Preventive practice, vaccine acceptance, and knowledge toward coronavirus disease-19: An online cross-sectional questionnaire-based report in Iranian dentists.

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID) is predicted to cause serious mental health problems among healthcare providers (HCPs) especially dentists. Also understanding the influencing factors of the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among HCPs are important aspects in the design of effective strategies to improve the vaccine coverage rate. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, vaccination acceptance, fear, and obsession, as well as the preventive practice behaviors of Iranian dentists and dental students in late 2020 toward COVID-19.

Comparison of the effects of preemptive acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and meloxicam on pain after separator placement: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: This study aims to evaluate and compare the effect of pre-procedural administration of acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and meloxicam in reducing pain after separator placement.

Methods: Three hundred twenty-one patients who needed orthodontic treatment and aged above 15 were randomly assigned to one of the three study groups: group A: 650 mg acetaminophen, group B: 400 mg ibuprofen, and group C: 7.5 mg meloxicam.

An Analytical Study on an Orthodontic Index: Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON).

Statement Of The Problem: The validity of the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) which is an orthodontic index developed and introduced in 2000 should be studied in different ethnic groups.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to perform an analysis on the ICON and to verify whether this index is valid for assessing both the need and complexity of orthodontic treatment in Iran.

Materials And Method: Five orthodontists were asked to score pre-treatment diagnostic records of 100 patients with a uniform distribution of different types of malocclusions determined by Dental Health Component of the Index of Treatment Need.

Esthetic evaluation of incisor inclination in smiling profiles with respect to mandibular position.

Introduction: The smile is a key facial expression, and a careful assessment of the facial profile in smiling is an essential part of a complete orthodontic diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the preferred maxillary incisor inclination in the smile profile with regard to different mandibular positions.

Methods: A smiling profile photograph of a man with normal facial profile features was altered digitally to obtain 3 different mandibular sagittal positions in 4-mm decrements or increments from -4 to +4 mm.

The effect of different environmental factors on force degradation of three common systems of orthodontic space closure.

Background: Different environmental conditions, such as high temperature or exposure to some chemical agents, may affect the force decay of different methods of space closure during orthodontic treatment. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the force decay pattern in the presence of tea as a popular drink in some parts of the world and two mouthwashes that are usually prescribed by the orthodontist once the treatment is in progress.

Materials And Methods: Elastic chain (EC), nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) closed coil spring and tie-back (TB) method were used as the means of space closure.

Changes in cephalometric variables after orthognathic surgery and their relationship to patients' quality of life and satisfaction.

Objectives: This study was designed to assess the relationship between postsurgical cephalometric changes and quality of life and satisfaction after orthognathic surgery.

Material And Methods: Sample size consisted of 30 patients with class III and 25 patients with class II malocclusion treated with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy and Le Fort I osteotomy. Profile convexity, lower facial height proportion, lip position and length, nose, and chin position were measured on pre and post-treatment cephalograms.

Evaluation of the effect of four surface conditioning methods on the shear bond strength of metal bracket to porcelain surface.

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of superpulse CO2 laser irradiation and deglazing of porcelain surfaces on the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal orthodontic brackets, and compared it with two conventional etching techniques.

Methods: Forty-eight Feldspathic porcelain fused to metal specimens embedded in cylindrical acrylic resin tubes were fabricated, and all the specimens were divided into four groups. In Group 1, the specimens were roughened with a diamond bur and etched with hydrofluoric acid (HFA) gel for 4 min.

A comparative study of treatment outcomes between begg and edgewise orthodontic systems in class I cases.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the occlusal peer assessment rating (PAR) index in Class I patients treated by means of Begg and Edgewise methods.

Materials And Methods: The pre- and post-treatment study models of Class I patients, referred to two private clinics, treated with Begg method (n = 30) and standard Edgewise method (n = 30), were reviewed retrospectively using PAR index including dental displacements, buccal occlusion (anteroposterior, vertical and transverse), overjet, overbite and midline parameters. The changes in PAR indices were analyzed using paired t-test.

The accuracy of a designed software for automated localization of craniofacial landmarks on CBCT images.

Background: Two-dimensional projection radiographs have been traditionally considered the modality of choice for cephalometric analysis. To overcome the shortcomings of two-dimensional images, three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) has been used to evaluate craniofacial structures. However, manual landmark detection depends on medical expertise, and the process is time-consuming.

Evaluation of histological impacts of three types of orthodontic fixed retainers on periodontium of rabbits.

Statement Of The Problem: Fixed retainers were developed to maintain incisor alignments after orthodontic treatments. Although the effects of fixed retainers on periodontal health are clinically studied, no studies have still evaluated the histological changes in the periodontium after the placement of thefixed retainers.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of customised retainers on periodontium histologically.

Clinical and radiographic comparison of the effects of two types of fixed retainers on periodontium - a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Most orthodontists believe that fixed retainers are necessary to maintain ideal dental relationships. However, untoward side effects might result from their long-term placement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic effect of two commonly used fixed retainers on the health of the periodontium.

