Impacts of graphene oxide contamination on a food web: Threats to somatic and reproductive health of organisms.

Contamination of aquatic food webs with nanomaterials poses a significant ecological and human health challenge. Ingestion of nanomaterials alongside food disrupts digestion and impairs physiological processes, with potential consequences for organism fitness and survival. Complex interactions between nanomaterials and biota further exacerbate the issue, influencing life-history strategies and ecosystem dynamics.

Evaluation of tribological and biological properties of Ti6Al4V coated with SiN/ND nanoparticles for orthopedic applications: a comprehensive analysis.

In this study, the biocompatibility and tribological properties of Ti6Al4V coated with silicon nitride (SiN)/nanodiamond using the electrophoretic deposition method were investigated. Suspensions of various aqueous and alcoholic solutions were prepared in the presence of CTAB and SDS dispersers. The most stable suspension system for the electrophoresis process was selected (aqueous media/ SDS disperser).

In Vitro Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by Diacerein.

Background: Tissue engineering is the application system that tries to restore damaged tissues by different approaches, such as cellular therapy, application of cell differential factors, and various materials. One of the important goals in tissue engineering is to guide stem cells directly to the desired tissue, and researchers tried to utilize different molecules as effective factors to improve this technique.

Objectives: This study aims to demonstrate the effects of diacerein, a slow-acting drug for the treatment of osteoarthritis, on mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and evaluate its potential in the chondrogenesis process.

Sperm and oocyte as carriers for bovine viral diarrhoea virus biotypes during in vitro fertilization.

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is an important viral agent causing the reproductive failure in cattle. The objectives of the study were to assess the role of male and female gametes, as carriers of cytopathic (CP) and non-cytopathic (NCP) BVDV to embryonic cells during in vitro fertilization. In this respect, sperm and oocytes were separately exposed to concentrations of 10 or 10 TCID /mL CP and NCP BVDV, for 2 h before fertilization.

Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation Toward Cardiomyocyte-Like Cells on the PCL/PANI Nanofibrous Scaffold: An Experimental Study.

Background: Owing to the fact that the heart tissue is not able to repair itself. Biomaterial-based scaffolds are important cues in tissue engineering (TE) applications. Recent advances in TE have led to the development of suitable scaffold architecture for various tissue defects.

Polycaprolactone-co-polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold in combination with 5-azacytidine and transforming growth factor-β to induce cardiomyocyte differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) are promising candidates for cardiac repair/regeneration. The application of copolymer nanoscaffolds has received great attention in tissue engineering to support differentiation and functional tissue organization toward effective tissue regeneration. The objective of the current study was to develop functional and bioactive scaffolds by combining polycaprolactone (PCL) and polylactic acid (PLA) for cardiomyocyte differentiation of human Ad-MSC (hAd-MSCs) in the absence or presence of 5-azacytidine and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β).

In-vitro cellular and in-vivo investigation of ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate loaded gelatin/sodium alginate injectable hydrogels for urinary incontinence treatment.

Urinary incontinence is one of the most common disorders especially in adult women. In this study, cellular and in-vivo analyses were performed on (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and CaCl cross-linked alginate and gelatin hydrogels containing β-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid to evaluate the regenerative potential as injectable compression agents for the treatment of urinary incontinence. The hydrogels were prepared with different percentages of components and were named as GA1 (7.

Exposing Mouse Oocytes to MitoQ During Maturation Improves Maturation and Developmental Competence.

Background And Purpose: Mitochondrion is the main indicator of oocyte quality and one of the components of oocyte, which is sensitive to oxidative damage during the maturation process. Mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ) is a strong antioxidant targeting mitochondria as well as anti-apoptotic agent. However, the effect of MitoQ on the quality of oocytes during maturation (IVM) is still unknown.

Design of a decellularized fish skin as a biological scaffold for skin tissue regeneration.

