Stepwise Sulfite Reduction on a Dinuclear Ruthenium Complex Leading to Hydrogen Sulfide.

Sulfite reduction by dissimilatory sulfite reductases is a key process in the global sulfur cycle. Sulfite reductases catalyze the 6e reduction of SO to HS using eight protons (SO + 8H + 6e → HS + 3HO). However, detailed research into the reductive conversion of sulfite on transition-metal-based complexes remains unexplored.

Medial prefrontal cortex stimulation disrupts observational learning in Barnes maze in rats.

Observational learning, which improves one's own behavior by observing the adaptive behavior of others, has been experimentally demonstrated in primates and rodents in several behavioral studies, including our previous study. However, its neural mechanisms remain unclear. We electrically stimulated the brain regions of rats and disturbed their neural activities during observation periods in the observational learning task using Barnes maze.

Atmospheric-Pressure Pulsed Discharge Plasma in a Slug Flow Reactor System for the Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles.

Gold nanoparticle (AuNP) formation by applying pulsed discharge plasma in the slug flow reactor system was demonstrated. Experiments were carried out continuously at room temperature. The argon gas as a gas phase and the hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) tetra hydrate solution containing lysine as a liquid phase simultaneously flowed in the slug flow reactor system.

DC-Plasma over Aqueous Solution for the Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles under Pressurized Argon.

Nanomaterials that comprise titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles have received much attention owing to their wide applications; presently, the green synthesis of TiO nanoparticles is a developing research area. In this study, the TiO nanoparticles were synthesized through a DC-pulsed discharge plasma over an aqueous solution surface under a high-pressure argon environment. The titanium-rod electrode was utilized as the material source for the TiO nanoparticle generation.

An observational learning task using Barnes maze in rats.

Observational learning, which modulates one's own behavior by observing the adaptive behavior of others, is crucial for behaving efficiently in social communities. Although many behavioral experiments have reported observational learning in monkeys and humans, its neural mechanisms are still unknown. In order to conduct neuroscientific researches with recording neural activities, we developed an observational learning task for rats.