First in-flight synchrotron X-ray absorption and photoemission study of carbon soot nanoparticles.

Many studies have been conducted on the environmental impacts of combustion generated aerosols. Due to their complex composition and morphology, their chemical reactivity is not well understood and new developments of analysis methods are needed. We report the first demonstration of in-flight X-ray based characterizations of freshly emitted soot particles, which is of paramount importance for understanding the role of one of the main anthropogenic particulate contributors to global climate change.

Glyoxal sample preparation for high-performance liquid chromatographic detection of 2,4-dinitro-phenylhydrazone derivative: Suppression of polymerization and mono-derivative formation by using methanol medium.

Some difficulties on a sampling of gaseous glyoxal using DNPH-silica cartridge were discussed, and an alternative sampling procedure was proposed. When glyoxal was sampled using the cartridge, it partially formed mono-hydrazone with various degrees, whereas it was quantitatively converted into its bis-hydrazone when sample gas was directly bubbled into a DNPH acidic solution. Additionally, glyoxal polymerized on the inner wall of the system during trapping to the silica cartridge.