First-line pembrolizumab for patients with early relapsing urothelial carcinoma after perioperative chemotherapy: a retrospective analysis of bladder cancer and upper urinary tract cancer.

Background: First-line pembrolizumab is available for recurrent disease within 12 months after the receipt of platinum-based perioperative chemotherapy. However, the benefit of first-line pembrolizumab is unclear. This study evaluated the oncological outcome of patients treated with pembrolizumab compared with chemotherapy as first-line therapy for early relapsing disease after the receipt of platinum-based perioperative chemotherapy.

Comparison of the Safety and Efficacy of Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate (PVP) and Transurethral Enucleation with a Bipolar System (TUEB): A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) and transurethral enucleation with a bipolar system (TUEB).

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent PVP or TUEB surgery for lower urinary tract symptoms due to bladder outlet obstruction at our institution from September 2015 to May 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 83 patients (PVP: n=45, TUEB: n=38) who were available for follow-up at least 12 months after surgery were included.

Daily salt intake is associated with leg edema and nocturnal urinary volume in elderly men.

Aims: There is accumulating evidence that excessive salt intake contributes to nocturnal polyuria. We aimed to investigate the relationship between salt intake, leg edema, and nocturnal urine volume (NUV) to assess the etiology of nocturnal polyuria.

Methods: A total of 56 men aged ≥60 years who were hospitalized for benign prostatic hyperplasia or with suspected prostatic cancer were enrolled.

Serious Hypokalemia Associated with Abiraterone Acetate in Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Introduction: The treatment strategy for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has changed with the approval of several new agents. In 2011, abiraterone acetate was approved for the treatment of metastatic CRPC; however abiraterone is known to cause mineralocorticoid excess syndrome characterized by hypokalemia, fluid retention, and hypertension. We experienced two cases of grade 4 hypokalemia associated with abiraterone treatment.

Increased Urine Production Due to Leg Fluid Displacement Reduces Hours of Undisturbed Sleep.

Objective: To investigate whether or not the leg fluid displacement observed when moving from the standing to recumbent position at bedtime reduces the hours of undisturbed sleep (HUS).

Methods: Men aged 50 years or older who were hospitalized for urological diseases were investigated. Body water evaluation was performed three times with a bioelectric impedance method: (i) 17:00, (ii) 30 min after (short-term), and (iii) waking up (long-term).

Evaluation of biochemical recurrence in patients with high-risk prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy plus androgen deprivation therapy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biochemical recurrence (BCR) in patients with high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) treated with radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT) plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Methods: Subjects were patients with National Comprehensive Cancer Network-defined high-risk PCa treated with either RP or RT plus ADT. We calculated BCR-free survival in patients with those treatments and evaluated risk factor against BCR.

[The Influence of Change in Body Water Distribution Caused by Changing Position Upon Nocturia in Older Men].

A total of 29 men 60 years and older (mean age 74 years) who complained at least once about nocturnal voiding and were diagnosed with nocturnal polyuria in the frequency volume chart (FVC) were enrolled in this study. Body water was measured by bioelectric impedance analysis just after lying down at 4 pm and after raising legs 30 minutes later. Nocturnal urine production was measured by FVC, and urine production per unit of time at first nocturnal voiding (urine volume at first nocturnal voiding/hours of undisturbed sleep (HUS) : UFN/HUS), urine production per unit of time during sleep (total nocturnal urine volume/hours of sleep : TNV/HS), etc was evaluated.

Risk factors of PSA progression and overall survival in patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer treated with primary androgen deprivation therapy.

Background: Primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) has played an important role in the treatment of prostate cancer. We sought to identify factors of PSA progression in our series of patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer treated with PADT.

Methods: Six-hundred forty-nine patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer who received PADT from 1998 to 2005 by Nara Uro-Oncology Research Group were enrolled.

Nadir PSA level and time to nadir PSA are prognostic factors in patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

Background: Primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) is the most effective systemic therapy for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Nevertheless, once PSA progression develops, the prognosis is serious and mortal. We sought to identify factors that predicted the prognosis in a series of patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

Improvement of the surgical curability of locally confined prostate cancer including non-organ-confined high-risk disease through retropubic radical prostatectomy with intentional wide resection.

Background: Retropubic radical prostatectomy with intentional wide resection (RRP-WR), which enables clear location of the prostate apex and the performance of posterolateral wider resection to remove extraprostatic extension, was introduced to our institutions. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility and the efficacy of RRP-WR as a surgical intervention for locally confined prostate cancer.

Methods: A total of 90 Japanese patients with pathologically proven and clinically locally confined hormone-naïve prostate cancer were treated through RRP-WR, and the surgical morbidity was assessed.

[A case of neobladder-cutaneo fistula after cystectomy].

A 69-year-old man was admitted for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma. Total cystectomy was performed and an ileal neobladder was constructed by a modification of Studer's method. However, a week later, a subcutaneous abscess occurred withwound dehiscence.

[A case report of toxic shock syndrome after high orchiectomy].

We report our experience of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) in a 54-year-old male patient after high orchiectomy for testicular cancer. Four days after the surgery, he began to have diarrhea, high fever, and diffuse erythroderma followed by severe hypotension. There were no signs of postsurgical wound infection, so serious drug eruption was suspected.

[Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder detected by urinary cytology : a case report].

A 70-year-old man complaining of fever and chills was admitted to our hospital. A computerized tomography scan revealed a bladder tumor (cT3bN0M0), and urinary cytology demonstrated neuroendocrine carcinoma. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 4.

[A case of renal perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa)].

A 44-year-old woman was admitted with acute hepatic dysfunction. Screening computed tomography showed an enhancing mass of about 9 cm in the right renal upper pole. An open right nephrectomy was performed for the pre-operative diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma.

[A case of acute pulmonary thromboembolism after retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy : a case report].

A 65-year old woman underwent retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy, for left renal mass which was suspected to be renal cell carcinoma. On the 2nd postoperation day, she suddenly complained of dyspnea and chest pain. Enhanced computed tomography revealed a defect of peripheral pulmonary artery, and ventilation-perfusion lung scanning showed large defect of the uptake in bilateral lung fields.

[Prostate cancer and left ectopic ureter opening to seminal vesicle with left renal agenesis: a case report].

We report a case of prostate cancer and left ectopic ureter opening to seminal vesicle with left renal agenesis. A 62-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for treatment of prostate cancer with cyst formation. On the rectal examination, a cystic tumor was palpable on the left side of prostate.

[Bilateral adrenal metastases from renal cell carcinoma: a case report].

We report a case of renal cell carcinoma with bilateral adrenal metastases. A 57-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for a left renal mass. Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 4.

Prostatic volume and volume-adjusted prostate-specific antigen as predictive parameters for T1c prostate cancer.

We examined the usefulness of the volume-adjusted prostate-specific antigen (PSA) parameters for prediction of T1c prostate cancer on 210 patients who had abnormal PSA levels but no abnormal findings in digital transrectal examination (DRE) or transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). PSA, prostate volume (PV), transition zone volume (TZV), PSAD (PSA/PV) and PSATZD (PSA/TZV) were assessed with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC). Simple and stepwise logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios of these parameters.