[Endometrial stromal sarcoma: French Guidelines from the French Sarcoma Group and the Rare Malignant Gynecologic Tumors Group].

Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS) accounts for approximately 15% of all uterine sarcomas. Median age of patients is around 50 years and half of the patients are premenopausal. In all, 60% of cases present with FIGO stage I disease.

Magnetic Resonance-Guided Reirradiation for Local Recurrence Within the Prostate or in the Prostate Bed: Preliminary Results of a Prospective Registry Study.

Purpose: This prospective registry study evaluated the feasibility of stereotactic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided radiation therapy for the local treatment of isolated prostate cancer recurrence within the gland or prostate bed after primary radiation therapy.

Methods And Materials: Patients with isolated recurrence without any regional or distant extension after treatment by external radiation therapy of the prostate gland/bed or by prostate brachytherapy were included. A 173-second Fast Imaging with Steady state Precession (TrueFISP) sequence was used for MRI simulation, and the gross tumor volume was delineated using multimodal images.

Evaluation of reproducibility of tumor repositioning during multiple breathing cycles for liver stereotactic body radiotherapy treatment.

Aim: To evaluate the tumor repositioning during gated volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for liver stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT) treatment using implanted fiducial markers and intrafraction kilovoltage (kV) images acquired during dose delivery.

Materials And Methods: Since 2012, 47 liver cancer patients with implanted fiducial markers were treated using the gated VMAT technique with a Varian Truebeam STx linear accelerator. The fiducial markers were implanted inside or close to the tumor target before treatment simulation.

[Liposomal cytarabine for the treatment of leptomeningeal dissemination of central nervous system tumours in children and adolescents].

Leptomeningeal dissemination in paediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumours is associated with a poor outcome, and new therapeutic strategies are desperately needed. One of the main difficulties in the treatment of CNS tumours is blood brain barrier penetration. Intrathecal therapy has shown to be effective in several paediatric tumours.

Detection of occult cerebrospinal fluid involvement during maintenance therapy identifies a group of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia at high risk for relapse.

We aimed at assessing the clinical significance of the levels of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells in samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during therapy. We studied 990 CSF samples from 108 patients, at the time of diagnosis (108) and at each time of intrathecal therapy (882). The proportions of leukemic cells in CSF samples were assessed by flow cytometry (FCM).

Efficacy and safety of liposomal cytarabine in children with primary CNS tumours with leptomeningeal involvement.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of liposomal cytarabine in the treatment of de novo and relapsed leptomeningeal involvement in children with primary CNS tumours.

Methods: Data from clinical charts were entered into a database for consecutive unselected patients (n=20) from nine Spanish centres. Diagnosis of leptomeningeal involvement was confirmed by cytology, MRI and/or CT scan.

IMRT for locally advanced anal cancer: clinical experience of the Montpellier Cancer Center.

Purpose: To assess outcomes of patients with carcinoma of the anal canal (CAC) treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

Method And Materials: From August 2007 to January 2011, seventy-two patients suffering from CAC were treated with IMRT. Concurrent chemotherapy was added in case of locally advanced tumors.

Bilateral kidney preservation by volumetric-modulated arc therapy (RapidArc) compared to conventional radiation therapy (3D-CRT) in pancreatic and bile duct malignancies.

Background: To compare volumetric-modulated arc therapy plans with conventional radiation therapy (3D-CRT) plans in pancreatic and bile duct cancers, especially for bilateral kidney preservation.

Methods: A dosimetric analysis was performed in 21 patients who had undergone radiotherapy for pancreatic or bile duct carcinoma at our institution. We compared 4-field 3D-CRT and 2 arcs RapidArc (RA) plans.

Plan comparison of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (RapidArc) and conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in anal canal cancer.

Background: To compare volumetric-modulated arc therapy (RapidArc) plans with conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans in anal canal cancers.

Methods: Ten patients with anal canal carcinoma previously treated with IMRT in our institution were selected for this study. For each patient, three plans were generated with the planning CT scan: one using a fixed beam IMRT, and two plans using the RapidArc technique: a single (RA1) and a double (RA2) modulated arc therapy.

[Which intensity modulated radiation therapy? From "step and shoot" to volumetric modulated arc therapy, point of view of the radiation oncologist].

Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) offers optimal dosimetric and clinical results in terms of acute toxicity, allows augmenting the dose to the target volumes and therefore, appears promising for local control and disease-free survival. However, several pitfalls to this treatment are to be considered, namely a long treatment time and a high number of monitor unit (MU) required. The dosimetric results of the volumetric modulated arctherapy gives at least similar target coverage and preservation of organs at risk, while significantly reducing the number of required MUs and the overall treatment time.

Concurrent or sequential adjuvant letrozole and radiotherapy after conservative surgery for early-stage breast cancer (CO-HO-RT): a phase 2 randomised trial.

Background: Letrozole radiosensitises breast cancer cells in vitro. In clinical settings, no data exist for the combination of letrozole and radiotherapy. We assessed concurrent and sequential radiotherapy and letrozole in the adjuvant setting.

Persistently better treatment planning results of intensity-modulated (IMRT) over conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in prostate cancer patients with significant variation of clinical target volume and/or organs-at-risk.

Purpose: To compare the dose coverage of planning and clinical target volume (PTV, CTV), and organs-at-risk (OAR) between intensity-modulated (3D-IMRT) and conventional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) before and after internal organ variation in prostate cancer.

Methods And Materials: We selected 10 patients with clinically significant interfraction volume changes. Patients were treated with 3D-IMRT to 80 Gy (minimum PTV dose of 76 Gy, excluding rectum).

Optimal organ-sparing intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) regimen for the treatment of locally advanced anal canal carcinoma: a comparison of conventional and IMRT plans.

Background: To compare the dosimetric advantage of three different intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans to a three dimensional (3D) conventional radiation treatment for anal cancer with regards to organs-at-risk (OAR) avoidance, including iliac bone marrow.

Methods: Five patients with T1-3 N0-1 anal cancer and five with T4 and/or N2-3 tumors were selected. Clinical tumor volume (CTV) included tumor, anal canal and inguinal, peri-rectal, and internal/external iliac nodes (plus pre-sacral nodes for T4/N2-3 tumors).

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) treated with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine.

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) or Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare but well-defined histiocytic proliferative disorder of unknown etiology that usually presents with cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, leukocytosis, and hypergammaglobulinemia in an otherwise healthy child. Although many patients undergo spontaneous remission, a subset of patients with systemic disease has a more serious course. For those patients with a poor outcome, steroids and chemotherapeutic agents such as etoposide or 6-mercaptopurine plus low dose methotrexate have been used.