Vascularization of cutaneous wounds by stem cells.

Differentiated skin cells have limited self-renewal capacity; thus, the application of stem/progenitor cells, adult or induced stem cells, has attracted much attention for wound healing applications. Upon skin injury, vascularization, known as a highly dynamic process, occurs with the contribution of cells, the extracellular matrix, and relevant growth factors. Considering the importance of this process in tissue regeneration, several strategies have been proposed to enhance angiogenesis and accelerate wound healing.

Convergence of Biofabrication Technologies and Cell Therapies for Wound Healing.

Background: Cell therapy holds great promise for cutaneous wound treatment but presents practical and clinical challenges, mainly related to the lack of a supportive and inductive microenvironment for cells after transplantation. Main: This review delineates the challenges and opportunities in cell therapies for acute and chronic wounds and highlights the contribution of biofabricated matrices to skin reconstruction. The complexity of the wound healing process necessitates the development of matrices with properties comparable to the extracellular matrix in the skin for their structure and composition.

Biofabrication of Human Skin with Its Appendages.

Much effort has been made to generate human skin organ in the laboratory. Yet, the current models are limited due to the lack of many critical biological and structural features of the skin. Importantly, these in vitro models lack appendages and fail to recapitulate the whole human skin construction.

Skin biomechanics: a potential therapeutic intervention target to reduce scarring.

Pathological scarring imposes a major clinical and social burden worldwide. Human cutaneous wounds are responsive to mechanical forces and convert mechanical cues to biochemical signals that eventually promote scarring. To understand the mechanotransduction pathways in cutaneous scarring and develop new mechanotherapy approaches to achieve optimal scarring, the current study highlights the mechanical behavior of unwounded and scarred skin as well as intra- and extracellular mechanisms behind keloid and hypertrophic scars.

Strategies to Induce Blood Vessel Ingrowth into Skin Grafts and Tissue-Engineered Substitutes.

Skin is a multilayer organ consisting of several tissues and appendages residing in a complex niche. Adequate and physiologically regulated vascularization is an absolute requirement for skin homeostasis, regeneration, and wound healing. The lack of vascular networks and ischemia results in delayed wound closure.

Engineering Bioactive Scaffolds for Skin Regeneration.

Large skin wounds pose a major clinical challenge. Scarcity of donor site and postsurgical scarring contribute to the incomplete or partial loss of function and aesthetic concerns in skin wound patients. Currently, a wide variety of skin grafts are being applied in clinical settings.

Biological Properties of Yeast-based Mannoprotein for Prospective Biomedical Applications.

Background: Natural products constitute more than half of all biomolecules lately being used in clinical settings. Mannoprotein derived from the yeast cell wall has found full biotechnological applications.

Objective: This study was intended to investigate the antioxidant, anticancer, and toxicological properties of Kluyveromyces marxianus mannoprotein (KM).

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Recent Advances in Tissue Engineering.

Submicron biomaterials have recently been found with a wide range of applications for biomedical purposes, mostly due to a considerable decrement in size and an increment in surface area. There have been several attempts to use innovative nanoscale biomaterials for tissue repair and tissue regeneration. One of the most significant metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), with numerous potential uses in future medicine, is engineered cerium oxide (CeO) nanoparticles (CeONPs), also known as nanoceria.

Sol-Gel Synthesis, Physico-Chemical and Biological Characterization of Cerium Oxide/Polyallylamine Nanoparticles.

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO-NPs) have great applications in different industries, including nanomedicine. However, some studies report CeO-NPs-related toxicity issues that limit their usage and efficiency. In this study, the sol-gel method was applied to the synthesis of CeO-NPs using poly(allylamine) (PAA) as a capping and/or stabilizing agent.

Antiproliferative Activity of , , and in Interaction with the Prostatic Activity of CD82.

Background: In recent years, prostate cancer prevails as one of the lead cancers affecting men. Currently, prostate cancer research involves the phytochemical study of plants with anti-tumour effects. This study compares the anti-tumour effects of three plant species indigenous to Iran and their interaction with cluster of differentiation (CD)-82 protein, a therapeutic target found in prostate cancer cells.

Correlation Between Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA and MSSA Isolated from Clinical Samples in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This study aimed at reviewing the correlation between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) isolates. This review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocols. The literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science (ISI), and Scopus databases.

Aspergillus coinfection among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Asia and Africa countries; A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies.

Progress of the disease and prolonged treatment with antibiotics or immunosuppressive agents makes tuberculosis patients susceptible to fungal infections. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pulmonary Aspergillus coinfection among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Asia and Africa. The present review of cross-sectional studies was conducted on the prevalence of pulmonary Aspergillus coinfection among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis according to the PRISMA Protocol.

An In and In Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of and Essential Oils.

Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD), an overwhelming neurodegenerative disease, has deleterious effects on the brain that consequently causes memory loss and language impairment. This study was intended to investigate the neuroprotective activity of the two essential oils (EOs) from Iranian (PK) leaves and Allium sativum (AS) cloves against β-Amyloid 25-35 (Aβ25-35) induced elevation of cholinesterase enzymes in AD.

Methods: The EOs of PK (PKEO) and AS (ASEO) were prepared and analyzed in terms of extraction yield, phenolic content, and cholinergic markers in vitro.

Antiproliferative Effects of Free and Encapsulated L. Extract and Its Potential Interaction with Doxorubicin for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is considered as a deadly medical condition that affects a growing number of people worldwide. Targeted therapy of ESCC has been suggested recently and required extensive research. With cyclin D1 as a therapeutic target, the present study aimed at evaluating the anticancer effects of doxorubicin (Dox) or L.

The interventional relationship between frequent fish consumption and depression symptoms in aging adults: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The present investigation was intended to test the hypothesis that the elderly provided with the frequent consumption of fishes marinated in essential oil of Perilla frutescens (EOPF) or not would experience fewer depressive symptoms after 6 months.

Methods: A total of 180 participants were recruited from Sina Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, who were diagnosed with depression based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, Text Revision and Beck Depression Inventory. Participants (n = 180) were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to Groups A, B, and C.

The synergistic effects of shear stress and cyclic hydrostatic pressure modulate chondrogenic induction of human mesenchymal stem cells.

Purpose: In this study, we examined chondrogenic regulation of 2 types of mesenchymal stem cells seeded on the bioengineered substrate in monolayer cultures under mechanically defined conditions to mimic the in vivo microenvironment of chondrocytes within articular cartilage tissues.

Methods: Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BSCs) were exposed to 0.2 Pa shear stress, 3 MPa cyclic hydrostatic pressure, and combined loading with different sequences on chemically designed medical-grade silicone rubber, while no soluble growth factors were added to the culture medium.

Effects of surface viscoelasticity on cellular responses of endothelial cells.

Background: One area of nanoscience deals with nanoscopic interactions between nanostructured materials and biological systems. To elucidate the effects of the substrate surface morphology and viscoelasticity on cell proliferation, fractal analysis was performed on endothelial cells cultured on nanocomposite samples based on silicone rubber (SR) and various concentrations of organomodified nanoclay (OC).

Methods: The nanoclay/SR ratio was tailored to enhance cell behavior via changes in sample substrate surface roughness and viscoelasticity.

Anticancer Activity of Nanoparticles Based on PLGA and its Co-polymer: In-vitro Evaluation.

Attempts have been made to prepare nanoparticles based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and doxorubicin. Biological evaluation and physio-chemical characterizations were performed to elucidate the effects of initial drug loading and polymer composition on nanoparticle properties and its antitumor activity. PLGA nanoparticles were formulated by sonication method.