Intensity-modulated radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Radiation therapy (RT) is a standard treatment for non-metastatic breast cancer and is associated with acute and late toxicities. Intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) may decrease toxicity and is convenient for patients.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of IMRT in women with early stage breast cancer.

Does hyperprolactinemia treatment affect pregnancy and perinatal outcomes?

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess obstetric and perinatal outcomes in women with hyperprolactinemia according to the type of treatment indicated, with cabergoline or bromocriptine.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study with 464 women diagnosed with hyperprolactinemia was undertaken at the endocrine gynecology outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital from May 2002 to February 2022. All women diagnosed with hyperprolactinemia who were being treated with dopamine agonists (cabergoline or bromocriptine) and who became pregnant during the follow-up were included.

Comprehensive diagnosis of advanced-stage breast cancer: exploring detection methods, molecular subtypes, and demographic influences - A cross-sectional study.

Background: Brazil faces notable Breast Cancer (BC) mortality despite lower incidence rates versus developed countries. Despite guidelines from medical societies, Brazilian public policy recommends biennial mammographic screening for women aged 50 to 69. This study investigates sociodemographic and clinical factors related to BC detection methods and clinical stage at diagnosis.

Stitcher: A Surface Reconstruction Tool for Highly Gyrified Brains.

Brain reconstruction, specially of the cerebral cortex, is a challenging task and even more so when it comes to highly gyrified brained animals. Here, we present Stitcher, a novel tool capable of generating such surfaces utilizing MRI data and manual segmentation. Stitcher makes a triangulation between consecutive brain slice segmentations by recursively adding edges that minimize the total length and simultaneously avoid self-intersection.

Unilateral Hemilaminectomy as Primary Treatment for Spinal Cord Tumors: Retrospective Cohort of 38 Cases with a Minimum Follow-Up of 24 Months.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of hemilaminectomy as an approach to intradural tumors and to assess the risk of postoperative spinal instability.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 38 patients who underwent surgical resection of intradural tumors between November 2014 and March 2019. Clinical and radiologic data were documented in medical records, from which we obtained clinical data including age, gender, tumor etiology, lesion level, type of resection, and postoperative instability during follow-up.

Neuro-evolutionary evidence for a universal fractal primate brain shape.

The cerebral cortex displays a bewildering diversity of shapes and sizes across and within species. Despite this diversity, we present a universal multi-scale description of primate cortices. We show that all cortical shapes can be described as a set of nested folds of different sizes.

Predictor variables effect on the development of Burnout Syndrome in higher education professor.

Objectives: to correlate the development of Burnout Syndrome in higher education professors with the following variables: sociodemographic, economic, work, sleep pattern, level of anxiety and quality of life.

Methods: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Data collection took place from August to November 2022, with 140 professors from a private higher education institution in the Western Brazilian Amazon.

Association of Malocclusion with Temporomandibular Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) encompass a range of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated structures. This cross-sectional study, conducted in a Portuguese TMD department, aimed to assess the relationship between malocclusion and TMD severity. : Data on demographic variables, TMD clinical symptoms, and malocclusion classes were collected using the EUROTMJ database.

Evaluation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes as a prognostic biomarker in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

Purpose: To assess the association between tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) samples and disease recurrence.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included women aged 18 years and older who underwent treatment between January 2007 and December 2020. Male patients, individuals diagnosed with invasive or microinvasive disease based on anatomopathological examination of surgical specimens, and those with a personal history of any other cancers were excluded.

Influence of β-adrenergic selective agonist formoterol on the motor unit of a mouse model of a congenital myasthenic syndrome with complete VAChT deletion.

Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes (CMS) are a set of genetic diseases that affect the neuromuscular transmission causing muscular weakness. The standard pharmacological treatment aims at ameliorating the myasthenic symptom by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Most patients respond well in the short and medium term, however, over time the beneficial effects rapidly fade, and the efficacy of the treatment diminishes.

Isolation and Biological Evaluation of Triterpenes from Leaves.

is naturally found in the Atlantic Forest regions of Brazil. Despite the pharmacological potential of plants from the genus, phytochemical studies on this species have not been reported in literature. A new triterpene, 28-hydroxyfriedelane-3,15-dione (), and seven known compounds (friedelan-3-one (), friedelan-3β-ol (), friedelane-3,15-dione (), 15α-hydroxyfriedelan-3-one (), 28-hydroxyfriedelan-3-one (), 30-hydroxyfriedelan-3-one (), and 29-hydroxyfriedelan-3-one ()) were obtained from the hexane extract of leaves.

