Five year results of the prospective randomized controlled prostatic urethral L.I.F.T. study.

Introduction: To report the five year results of a prospective, multi-center, randomized, blinded sham control trial of the Prostatic Urethral Lift (PUL) in men with bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Materials And Methods: At 19 centers in North America and Australia, 206 subjects ≥ 50 years old with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS ) > 12, peak flow rate (Qmax) ≤ 12 mL/s, and prostate volume 30 cc-80 cc were randomized 2:1 to the PUL procedure or blinded sham control. In PUL permanent UroLift implants are placed to hold open the lateral lobes of the prostate to reduce urinary obstruction.

Three year results of the prostatic urethral L.I.F.T. study.

Introduction: To report the three year results of a multi-center, randomized, patient and outcome assessor blinded trial of the Prostatic Urethral Lift (PUL) in men with bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Materials And Methods: At 19 centers in North America and Australia, 206 subjects = 50 years old with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≥ 13, peak flow rate (Qmax) ≤ 12 mL/s, and prostate volume between 30 cc-80 cc were randomized 2:1 to the PUL procedure or sham control. PUL involved placing permanent UroLift implants into the lateral lobes of the prostate to enlarge the urethral lumen.

Durability of the Prostatic Urethral Lift: 2-Year Results of the L.I.F.T. Study.

Introduction: For a therapy to become an important part of a provider armamentarium it must be safer or better than existing therapies and be durable. The prostatic urethral lift offers rapid improvement in lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia with minimal side effects. We report 2-year results of a multicenter, randomized, blinded trial of the prostatic urethral lift.

Prospective multi-center study elucidating patient experience after prostatic urethral lift.

Introduction: The prostatic urethral Lift (PUL) procedure offers a novel treatment for men with lower urinary tract obstructive symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Most patients who seek LUTS/BPH treatment choose the intervention that offers the expectations of a significant improvement in quality of life and the least chance of short or long term morbidity. We report the results of a prospective, non-randomized study designed to further characterize the perioperative subject experience with the PUL procedure.

The prostatic urethral lift for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with prostate enlargement due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: the L.I.F.T. Study.

Purpose: We report the first multicenter randomized blinded trial of the prostatic urethral lift for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Materials And Methods: Men at least 50 years old with AUASI (American Urological Association Symptom Index) 13 or greater, a maximum flow rate 12 ml per second or less and a prostate 30 to 80 cc were randomized 2:1 between prostatic urethral lift and sham. In the prostatic urethral lift group small permanent implants are placed within the prostate to retract encroaching lobes and open the prostatic urethra.

Neoliberal policy, rural livelihoods, and urban food security in West Africa: a comparative study of The Gambia, Cote d'Ivoire, and Mali.

This study examines the impact of two decades of neoliberal policy reform on food production and household livelihood security in three West African countries. The rice sectors in The Gambia, Côte d'Ivoire, and Mali are scrutinized as well as cotton and its relationship to sorghum production in Mali. Although market reforms were intended to improve food production, the net result was an increasing reliance on imported rice.

Efficacy of intramammary infusion of ceftiofur hydrochloride at drying off for treatment and prevention of bovine mastitis during the nonlactating period.

This study evaluated the efficacy of intramammary infusion of ceftiofur hydrochloride for the treatment of intramammary infections present at the last milking of lactation and for prevention of new intramammary infections during the nonlactating period. Cows were randomly assigned to five treatments (untreated negative control, 125, 250, and 500 mg of ceftiofur, and a positive control group receiving 300 mg cephapirin benzathine). A dose of 125 mg of ceftiofur per mammary quarter was effective for treatment of existing infections present at the time of milk cessation, but only the 500-mg dose of ceftiofur per mammary quarter was effective for both treatment of existing intramammary infections at the time of milk cessation and for prevention of new intramammary infections during the nonlactating period.

Extended ceftiofur therapy for treatment of experimentally-induced Streptococcus uberis mastitis in lactating dairy cattle.

Streptococcus uberis is an important cause of mastitis in dairy cows throughout the world, particularly during the dry period, the period around calving, and during early lactation. Strategies for controlling Strep. uberis mastitis are poorly defined and are currently inadequate.

