Short-Term Effects of Adding Topical Ketorolac to Intravitreal Bevacizumab in Diabetic Macular Edema: A Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the short-term additive effects of topical ketorolac to intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in the management of center-involved diabetic macular edema (CI-DME).

Methods: In a randomized double-masked placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial, eyes with CI-DME and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between (20/40) and (20/400) were included. These eyes should have had at least one intravitreal anti-VEGF injection in the preceding two months.

Mini vitrectomy as an alternative technique for intraocular pressure adjustment in non-drainage scleral buckling.

Purpose: In non-drainage scleral buckling, anterior chamber paracentesis is usually carried out to decrease intraocular pressure. When the buckling is extensive however, this technique may be inefficient and time consuming. In this study, we tried to determine if a mini 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy could be used as an efficient and safe alternative procedure to anterior chamber paracentesis for adjusting intraocular pressure during a non-drainage scleral buckling.

Superficial Retinal Microvasculature and Choriocapillaris Alterations after Photodynamic Therapy in Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To compare superficial retinal vascular, choriocapillaris (CC), and choroidal thickness changes in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients after half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Method: In this prospective interventional case series study, fifteen eyes of 14 patients with chronic CSCR undergoing half-dose PDT treatment were enrolled. All patients underwent enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography angiography (EDI-OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) at baseline and 3 months after treatment.

PANRETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION VERSUS INTRAVITREAL BEVACIZUMAB VERSUS A PROPOSED MODIFIED COMBINATION THERAPY FOR TREATMENT OF PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: A Randomized Three-Arm Clinical Trial (CTPDR Study).

Purpose: To compare safety and therapeutic effect of three treatment protocols on patients with naive proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: A total of 207 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy were randomly divided into three groups: full panretinal photocoagulation group; intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) group with four monthly IVB injections; and modified combination group with two bimonthly IVB injections and a modified laser therapy. The best-corrected visual acuity and area of neovascularization leakage were compared at 1-year follow-up.

SPECTRAL DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY BIOMARKERS OF RETINAL HYPERPERMEABILITY AND CHOROIDAL INFLAMMATION AS PREDICTORS OF SHORT-TERM FUNCTIONAL AND ANATOMICAL OUTCOMES IN EYES WITH DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA TREATED WITH INTRAVITREAL BEVACIZUMAB.

Purpose: To assess spectral domain optical coherence tomography biomarkers of short-term outcomes in eyes with diabetic macular edema treated with intravitreal bevacizumab.

Methods: In a prospective interventional case series, 66 eyes with diabetic macular edema underwent 3 monthly intravitreal bevacizumab injections. Best-corrected visual acuity measurement and spectral domain optical coherence tomography were performed at baseline and at 3 months.

Topical ketorolac as an adjunctive treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab in the management of diabetic macular edema: A double-masked placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the additional effect of ketorolac eye drops on therapeutic effects of intravitreal Bevacizumab in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) METHODS: In a randomized clinical trial, 50 patients with center involved DME (macular thickness ≥ 300 microns accompanied by decreased VA (24 < BCVA ≤ 70 ETDRS letters) were enrolled consecutively and randomized 1:1 to receive either bevacizumab plus topical ketorolac (25 patients) or bevacizumab plus artificial tears (25 patients). Patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, history of intraocular surgery, intravitreal injection in less than three months, macular photocoagulation less than 6 months and any other concomitant ocular pathologies were excluded from the study. All the patients received three consecutive monthly injections of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB).

Choroidal Thickness in Different Types of Inherited Retinal Dystrophies.

Purpose: To compare the choroidal thickness among eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), Stargardt disease, Usher syndrome, cone-rod dystrophy, and healthy eyes of sex- and age-matched individuals.

Methods: In this comparative study, 503 eyes with RP ( = 264), cone-rod dystrophy ( = 109), Stargardt disease ( = 76), and Usher syndrome ( = 54) were included. To validate the data, 109 healthy eyes of 56 sex- and age-matched individuals were studied as controls.

Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity and utility of the national screening criteria in a tertiary center in Iran.

Aim: To determine the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and the sensitivity of current screening criteria in a tertiary eye center in Tehran, Iran.

Methods: In a cross-sectional observational study, neonates weighing ≤2000 grams at birth or born <34wk gestational age (GA) and all other infants at risk of ROP admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or referred to our ROP clinic were investigated. The incidence of ROP and severe ROP ( patients needing treatment) were determined.

Combination of intravitreal bevacizumab and erythropoietin versus intravitreal bevacizumab alone for refractory diabetic macular edema: a randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of three intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injections alone or in combination with intravitreal erythropoietin (EPO) in the treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: In a randomized double-blind clinical trial, 48 eyes of 34 diabetic patients with refractory DME were enrolled. Eyes were randomly assigned to receive either 3 monthly injections of 0.

Visual and Anatomical Outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Dropped Nucleus after Phacoemulsification.

Purpose: To determine the prognostic factors and visual and anatomic outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with dropped nucleus following complicated phacoemulsification (PE).

Methods: The records of patients with complicated PE who underwent PPV to remove posteriorly dislocated nucleus fragments from January 2011 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Of 43 patients, 36 patients (36 eyes) were included with mean age of 73 ± 9.

Intravitreal Injection of Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Ocular Vascular Diseases: Clinical Practice Guideline.

