Replacement of fish meal with full fat modulates hepatic FXR signaling in juvenile rainbow trout (): Exploring a potential role of ecdysteroids.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of fish meal (FM) replacement with full fat (HI) on the molecular mechanisms regulating lipid and bile salt (BA) homeostasis in rainbow trout () juveniles. We thus explore the presence of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in an insect meal-based diet and evaluate its potential involvement in regulating the molecular mechanisms/basis of FXR:RXR axis signaling. Ecdysteroids are a category of steroid hormones which bind a nuclear-receptor complex composed of ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle protein (USP) and regulate insect molting and metamorphosis.

Video slot machine use in adolescence: the role of self-efficacy beliefs, current and expected personal fulfillment at the social and educational level.

Introduction: Video slot machines (VSMs), which are available on electronic gaming machines and online platforms, are widely recognized for their high potential to trigger harmful gambling behaviors. Yet, the psychological factors associated with VSM use among adolescents remain poorly investigated.

Methods: We estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) of current regular (at least monthly) VSM use according to self-efficacy beliefs regarding everyday problem-solving ability, along with current and expected personal fulfillment at the social, and educational level among 7,959 Italian high school students aged 15-17.

Physical activity and exercise in chronic kidney disease: consensus statements from the Physical Exercise Working Group of the Italian Society of Nephrology.

The Italian Society of Nephrology has tasked its Working Group on Physical Exercise with developing a consensus statement document on physical activity and exercise in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This paper consists of 16 points that were discussed, and approved using the mini-Delphi method by 15 members of the working group. Each statement is based on a comprehensive review of the literature, clinical experience, and expert opinions.

P.A.V.I.A. Study: Pervasiveness and Associated Factors of Video Slot Machine Use in a Large Sample of Italian Adolescents.

Video slot machines (VSM) are considered a particularly harmful gambling format; however, scant data is available on their use among underage Italian individuals. Two surveys were conducted in 2018 and 2022 involving 7,959 underage high school students (57.8% female) in Pavia, Northern Italy.

Physical Exercise in Kidney Renal Recipients: Where Have We Come?

Background: Kidney transplantation constitutes the most effective therapeutic option for patients suffering from end-stage renal disease but remains burdened by a high incidence of cardiovascular disease. To date, exercise is an important preventive strategy that has been underestimated; in kidney transplant patients, exercise programs lead to an improvement in cardiorespiratory performance, muscle strength, arterial stiffness, and patients' quality of life perception.

Summary: The nephrology and transplant community have moved from generic suggestions to specific indications regarding frequency, intensity, time, type, volume, and progression of physical exercise both in the pre- and posttransplant phase.

Extracellular Vesicles in Environmental Toxicological Studies: Association between Urinary Concentrations of Phthalate Metabolites and Exosomal miRNA Expression Profiles.

Phthalates are chemical compounds, mainly used as additives in plastics, which are known to induce harmful impacts to the environment and human health due to their ability to act as hormone-mimics. Few studies have been reported on the relationship between human exposure to phthalates and the level of circulating microRNAs (miRs), especially those miRs encapsulated in extracellular vesicles/exosomes or exosome-like vesicles (ELVs). We examined the relationship of ELV-miR expression patterns and urine of adult men with five phthalate metabolites (i.

Use of CFTR Modulators for Cystic Fibrosis in a Patient with Liver Transplant and ESRD on Hemodialysis.

Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations of the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most recent therapeutic approach to cystic fibrosis aims to correct structural and functional abnormalities of CFTR protein. CFTR modulators including ivacaftor-tezacaftor-elexacaftor are used in patients with F508del mutation, with clinical improvement.

Gaucher Disease: A Glance from a Medicinal Chemistry Perspective.

Rare diseases are particular pathological conditions affecting a limited number of people and few drugs are known to be effective as therapeutic treatment. Gaucher disease, caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase, belongs to this class of disorders, and it is considered the most common among the Lysosomal Storage Diseases. The two main therapeutic approaches are the Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT) and the Substrate Reduction Therapy (SRT).

Plastic Contamination in Seabass and Seabream from Off-Shore Aquaculture Facilities from the Mediterranean Sea.

We characterized the presence of plastics in different organs of the gilthead seabream () and European seabass () from some off-shore aquaculture facilities of the Mediterranean Sea. Plastics were detected in 38% of analyzed fish. Higher contamination was observed in fish from Turkey and Greece with respect to Italy, without significant differences between the geographical areas.

Primary membranous nephropathy in the Italian region of Emilia Romagna: results of a multicenter study with extended follow-up.

Background: Since primary membranous nephropathy is a heterogeneous disease with variable outcomes and multiple possible therapeutic approaches, all 13 Nephrology Units of the Italian region Emilia Romagna decided to analyze their experience in the management of this challenging glomerular disease.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 205 consecutive adult patients affected by biopsy-proven primary membranous nephropathy, recruited from January 2010 through December 2017. The primary outcome was patient and renal survival.

Who are the superheroes? A cross-sectional study on the determinants of good health among Italian older adults.

Background: People who reach old age enjoying good physical and mental health can be defined as (health) "superheroes", given their relatively low impact on healthcare expenditure and the desirable model they represent.

Aim: To evaluate prevalence and possible determinants of being "physical superheroes" (i.e.

Participants' satisfaction with colorectal cancer screening programs: A systematic review.