Efficacy of extended ceftiofur intramammary therapy for treatment of subclinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows.

Little research has focused on treatment of cows with subclinical mastitis during lactation. Ceftiofur is a new broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic for veterinary use that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by interfering with enzymes essential for peptidoglycan synthesis. Ceftiofur should be effective against a wide range of contagious and environmental mastitis pathogens.

A dose-response study of melengestrol acetate on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of beef steers.

The dose response of melengestrol acetate (MGA) on ADG (kg/d) and gain efficiency (gain/DMI, g/kg) was estimated in beef steers fed a finishing diet under commercial feedlot conditions. Melengestrol acetate is not approved for use in steers as a feed additive. The study design was five blocks of four pens (each pen was assigned a dose of MGA) with 166 to 200 steers per pen.

Long-term results of the FemSoft urethral insert for the management of female stress urinary incontinence.

A 5-year ongoing, controlled multicenter study enrolled 150 women. Outcome measures included pad weight tests (PWT), voiding diary (VD), quality of life (QOL) and satisfaction questionnaires. Outcome measures during the baseline period were compared to evaluations during follow-up.

Dose determination and confirmation for ceftiofur crystalline-free acid administered in the posterior aspect of the ear for control and treatment of bovine respiratory disease.

Three studies were conducted to determine and confirm the effective dosage rate of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid sterile suspension (CCFA-SS, 200 mg ceftiofur equivalents [CE]/ml), a long-acting ceftiofur formulation, for control and treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). In each study, CCFA-SS was administered once by subcutaneous (SC) injection in the middle third of the posterior aspect of the ear. Study 1 was conducted using an intratracheal challenge with Mannheimia (formerly Pasteurella) haemolytica and dosages ranging from 0 to 8.

The gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist abarelix depot versus luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonists leuprolide or goserelin: initial results of endocrinological and biochemical efficacies in patients with prostate cancer.

Purpose: We contrasted the endocrinological and biochemical efficacies of abarelix depot, a pure gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist, with a prospective concurrent control cohort receiving luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonists with or without antiandrogen for treatment of patients with prostate cancer receiving initial hormonal therapy.

Materials And Methods: In this phase 2 open label study 242 patients with prostate cancer requiring initial hormonal treatment received abarelix depot (209) or LH-RH agonists (33) with or without antiandrogen. A total of 100 mg.

Evaluation of models of acute and subacute acidosis on dry matter intake, ruminal fermentation, blood chemistry, and endocrine profiles of beef steers.

Crossbred steers (n = 20; 316 +/- 4 kg BW), each fitted with a ruminal cannula, were used to evaluate the effects of acute acidosis (AA) and subacute acidosis (SA) on DMI, ruminal fermentation, blood chemistry, and endocrine profiles. Animals were blocked by BW and assigned to treatments including 1) intraruminal (via cannula) steam-flaked corn (3% of BW; AA); 2) intraruminal dry-rolled wheat:dry-rolled corn (50:50; 1.5% of BW; SA); 3) offering forage-adapted steers ad libitum access to a 50% concentrate diet (AA control; AC); and 4) offering 50% concentrate diet-adapted steers ad libitum access to a 50% concentrate diet (SA control; SC).

Effects of Synovex-S and recombinant bovine growth hormone (Somavubove) on growth responses of steers: III. Muscle growth and protein responses.

We conducted this study to determine whether the growth responses of specific skeletal muscles in crossbred beef steers were differentially affected by treatment with recombinant bovine growth hormone (Somavubove, SbV, .1 mg/kg BW, i.m.

Use of the HIV-1 protease for excision of growth-hormone-releasing factor from synthetic and recombinant peptide precursors.