Purpose: To provide the clinical recommendations for the administration of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs especially bavacizumab for ocular vascular diseases including diabetic macular edema, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, myopic choroidal neovascularization, retinal vein occlusion and central serous chorioretinopathy.

Methods: Twenty clinical questions were developed by the guideline technical committee. Relevant websites and databases were searched to find out the pertinent clinical practice guidelines to answer the questions.

Choroidal Thickness in Healthy Subjects.

Purpose: To measure the choroidal thickness by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) in normal eyes.

Methods: In a prospective case series, 208 eyes of 104 normal Iranian subjects were enrolled. Complete ophthalmic examination was performed.

Effects of Intravitreal Silicone Oil on Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of intravitreal silicone oil (SO) on subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT).

Methods: A total of 60 patients with unilateral pseudophakic macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were treated with a three-port pars plana vitrectomy and a 5,700-cSt SO endo-tamponade and subsequent SO removal. SFCT was measured before and 3 months after SO removal.

Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in preeclampsia and eclampsia.

Purpose: To evaluate peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness during and after pregnancy in pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia and compare it with normotensive pregnant women as controls.

Methods: In a prospective comparative case-control study 35 women (70 eyes) with mild to moderate preeclampsia, 70 women (140 eyes) with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia, and 44 (88 eyes) healthy pregnant women were enrolled in three groups. Peripapillary RNFL thickness in three groups was measured after 28 weeks of pregnancy and 2 months postpartum by using optical coherence tomography.

Predictors and Outcomes of Vitrectomy and Silicone Oil Injection in Advanced Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate visual and anatomical results and identify factors that influence vitrectomy and silicone oil (SO) injection outcomes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: This retrospective study included 236 eyes with PDR that were undergoing vitrectomy and SO injection with >3-month follow-up. The primary outcomes were final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal attachment rate.

Analgesic Effect of Topical Sodium Diclofenac before Retinal Photocoagulation for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Randomized Double-masked Placebo-controlled Intraindividual Crossover Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the analgesic effect of topical sodium diclofenac 0.1% before retinal laser photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: Diabetic patients who were candidates for peripheral laser photocoagulation were included in a randomized, placebo-controlled, intraindividual, two-period, and crossover clinical trial.

Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Practice Guidelines: Customized for Iranian Population.

Purpose: To customize clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for management of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the Iranian population.

Methods: Three DR CPGs (The Royal College of Ophthalmologists 2013, American Academy of Ophthalmology [Preferred Practice Pattern 2012], and Australian Diabetes Society 2008) were selected from the literature using the AGREE tool. Clinical questions were designed and summarized into four tables by the customization team.

Progressive Susac syndrome with bilateral visual loss and disability.

Susac syndrome (SS) is a rare retinal-cochlear-cerebral disease with an unclear etiology. A 35-year-old man presented with sudden painless vision loss in the right eye and 2 months later in the left eye with hemiparesis, behavioral changes, and hearing loss. Ophthalmic examinations revealed multiple branch retinal artery occlusions (BRAOs) in both eyes.

A Large Outbreak of Fulminant Bacterial Endophthalmitis after Intravitreal Injection of Counterfeit Bevacizumab.

Purpose: This study reports the findings in a large series of patients with acute bacterial endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB) in two eye hospitals.

Methods: Medical records were reviewed for patients who presented with acute fulminant endophthalmitis in one or two eyes following intravitreal injection of bevacizumab from two separate batches in two eye hospitals.

Results: Twenty-eight eyes of 21 patients presented with acute endophthalmitis 12-48 hours after IVB injection.

Association of Age Related Macular Degeneration and Age Related Hearing Impairment.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) and sensory neural hearing impairment (SHI).

Methods: In this case-control study, hearing status of 46 consecutive patients with ARMD were compared with 46 age-matched cases without clinical ARMD as a control group. In all patients, retinal involvements were confirmed by clinical examination, fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT).

The effect of topical sodium diclofenac on macular thickness in diabetic eyes after phacoemulsification: a randomized controlled trial.

To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic administration of the topical diclofenac 0.1 % on macular thickness in diabetic patients following phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation surgery. In a Randomized double-masked clinical trial, 108 eyes of 108 diabetic patients underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation surgery were enrolled.

Comparison of four surgical techniques for management of pseudophakic and aphakic retinal detachment: a multicenter clinical trial.

Purpose: To compare the visual and anatomical outcomes of four surgical techniques to manage pseudophakic and aphakic retinal detachment (PARD).

Methods: In a multicenter randomized clinical trial, 211 eyes of 211 patients with PARD and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade B or less were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups: (1) scleral buckling (SB), 50 eyes, (2) vitrectomy without band, 51 eyes, (3) vitrectomy with encircling band (EB), 58 eyes, and (4) triamcinolone acetonide (TA) assisted vitrectomy, 52 eyes. Patients were followed for 12 months after the surgery.

Changes in Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness after Two Intravitreal Bevacizumab Injections for Wet Type Age-related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of two intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injections on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with wet type age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).

Methods: This prospective interventional case series included 18 eyes of 18 patients receiving two IVB injections within a 6 weeks interval for treatment of wet type ARMD. Peripapillary RNFL thickness was measured prior to the first injection, and 12 and 24 weeks afterwards by optical coherence tomography (3D OCT-1000, Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan).