Various secretory phospholipase A2 enzymes are expressed in rheumatoid arthritis and augment prostaglandin production in cultured synovial cells.

Although group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) is known to be abundantly present in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), expression of other sPLA2s in this disease has remained unknown. In this study, we examined the expression and localization of six sPLA2s (groups IIA, IID, IIE, IIF, V and X) in human RA. Immunohistochemistry of RA sections revealed that sPLA2-IIA was generally located in synovial lining and sublining cells and cartilage chondrocytes, sPLA2-IID in lymph follicles and capillary endothelium, sPLA2-IIE in vascular smooth muscle cells, and sPLA2-V in interstitial fibroblasts.

Fibromuscular dysplasia of coronary arteries resulting in myocardial infarction associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Noonan's syndrome.

The first autopsy case of fibromuscular dysplasia in the coronary arteries associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Noonan's syndrome is reported. A 16-month-old female infant with no significant family history was diagnosed with Noonan's syndrome and subsequently died of cardiac and respiratory failure. Autopsy revealed cardiac hypertrophy, atrial septal defect, and scar lesions in the left ventricle and ventricular septum.

Cellular arachidonate-releasing function and inflammation-associated expression of group IIF secretory phospholipase A2.

Here we report the cellular arachidonate (AA)-releasing function of group IIF secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)-IIF), a sPLA(2) enzyme uniquely containing a longer C-terminal extension. sPLA(2)-IIF increased spontaneous and stimulus-dependent release of AA, which was supplied to downstream cyclooxygenases and 5-lipoxygenase for eicosanoid production. sPLA(2)-IIF also enhanced interleukin 1-stimulated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase.