ILAE neonatal seizure framework to aide in determining etiology.

Objective: To employ the neonatal seizure framework developed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Neonatal Task force to assess its usefulness in determining the etiology of neonatal seizures.

Methods: The members of the ILAE Neonatal Task Force evaluated 157 seizures from 146 neonates to determine internal validity and associations between semiology and a specific etiology.

Results: Provoked neonatal electrographic and electroclinical seizures were due to multiple etiologies.

Efficacy and tolerability of celastrol and edaravone in the multiple-hit rat model of infantile spasms.

Objective: To test whether anti-inflammatory and antioxidant drugs that inhibit the nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), celastrol and edaravone, suppress spasms and improve developmental outcomes in the multiple-hit rat model of refractory infantile spasms (IS) due to structural lesions.

Methods: Postnatal day 3 (PN3) Sprague-Dawley rats were treated according to the multiple-hit IS model protocol. Using a randomized, blinded, vehicle-controlled, dose- and time-response study design, we tested the effects of single celastrol [1, 2, or 4 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.

Exploring multimodal biomarker candidates of post-traumatic epilepsy following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This review systematically analyzes potential biomarker candidates for post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) in humans who have experienced moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Focusing on biomarkers across biofluid-based protein, genetic, neuroimaging, and neurophysiological categories, this review distinguishes between TBI patients who develop PTE and those who do not. The review adheres to established methodologies outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Evaluation of Antivenom Therapy for Middle East Scorpion Envenomations.

Introduction: Scorpion envenomation is a leading cause of envenomation in our region. Antivenom has been used successfully to treat the systemic manifestations of envenomations inflicted by toxic scorpions. Toxic scorpions common in our area include Leiurus quinquestriatus , Androctonus australis , and Buthus occitanus .

WONOEP appraisal: Genetic insights into early onset epilepsies.

Early onset epilepsies occur in newborns and infants, and to date, genetic aberrations and variants have been identified in approximately one quarter of all patients. With technological sequencing advances and ongoing research, the genetic diagnostic yield for specific seizure disorders and epilepsies is expected to increase. Genetic variants associated with epilepsy include chromosomal abnormalities and rearrangements of various sizes as well as single gene variants.

WONOEP appraisal: Modeling early onset epilepsies.

Epilepsy has a peak incidence during the neonatal to early childhood period. These early onset epilepsies may be severe conditions frequently associated with comorbidities such as developmental deficits and intellectual disability and, in a significant percentage of patients, may be medication-resistant. The use of adult rodent models in the exploration of mechanisms and treatments for early life epilepsies is challenging, as it ignores significant age-specific developmental differences.

Hippocampal sclerosis and temporal lobe epilepsy following febrile status epilepticus: The FEBSTAT study.

Objective: This study was undertaken to determine whether hippocampal T2 hyperintensity predicts sequelae of febrile status epilepticus, including hippocampal atrophy, sclerosis, and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Methods: Acute magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained within a mean of 4.4 (SD = 5.

Insights into epileptogenesis from post-traumatic epilepsy.

Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) accounts for 5% of all epilepsies. The incidence of PTE after traumatic brain injury (TBI) depends on the severity of injury, approaching one in three in groups with the most severe injuries. The repeated seizures that characterize PTE impair neurological recovery and increase the risk of poor outcomes after TBI.

Prevalence of Occupational Contact Dermatitis Among Dental Personnel Using the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire-2002: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Occupational skin disease (OSD), such as contact dermatitis, is widespread among dental professionals; however, reports regarding its prevalence have inconsistent findings and methodology. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional survey using a self-reported questionnaire to estimate the prevalence of work-related and occupational exposure-induced skin diseases.

Methodology: A self-administered questionnaire, based on the validated Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire-2002, was distributed to 15 dental clinics in Israel in the first half of 2022.

Physical and psychosocial work demands associated with pain and disability among skilled male Arab waiters.

Background: Physical and psychosocial demands (e.g., serving, cleaning, fulfilling orders) can lead to work-related musculoskeletal pain (WRMSP).

Do vaccines cause epilepsy? Review of cases in the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program.

Objective: The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 created the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP), a no-fault alternative to the traditional tort system. Since 1988, the total compensation paid exceeds $5 billion. Although epilepsy is one of the leading reasons for filing a claim, there has been no review of the process and validity of the legal outcomes given current medical information.

Biomimetic Deep Learning Networks With Applications to Epileptic Spasms and Seizure Prediction.

Objective: In this study, we present a novel biomimetic deep learning network for epileptic spasms and seizure prediction and compare its performance with state-of-the-art conventional machine learning models.