An autolysis-resistant mutant of the HIV-I protease was employed for removal of metabolically stabilized and highly bioactive analogues of bovine growth-hormone-releasing factor (bGRF) from their larger either synthetic or recombinant precursors. The N-terminal four amino acids in two selected model GRF analogues, Y1IDAIFTSSYRKVLAQLSARKLLQDILSRQVF32-OH (I; GRF32) and Y1IDAIFTSSYRKVLAQLSARKLLQDILSRQ30-OH (IA; GRF30), conform well to the specificity of the HIV-I protease for residues in the P1' to P4' positions of its peptide substrates. A variety of amino acids were tried in the N-terminal extension (positions P4-P1) to fit the protease substrate specificity for the 8 amino acids in positions P4-P4'.

Effects of Synovex-S and recombinant bovine growth hormone (Somavubove) on growth responses of steers: II. Muscle morphology and proximate composition of muscles.

Twenty crossbred beef steers (initial BW 182 +/- 1.8 kg) were used in a 2 x 2 factorial to determine the effects of implantation with Synovex-S (SYN; 20 mg 17-beta estradiol benzoate + 200 mg progesterone, ear implant) and administration of recombinant bovine growth hormone (Somavubove SbV, .1 mg.

Effects of Synovex-S and recombinant bovine growth hormone (Somavubove) on growth responses of steers: I. Performance and composition of gain.

The influence of Synovex-S (SYN) ear implant (200 mg progesterone and 20 mg estradiol benzoate) and Somavubove (SbV) recombinant bovine growth hormone (.1 mg/kg BW i.m.

Regulation of the gene expression of glucose transporter in liver and kidney of lactating cows by bovine growth hormone and bovine growth hormone-releasing factor.

Our objective was to study the effects of recombinant bovine growth hormone and bovine growth hormone-releasing factor on gene expression of glucose transporters in the liver and kidney of lactating cows. Primiparous cows received 29 mg/d of bovine growth hormone or 12 mg/d of bovine growth hormone-releasing factor by continuous intravenous infusion or no treatment (control) from 118 to 181 d postpartum. Growth hormone or growth hormone-releasing factor did not influence the mRNA abundance of the liver-type glucose transporter in the liver or kidney.

Hormonal and nutritional modulation of hepatic arginase activity in growing cattle.

The hormonal and nutritional modulation of hepatic arginase activity (HARG) was characterized in growing cattle in two studies. In the first study, 20 steers (initial weight, 182 +/- 2 kg) were assigned in equal numbers to either Synovex-S (SYN) (ear implant), recombinant bovine somatotropin (Somavubove; SbV; 0.1 mg/kg intramuscularly daily), SYN + SbV, or nothing (control).

Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation of an oil suspension of a bovine growth hormone releasing factor analog.

Pharmacia & Upjohn Inc. has discovered a superior bovine growth hormone releasing factor analog, [IIe2,Ser8,28,Ala15,Leu27,Hse30] bGRF (1-30)-NH-ethyl, acetate salt (U-90699F), for enhancement of animal growth. This report delineates the preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation of a U-90699F oil suspension.

Regulation of glucose transporter gene expression in mammary gland, muscle, and fat of lactating cows by administration of bovine growth hormone and bovine growth hormone-releasing factor.

Primiparous cows received 29 mg of bovine growth hormone (bGH)/d, or 12 mg of bovine growth hormone-releasing factor (bGHRF)/d by continuous i.v. infusion, or no treatment (controls) from 118 to 181 d postpartum.

Body composition and metabolic profiles associated with puberty in beef heifers.

Rapid growth large frame (RL, n = 61) or average growth medium frame (AM, n = 71) biotype heifers fed to achieve either moderate (MOD, .6 kg/d) or high ADG (HI, 1.0 kg/d) were used to determine whether puberty occurs at similar body composition or metabolic status.

Comparison of growth hormone-releasing factor and somatotropin: lipid and glucose metabolism in dairy cows.

Lactating, primiparous Holstein cows were continuously infused for 63 d with either recombinant growth hormone-releasing factor or recombinant bST or were not infused (control). The releasing factor and bST treatments reduced fat synthesis from acetate and lipoprotein lipase activity in omental adipose tissue. Also, both treatments increased hormone-sensitive lipase activity per gram of adipose tissue and reduced fatty acid esterification per milligram of protein in adipose tissue.