The use of decellularized natural skin as an extracellular matrix (ECM) may be a great candidate to regenerate damaged tissues. In this study, decellularized scaffolds from fish skin were designed by different techniques (physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods) and investigated by analyses such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Tensile strength, Degradability, Histological studies, Toxicity test, and Determination of DNA content. Results showed that the best sample is related to the decellularized skin by hypertonic & hypotonic technique and Triton X100 solutions.

Graphene Oxide Negatively Regulates Cell Cycle in Embryonic Fibroblast Cells.

Background: Unique properties of graphene and its derivatives make them attractive in the field of nanomedicine. However, the mass application of graphene might lead to side effects, which has not been properly addressed in previous studies, especially with regard to its effect on the cell cycle.

Methods: The effect of two concentrations (100 and 200 μg/mL) of nano- and microsized graphene oxide (nGO and mGO) on apoptosis, cell cycle, and ROS generation was studied.

Immunization against leukemia inhibitory factor and its receptor suppresses tumor formation of breast cancer initiating cells in BALB/c mouse.

Immunotherapy is a promising approach for specific targeting of cancer cells. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) regulates several features of cancers and cancer stem cells (CSCs) through binding to LIF receptor (LIFR). In this study, we investigated the consensus of LIF and LIFR immunization on the growth of mouse mammary tumors.

Bioactive and biostable hyaluronic acid-pullulan dermal hydrogels incorporated with biomimetic hydroxyapatite spheres.

In this study, hyaluronic acid-pullulan injectable hydrogels were incorporated with biomimetic hydroxyapatite spheres and were modified using silane coupling agents in order to improve the physicochemical, mechanical, and biological performance of hydrogels. So the biomimetic hydroxyapatite spheres were synthesized through immersion of gelatin-siloxane microspheres in the simulated body fluid. The results of field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction spectra confirmed the formation of hydroxyapatite on the surface of hybrid spheres.

Effects of Different Concentrations of Reversine on Plasticity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Dedifferentiation can be induced by small molecules. One of these small molecules used in this study in order to increase the plasticity of differentiation of stem cells was reversine. The objective of present study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of reversine on the plasticity of ovine fetal bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs).

Isolation and characterization of breast cancer stem cell-like phenotype by Oct4 promoter-mediated activity.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subset of cancer cells responsible for self-renewal activity, drug resistance, and tumor recurrence. CSCs have been derived from diverse tumors and cell lines. The expression of stemness markers has been identified in CSCs.

Development of a simvastatin loaded injectable porous scaffold in situ formed by phase inversion method for bone tissue regeneration.

Introduction:: The use of injectable scaffolds as a minimally invasive method is a good choice in tissue engineering applications. A critical parameter for the tissue engineering scaffolds is a suitable morphology with interconnected pores. We present the development of a simvastatin loaded scaffold that forms in situ and provides the porous structure with interconnected pores.

A facile method to synthesize mussel-inspired polydopamine nanospheres as an active template for in situ formation of biomimetic hydroxyapatite.

In this study, Mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) nanospheres were synthesized via spontaneous oxidative polymerization of dopamine hydrochloride (dopa-HCl) in a deionized water-alcohol mixed solvent at room temperature and atmospheric air, under alkaline condition. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) demonstrated production of sphere-like shape with a smooth surface and tunable size, while monodispersity increased by utilizing isopropanol instead of ethanol owing to lower R values based on Hansen solubility parameter (HSP) theory. Dropwise addition of monomer played an undeniable role in the fabrication of uniform and smaller spheres.

Fabrication and investigation of silica nanofibers via electrospinning.

Electrospinning is a versatile and cost-effective method for fabricating nanofibers of different materials suitable for various applications. In this work, silica nanofibers have produced using the electrospinning method followed by the heat treatment. To fabricate silica nanofibers, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and Butanol were used to prepare the dope solutions.

Low oxygen tension promotes invasive ability and embryo implantation rate.