Methods: Our proposed model incorporates modular Volterra kernel convolutional networks and bidirectional recurrent networks in combination with the phase amplitude cross-frequency coupling features derived from scalp EEG. They are applied to the standard CHB-MIT dataset containing focal epilepsy episodes as well as two other datasets from the Montefiore Medical Center and the University of California Los Angeles that provide data of patients experiencing infantile spasm (IS) syndrome.

EEG-based spatiotemporal dynamics of fast ripple networks and hubs in infantile epileptic spasms.

Objective: Infantile epileptic spasms (IS) are epileptic seizures that are associated with increased risk for developmental impairments, adult epilepsies, and mortality. Here, we investigated coherence-based network dynamics in scalp EEG of infants with IS to identify frequency-dependent networks associated with spasms. We hypothesized that there is a network of increased fast ripple connectivity during the electrographic onset of clinical spasms, which is distinct from controls.

Disparities in occupational health services: an international comparative study.

Background: Occupational Health Services (OHS) are comprehensive, multidisciplinary services supplied by various trained workers, including occupational physicians (OP), whose specialty is focused on workers' health.

Aims: Our study questions are whether the OP/worker ratio may reflect the scope and availability of OHS.

Methods: This comparative study, conducted on globally different OHS, was based on literature analysis of peer-reviewed articles published in journals covering topics of occupational medicine and public health that addressed parameters on the type and scope of OHS provision.

Performance upgrade of a microbial explosives' sensor strain by screening a high throughput saturation library of a transcriptional regulator.

We present a methodology for a high-throughput screening (HTS) of transcription factor libraries, based on bacterial cells and GFP fluorescence. The method is demonstrated on the LysR-type transcriptional regulator YhaJ, a key element in 2,4-dinitrotuluene (DNT) detection by bacterial explosives' sensor strains. Enhancing the performance characteristics of the YhaJ transcription factor is essential for future standoff detection of buried landmines.

Revisiting the concept of drug-resistant epilepsy: A TASK1 report of the ILAE/AES Joint Translational Task Force.

Despite progress in the development of anti-seizure medications (ASMs), one third of people with epilepsy have drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). The working definition of DRE, proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) in 2010, helped identify individuals who might benefit from presurgical evaluation early on. As the incidence of DRE remains high, the TASK1 workgroup on DRE of the ILAE/American Epilepsy Society (AES) Joint Translational Task Force discussed the heterogeneity and complexity of its presentation and mechanisms, the confounders in drawing mechanistic insights when testing treatment responses, and barriers in modeling DRE across the lifespan and translating across species.

Treatment of seizures in the neonate: Guidelines and consensus-based recommendations-Special report from the ILAE Task Force on Neonatal Seizures.

Seizures are common in neonates, but there is substantial management variability. The Neonatal Task Force of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) developed evidence-based recommendations about antiseizure medication (ASM) management in neonates in accordance with ILAE standards. Six priority questions were formulated, a systematic literature review and meta-analysis were performed, and results were reported following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 standards.

Positive and challenging themes in parents' perceptions of their relationships with their child with autism: Comparison between mothers and fathers.

Most studies of how parents of children with autism see the parent-child relationship used questionnaires completed by the parents and focused on challenges. This study broadened the lens by interviewing parents using open-ended questions that provide an opportunity to raise challenging but also positive experiences. Seventy-five mother-father dyads were interviewed individually about their own and their spouses' relationships with their preschooler, and we found nine relationship themes.

Advance Care Planning in the Geriatrics Clinic.

Advance care planning (ACP) is a process that allows individuals to express their health-care preferences and make decisions about their future medical care. Clinicians practicing in a Geriatrics clinic or with many patients who are aged 65 years or older have a unique opportunity to discuss patients' goals of care. ACP is particularly important for older adults, who may be facing serious health issues and/or end-of-life decisions.

Levetiracetam Pharmacokinetics and Brain Uptake in a Lateral Fluid Percussion Injury Rat Model.

Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) occurs in some patients after moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although there are no approved therapies to prevent epileptogenesis, levetiracetam (LEV) is commonly given for seizure prophylaxis due to its good safety profile. This led us to study LEV as part of the Epilepsy Bioinformatics Study for Antiepileptogenic Therapy (EpiBioS4Rx) Project.

The rate of occupational noise-induced hearing loss among male workers in Israel and implication on hearing surveillance frequency.

Objectives: To investigate the annual rate of NIHL in Israel, a modern economy with relatively low industrial hazardous noise exposure. To review international protocols of hearing surveillance. To recommend an effective, efficient, hearing screening frequency protocol.