Introduction: Since satisfaction with cancer screening experience can increase adherence to programs and contribute to reduce morbidity and mortality, its assessment is crucial for programs´ effectiveness. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review about satisfaction of participants with organized colorectal cancer screening.

Methods: We searched relevant scientific databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) from inception to May 2022.

Effects of combined strength and endurance training on exercise capacity in kidney transplant cyclists and runners.

Introduction: After transplantation, engaging in regular physical activity (PA) or sport is recommended for health. Participation to competitive sports is increasingly common among kidney transplant recipients while little is known on how training affects the physical performance in transplanted athletes.

Aim: The purpose of this case study was to assess the effects of a tailored training program on exercise parameters in kidney transplant cyclists (CKTRs) and runners (RKTRs).

The selfie project: A successful approach to lifestyle monitoring and health promotion in adolescents.

Adolescence is a critical period for the physical and cognitive development. To promote adolescents' health and well-being, prevention and health education interventions are to be implemented at all levels of society, with schools and families playing a fundamental role. In 2015, the "Semi di Melo" Center for Education and Research on Childhood and Adolescence was established in Milan, northern Italy to help parents and teachers to better explicate their supportive role toward their children/students during adolescence.

Identification of palliative care needs and prognostic factors of survival in tailoring appropriate interventions in advanced oncological, renal and pulmonary diseases: a prospective observational protocol.

Introduction: It is estimated that of those who die in high-income countries, 69%-82% would benefit from palliative care with a high prevalence of advanced chronic conditions and limited life prognosis. A positive response to these challenges would consist of integrating the palliative approach into all healthcare settings, for patients with all types of advanced medical conditions, although poor clinician awareness and the difficulty of applying criteria to identify patients in need still pose significant barriers. The aim of this project is to investigate whether the combined use of the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO and Palliative Prognostic (PaP) Score tools offers valuable screening methods to identify patients suffering from advanced chronic disease with limited life prognosis and likely to need palliative care, such as cancer, chronic renal or chronic respiratory failure.

The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality in Pavia, Northern Italy: Updated Estimates for the Year 2021.

Excess mortality estimates are considered relevant indicators of direct and indirect pandemic effects on the population. Scant data have been published on cause-specific excess mortality. Using individual-level administrative data covering the Pavia province of Italian northern Lombardy region, we provided all-cause and cause-specific raw (RMR) and age-standardized (ASMR) mortality rates in 2021 and 2015-2019, the rate ratio, and 95% confidence intervals, overall and by sex.

Transition to retirement impact on smoking habit: results from a longitudinal analysis within the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) project.

Background: In an ageing society, retirement impacts on behavioural risk factors and health outcomes should be carefully assessed. Scant evidence exists from longitudinal studies on the short- and long-term consequences of the transition to retirement on smoking habit.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study based on the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) data from 27 European countries plus Israel collected in 2004-2020.

Incidence of Potentially Toxic Elements and Perfluoroalkyl Substances Present in Canned Anchovies and Their Impact on Food Safety.

Fish plays a key role in a healthy and balanced Italian diet, but it is also subject to the bioaccumulation of different contaminants depending on the geographical or anthropogenic context from which it is derived. In recent years, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has been focusing its attention on consumer toxicological risk, considering emerging contaminants such as perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Regarding fish, anchovies are among the five small pelagic main commercial species in the European Union and the top five fresh species consumed by households in Italy.

Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on homeobox gene expression during embryonic development of cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) commonly found in marine environments. Their bioaccumulation can cause harm to aquatic organisms, including invertebrates, particularly during the early stages of embryonic development. In this study, we evaluated, for the first time, the patterns of PAH accumulation in both capsule and embryo of common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis).

Spirulina-enriched Substrate to Rear Black Soldier Fly () Prepupae as Alternative Aquafeed Ingredient for Rainbow Trout () Diets: Possible Effects on Zootechnical Performances, Gut and Liver Health Status, and Fillet Quality.

In the present study, an organic substrate (coffee silverskin) enriched with spirulina (; 15% /), as a source of lipids and bioactive molecules, was used to rear the black soldier fly () prepupae. Three grossly isonitrogenous, isoproteic, isolipidic and isoenergetic experimental diets for rainbow trout () juveniles were then produced: a control diet (HM0) mostly including fish meal and fish oil, and two other test diets named HM3 and HM20, in which 3 or 20% of the marine ingredients were substituted with full fat black soldier fly prepupae meal (HM), respectively. Experimental diets were provided for 6 weeks, and at the end of the trial the physiological responses and marketable traits of the fish were investigated using a multidisciplinary approach.

[Discovering uncommon nephropathies: a case of acute kidney damage from malaria].

Malaria is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world with a high prevalence in developing countries. Renal impairment occurs in 40% of Plasmodium falciparum infections; glomeruli, tubules or interstitium can be involved with different pathophysiological mechanisms. We describe a case of severe acute renal failure caused by P.

Presence of Chlorate and Perchlorate Residues in Raw Bovine Milk from Italian Farms.

Chlorates and perchlorates are endocrine disruptors and emerging environmental contaminants found in various types of foods, including milk and dairy products. The presence of chlorate has been associated with the use of chlorine-based sanitizers to disinfect equipment and water used in food processing. Perchlorate, on the other hand, occurs naturally in the environment but is also released from anthropogenic sources.