The effects of forehead and neck position on esthetics of class I, II and III profiles.

Introduction: All parts of the face, other than jaw relationships, should be considered in orthodontic treatment planning. The role of forehead and neck in facial esthetics is well known; however, the majority of conventional facial analysis methods have not considered them. Neck and forehead may confer mutual effects on equilibrium and on esthetics of other facial components, and may change the overall convexity/concavity view of the profile.

Effects of maxillary expansion and placebo effect of appliances on nocturnal enuresis - preliminary results.

Introduction: Nocturnal enuresis has been found a common symptom among children with breathing problems and sleep apnea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic and placebo effects of slow maxillary expansion on nocturnal enuresis.

Material And Methods: Four children with enuresis aged 7-12 years were selected.

Comparison of the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets in bonding and rebonding: preparation with laser versus conventional acid etch technique.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the bond strength of orthodontic brackets using laser versus acid etching.

Background Data: Debonding of brackets is a common problem in orthodontic treatments.

Materials And Methods: Eighty extracted premolar teeth were divided into two groups.

Relationship of third molar movement during orthodontic treatment and root angulation.

Background: Curved roots of teeth might cause difficulty in root canal treatment and removal. Beside genetic factors, root morphology of the third molars is affected by environmental factors such as mesial migration. However no studies examine the relation between the amount of third molars' movement and their root angles.

Determination of the dental arch form in the primary dentition using a polynomial equation model.

Purpose: Many geometric forms and mathematical functions have been proposed as models of the dental arch; however, no such information seems to be available for the primary dentition. The purpose of this study was to develop a model for dental arch form in the primary dentition.

Methods: The participants were 92 children (47 boys, 45 girls) in primary dentition.

Perceptions of laypersons and dentists regarding the effect of tooth and gingival display on smile attractiveness in long- and short-face individuals.

Objectives: To our knowledge, there is no study regarding the effects of facial type (short face or long face) on the esthetic perception of smiles as related to the amount of tooth and gingival display.

Materials And Methods: Four photographs from two long- and two shortfaced females with posed smiles were prepared and, with altering the amount of tooth display, 5 photos for each of them were produced. These photos were given to 62 dentists and 69 laypersons to rate the images.

The effects of forehead and neck positions on profile esthetics.

Introduction: Each facial feature might affect the perception of the balance of the other features so the whole of the face must be considered in facial evaluation. There are no studies that have examined the effect of forehead and neck position on profile esthetics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of forehead and neck positions on profile esthetics judged by lay people, dental students and art students.

Ion release from orthodontic brackets in 3 mouthwashes: an in-vitro study.

Introduction: Stainless steel orthodontic brackets can release metal ions into the saliva. Fluoridated mouthwashes are often recommended to orthodontic patients to reduce the risk of white-spot lesions around their brackets. However, little information is available regarding the effect of different mouthwashes in ion release of orthodontic brackets.

Evaluation of the effect of buccal corridor size on smile attractiveness.

Introduction: an attractive smile helps people feel more self-confident and look younger. One of the more controversial aspects of smile attractiveness pertains to buccal corridor size. There is no previous study by those with artistic knowledge that has assessed the asthetic considerations of buccal corridor size.

In vitro evaluation of force-expansion characteristics in a newly designed orthodontic expansion screw compared to conventional screws.

Objective: Expansion screws like Hyrax, Haas and other types, produce heavy interrupted forces which are unfavorable for dental movement and could be harmful to the tooth and periodontium. The other disadvantage of these screws is the need for patient cooperation for their regular activation. The purpose of this study was to design a screw and compare its force- expansion curve with other types.

Effect of MRI on the mechanical properties of stainless steel orthodontic wires.

Aim: To assess whether the forces created by the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) field cause a deflection of orthodontic stainless steel archwires or a change of their mechanical properties.

Methods: Sixty stainless steel 0.016-inch archwires were divided into three groups of 20 wires each.

A comparison of force decay: elastic chain or tie-back method?

Aim: To evaluate the amount of initial force and to compare the amount of force decay between the elastomeric chain and tie-back method over a period of time.

Methods: Twenty five-unit elastomeric chains (15 mm) stretched 100%, and twenty elastic modules in tie-back method stretched twice their original diameter were held in place by a series of pins 30-mm apart in acrylic blocks. The blocks were stored in 37 °C distilled water.

Orthodontic treatment needs assessment of 14- to 18-year-old students in Shiraz, Iran.

Aim: Orthodontic need assessment is instrumental for dental treatment planning. The objective of this examination was to evaluate the orthodontic treatment need of students in Shiraz, Iran, using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) and to assess the relationship between DAI and sociodemographic variables.

Methods: Using random cluster sampling, 1,818 pupils (965 male and 853 female) 14 to 18 years of age without any history of orthodontic treatment were selected.