Low oxygen concentrations during in vitro embryo development not only improving the embryo quality but also can lead to successful implantation. Yet, there is no investigation at the molecular level to indicate the association between increased implantation rate and invasive ability of blastocyst and its inner cell mass quality with in vitro culture under a hypoxic condition. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate blastocyst formation, total cell number, hatching and implantation rates.

Effects of Endothelial and Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Improving Myocardial Function in a Sheep Animal Model.

Myocardial infarction is the main cause of death worldwide. Angiogenesis, a promising new therapy for the treatment of diffuse coronary artery disease, shows a poor response to conventional revascularization techniques. This study focused on improving myocardial function using endothelial cells (ECs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a sheep animal model.

Apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes transcripts patterns of graphene in mice.

Recent studies showed that a large amount of graphene oxide accumulated in kidney and liver when it injected intravenously. Evaluation of lethal and apoptosis gene expression in these tissues, which are under stress is very important. In this paper the in vivo dose-dependent effects of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide nanoplatelets on kidney and liver of mice were studied.

Ovine fetal mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to cardiomyocytes, effects of co-culture, role of small molecules; reversine and 5-azacytidine.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of small molecules: Reversine and 5-azacytidine (5-AC), in an indirect co-culture condition with the cardiac fibroblasts as well as non co-culture condition, in order to explore the effect of such molecules in the process of differentiation of the ovine bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) towards cardiomyocytes. Surface antigens of the isolated cells were analysed using flow-cytometry. In addition, following to three passages cells were examined for their differentiation capacity into osteocytes and adipose cells, in order to ensure the mesenchymal origin of the stem cells.

Expressional and Bioinformatic Analysis of Bovine Filia/Ecat1/Khdc3l Gene: A Comparison with Ovine Species.

Maternal effect genes have highly impressive effects on pre-implantation development. Filia/Ecat1/Khdc3l is a maternal effect gene found in mouse oocytes and embryos, loss of which causes a 50% decrease in fertility. In the present study, we investigated Filia mRNA expression in bovine oviduct, 30- to 40-day fetus, liver, heart, lung, and oocytes (as a positive control), by RT-PCR and detected it only in oocytes.

In vitro maturation of ovine oocyte in a modified granulosa cells co-culture system and alpha-tocopherol supplementation: effects on nuclear maturation and cleavage.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of α-tocopherol and granulosa cells monolayer on nuclear maturation and cleavage rates of ovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). The COCs (n = 2814) were matured in maturation medium supplemented with various concentration of α-tocopherol (0, 5, 10, 15 μg/ml), oocytes were incubated at 39 °C with 5 % CO2 for 24 h in three culture systems: (a) maturation medium (MM; n = 884), (b) co-cultured with granulosa cells (CG; n = 982) and (c) co-cultured with granulosa cells and cells were further cultured in MM for 12 h (CG + 12hMM; n = 948). Our results showed that α-tocopherol had no effect on GVBD and MII as compared to control group, but when α-tocopherol added to maturation medium the rate of cleavage decreased.

Preparation and characterization of (PCL-crosslinked-PEG)/hydroxyapatite as bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

In this study, interconnected porous bioactive scaffolds were synthesized for bone tissue engineering. At the first step, poly( ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) diols were diacrylated with acryloyl chloride. Then, the scaffolds were synthesized by radical crosslinking reaction of PCL and poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG) diacrylates in the presence of hydroxyapatite (HA) particles.

Paternal breed effects on expression of IGF-II, BAK1 and BCL2-L1 in bovine preimplantation embryos.

The effects of the paternal breed on early embryo and later pre- and postnatal development are well documented. Several recent studies have suggested that such paternal effects may be mediated by the paternally induced epigenetic modifications during early embryogenesis. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the paternal breed on the early embryonic development and relative expression of the maternally imprinted gene, IGF-II, and the apoptosis-related genes BAK1 and BCL2-L1 in in vitro produced (IVP) bovine embryos derived from two unrelated paternal breeds (Holstein and Brown Swiss).