post-radiation sarcoma, especially in the head and neck region. We reviewed the records of 4194 patients with carcinoma of the head and neck region who had a history of radiation. They had undergone CT and/or MRI.

Comparison of endobronchial ultrasound, positron emission tomography, and CT for lymph node staging of lung cancer.

Study Objectives: To perform a prospective comparison of direct real-time endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA), positron emission tomography (PET), and thoracic CT for detection of mediastinal and hilar lymph node metastasis in patients with lung cancer considered for surgical resection.

Design: Prospective patient enrollment.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Trends in oncological CT imaging: clinical application of multidetector-row CT and 3D-CT imaging.

Computed tomography (CT) plays an essential role in oncological imaging as the modality of screening for malignancies, mapping out the treatment strategy at staging, assessing response to the treatment, and following up patient outcome after the treatment. The advent of multidetector-row CT (MDCT) has brought about dramatic changes in clinical oncological imaging. The very superior temporal and spatial resolution of MDCT has transformed CT imaging from a transaxial cross-sectional technique into an isotropic volume-imaging technique.

Hepatic metastases: diffusion-weighted sensitivity-encoding versus SPIO-enhanced MR imaging.

Purpose: To retrospectively compare accuracy of diffusion-weighted (DW) single-shot echo-planar imaging with sensitivity encoding (SENSE) with that of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the evaluation of hepatic metastases due to extrahepatic malignancies.

Materials And Methods: Patients provided informed consent; ethics committee approval was not required. The data of 24 patients (16 men, eight women; age range, 41-68 years; mean age, 61.