Correction: Hierarchical growth in neural networks structure: Organizing inputs by Order of Hierarchical Complexity.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

High-Caloric Diets in Adolescence Impair Specific GABAergic Subpopulations, Neurogenesis, and Alter Astrocyte Morphology.

We compared the effects of two different high-caloric diets administered to 4-week-old rats for 12 weeks: a diet rich in sugar (30% sucrose) and a cafeteria diet rich in sugar and high-fat foods. We focused on the hippocampus, particularly on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system, including the Ca-binding proteins parvalbumin (PV), calretinin (CR), calbindin (CB), and the neuropeptides somatostatin (SST) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). We also analyzed the density of cholinergic varicosities, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (), reelin (), and cyclin-dependent kinase-5 () mRNA levels, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression.

Anatomical and volumetric description of the guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) brain from an ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging.

The Guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) is a common species along Central and South American coastal waters. Although much effort has been made to understand its behavioral ecology and evolution, very little is known about its brain. The use of ultra-high field MRI in anatomical descriptions of cetacean brains is a very promising approach that is still uncommon.

Folding of the cerebellar cortex is clade-specific in form but universal in degree.

Like the cerebralcortex, the surface of the cerebellum is repeatedly folded. Unlike the cerebralcortex, however, cerebellar folds are much thinner and more numerous; repeatthemselves largely along a single direction, forming accordion-like folds transverseto the mid-sagittal plane; and occur in all but the smallest cerebella. We haveshown previously that while the location of folds in mammalian cerebral cortex isclade-specific, the overall degree of folding strictly follows a universalpower law relating cortical thickness and the exposed and total surface areas predictedfrom the minimization of the effective free energy of an expanding, self-avoidingsurface of a certain thickness.

Irony Understanding in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Comparative Analysis.

Introduction: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that can significantly impact a child's daily life and academic performance. Some studies have noted challenges in social cognition among children with ADHD, specifically in aspects like emotion perception and processing, empathy, Theory of Mind, and pragmatics. One of the lesser-explored aspects of ADHD is its potential impact on higher-level language skills, such as irony understanding.

Impact of Loneliness on Training Gains with Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback in the Elderly: A Pilot Study.

The negative impact of loneliness on the health of the elderly is particularly noticeable because of the effects of central control on the autonomic nervous system. Such an impact can be assessed through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and can be modified using HRV biofeedback training. This study aimed to investigate the impact of different levels of social interaction reported by the elderly on HRV before and after training with HRV biofeedback and after a follow-up period.

Machine Learning-Based Virtual Screening of Antibacterial Agents against Methicillin-Susceptible and Resistant .

The application of computer-aided drug discovery (CADD) approaches has enabled the discovery of new antimicrobial therapeutic agents in the past. The high prevalence of methicillin-resistant(MRSA) strains promoted this pathogen to a high-priority pathogen for drug development. In this sense, modern CADD techniques can be valuable tools for the search for new antimicrobial agents.

Biomechanics of transduction by mechanosensory cilia for prey detection in aquatic organisms.

Surface-feeding aquatic animals navigate towards the source of water disturbances and must differentiate prey from other environmental stimuli. Medicinal leeches locate prey, in part, using a distribution of mechanosensory hairs along their body that deflect under fluid flow. Leech's behavioral responses to surface wave temporal frequency are well documented.

Cortical folding correlates to aging and Alzheimer's Disease's cognitive and CSF biomarkers.

This manuscript presents the quantification and correlation of three aspects of Alzheimer's Disease evolution, including structural, biochemical, and cognitive assessments. We aimed to test a novel structural biomarker for neurodegeneration based on a cortical folding model for mammals. Our central hypothesis is that the cortical folding variable, representative of axonal tension in white matter, is an optimal discriminator of pathological aging and correlates with altered loadings in Cerebrospinal Fluid samples and a decline in cognition and memory.

High depressive symptomatology reduces emotional reactions to pictures of social interaction.

Individuals with severe depressive symptoms present diminished facial expressions compared to healthy individuals. This reduced facial expression, which occurs in most depressive patients could impair social relationships. The current study sought to investigate whether pictures with social interaction cues could elicit different modulations of facial expressions and mood states in individuals with depressive symptoms compared to healthy individuals.

Aminopyrimidine Derivatives as Multiflavivirus Antiviral Compounds Identified from a Consensus Virtual Screening Approach.

Around three billion people are at risk of infection by the dengue virus (DENV) and potentially other flaviviruses. Worldwide outbreaks of DENV, Zika virus (ZIKV), and yellow fever virus (YFV), the lack of antiviral drugs, and limitations on vaccine usage emphasize the need for novel antiviral research. Here, we propose a consensus virtual screening approach to discover potential protease inhibitors (NS3) against different flavivirus.