Response of Patients with Color Vision Defects to Worth 4-Dot and Duochrome Tests.

Individuals with congenital color vision defects (CVDs) are at greater risk of misidentifying colors, necessitating an investigation into their ability to distinguish colors accurately. This study aimed to assess how individuals with CVDs perceive the colors in the Worth four-dot (W4D) and duochrome tests. It also explored whether individuals with CVDs require more detailed instructions from optometrists and eye care providers during these tests.

Assessment of tear film parameters post-treatment with commercial eyelid cleaning wipes: a pilot study.

Aim: To investigate the short-term effects of commercially available eyelid-cleaning wipes on film parameters.

Methods: This study enrolled 48 healthy participants aged 20-35y (both males and females). Clinical assessment included the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, non-invasive tear break-up time (NITBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), and lipid layer pattern (LLP).

Evaluating the level of visual acuity to minimise false-positives in different colour vision tests.

Clinical Relevance: Accurate colour vision assessment is important in clinical settings to minimise false-positive errors and enhance the reliability of diagnoses outcomes.

Background: Colour vision testing is valuable in assessing the visual system, particularly given the high proportion of individuals with poor vision. This study aimed to determine the minimum visual acuity level required to perform a colour-vision test without errors.

Age-related changes in reading performance in normally sighted Arabic-speaking adults.

Clinical Relevance: Reading performance is important for evaluating near vision and predicting and prescribing near-vision correction. There is a significant gap in the literature on Arabic reading performance and its associated effects.

Background: Normative data from control participants serve as the baseline for future studies involving groups with specific characteristics.

Can chromatic text/background improve Arabic reading performance?

Purpose: Colors have been shown to improve reading performance; however, the effect of colors on Arabic orthography has not been studied. This study aimed to design and create a chromatic acuity chart to evaluate the effect of chromatic contrast on Arabic reading performance.

Methods: Color selection for the newly developed chromatic acuity chart was based on the contrast between the L, M, and S cones.

Visual resolution under photopic and mesopic conditions in patients with Sjögren's syndrome.

Aim: To focus on different visual resolution tasks under photopic and mesopic conditions in Sjögren's syndrome patients compared to age-matched healthy controls.

Methods: The visual resolution measurements included high and low visual acuities and contrast sensitivity functions. These tests were conducted under photopic and then mesopic conditions.

Clinical analysis of the Konan-Waggoner D15 color vision test using the Surface-Pro display.

This work expands on our previous comparison of the Konan-Waggoner D15 (KW-D15) and Farnsworth D15 (F-D15). Sixty subjects with normal color vision and 68 subjects with a red-green color vision defect participated in the study. The KW-D15 had good agreement with the F-D15 for both pass/fail and classification across all failure criteria.

Pupil light reflex in Parkinson's disease patients with and without freezing of gait symptoms.

Purpose: Freezing of gait (FOG) is considered as a motor disorder that affects some Parkinson's disease (PD) patients; however, sensory systems may also be involved in FOG. The pupil light reflex (PLR) is a reliable measure of the autonomic nervous system. Different dilation and constriction pupil parameters may be used to investigate the integrity of the autonomic nervous system in PD patients with and without FOG symptoms.

Evaluation of the Waggoner computerized D15 color vision test using an iPad device.

The W-D15 test, a computerized variant of the F-D15 test, is used to determine whether an individual with a color vision defect can safely perform color-related tasks. This study evaluated the performance of the W-D15 test using an iPad. Fifty-nine color normal and 61 color vision defect subjects participated.

Evaluation of the Third edition of the City University Colour Vision Test.

Introduction: The 3rd edition of the City University Colour Vision Test (CUT) was originally based on the Farnsworth-Munsell D-15 test (D15). The first part of the test is for detecting a defect, and the second part is used to diagnose the type and severity of the defect. This study evaluates the CUT 3rd edition relative to the Ishihara and the D15 colour vision tests.

Visual processing speed in freezing and non-freezing Parkinson's disease patients.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease patients are usually characterized by body motor dysfunction due to dopaminergic reduction in the central nervous system. Freezing of gait is a motor disorder that affects certain Parkinson's disease patients. However, it is hypothesized that non-motor functions mediated by the cholinergic system are also involved in developing freezing of gait.

Changing vergence function in persons with Parkinson's disease and convergence insufficiency.

Individuals with Parkinson's disease and convergence insufficiency were assigned vergence training. After two months, average positive fusional vergence increased and average near point of convergence decreased. Vergence can be improved with training in persons with Parkinson's disease who also have convergence insufficiency.

Stereopsis and ocular alignment in Parkinson's disease patients with and without freezing of gait symptoms.

Background: Parkinson's disease patients are classically described by having motor disorder symptoms. Freezing of gait is one of these motor symptoms that presents in some of these patients. Even though freezing of gait is classically considered as motor dysfunction, it is now widely accepted that deficits in other sensory systems, for example visual system, may lead or contribute to freezing of gait.

Repeatability of Associated Phoria Tests.

Purpose: H.J. Haase developed a set of tests for measuring associated phoria and stereopsis using a variety of different targets for each.