Structured and Systematic Team and Procedure Training in Severe Trauma: Going from 'Zero to Hero' for a Time-Critical, Low-Volume Emergency Procedure Over Three Time Periods.

Background: Resuscitative emergency thoracotomy is a potential life-saving procedure but is rarely performed outside of busy trauma centers. Yet the intervention cannot be deferred nor centralized for critically injured patients presenting in extremis. Low-volume experience may be mitigated by structured training.

Long-Term Outcomes After Open Repair for Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.

Background: Early mortality in ruptured abdominal aneurysm (rAAA) is high, but data on long-term outcome are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcome in survivors after open surgery for rAAA in well-defined population.

Methods: This is a population-based, observational long-term follow-up (beyond 30-day mortality) study of patients surgically treated for rAAA from 2000 through 2014.

Phlegmasia cerulea dolens secondary to an aortoiliac aneurysm.

Phlegmasia cerulea dolens is an uncommon entity. We present a case of phlegmasia cerulea dolens secondary to an aortoiliac aneurysm that compressed the common iliac vein. Catheter-directed thrombolysis was not considered to be a suitable option, because the patient needed an urgent fasciotomy.

A Population-Based Study of Incidence, Presentation, Management and Outcome of Primary Thromboembolic Ischemia in the Upper Extremity.

Objectives: To investigate the epidemiology of acute upper limb thromboembolism in a well-defined Norwegian population.

Methods: This study was a retrospective, single-center, observational population-based cohort study of acute upper limb thromboembolism. The study included all patients from the hospital's primary catchment area from January 2000 to December 2015.

Characteristics, Stratification and Time to Death in a Population-Based Cohort of Patients with Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Not Undergoing Surgery.

Background: The available literature on ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAA) centers on survival after operation and commonly, reasons why some patients do not undergo surgery are not addressed. The aim of the present study is to examine, in a population-based cohort, the characteristics, stratification and time to death of patients admitted to hospital, but not undergoing operation for rAAA.

Methods: A retrospective, single-center study.

Comparing the accuracy of four prognostic scoring systems in patients operated on for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Objective: Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAAs) are associated with high mortality and morbidity. Several prognostic scoring systems are available for prediction of outcome, but scarcity of external validation and evaluation of predictive value has hampered widespread implementation. The aim of this study was to examine the discriminatory value of four scores in a consecutive Norwegian cohort.

Epidemiology of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms in a well-defined Norwegian population with trends in incidence, intervention rate, and mortality.

Objective: Ruptured infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAAs) represent both a life-threatening emergency for the affected patient and a considerable health burden globally. The aim of this study was to investigate the contemporary epidemiology of rAAA in a defined Norwegian population for which both hospital and autopsy data were available.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center population-based study of rAAA.

A randomized controlled study of uncomplicated gallstone disease with a 14-year follow-up showed that operation was the preferred treatment.

Background/aims: Cholecystectomy is considered the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstone disease. Some patients abstain from surgery and provide the opportunity to study the natural history of cholelithiasis. The aim of the present study was to examine the feasibility and safety of observation after extended long-term follow-up in a randomized controlled trial.

Long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of observation versus surgery for acute cholecystitis: non-operative management is an option in some patients.

Background: Cholecystectomy is routinely recommended to prevent recurrent disease after an initial episode of acute cholecystitis. Therefore, randomized controlled trials have mainly focused on the timing of surgery, but many patients scheduled for cholecystectomy have deferred surgery with long periods of symptom-free intervals. Our present aim is to examine the long-term feasibility and safety of observation compared with surgery.

[Abdominal aortic aneurysms--endovascular and open surgery].

Background: In Norway, repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms is performed in more than 800 patients annually. Open repair is an established procedure, but an increasing number of patients have undergone endovascular repair during the last decades. The paper delivers an up to date discussion of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Association between gallstone-evoked pain, inflammation and proliferation of nerves in the gallbladder: a possible explanation for clinical differences.

Objective: To investigate whether enhanced neuroproliferation could be involved in the pathogenesis of gallstone pain.

Material And Methods: Gallbladders from 117 patients with gallstones and 43 controls were examined. The gallbladder samples were immunostained against the pan-neuronal marker PGP 9.

Pain attacks in non-complicated and complicated gallstone disease have a characteristic pattern and are accompanied by dyspepsia in most patients: the results of a prospective study.

Objective: The cardinal indication for surgical treatment of gallstones is pain attacks. However, following cholecystectomy, 20% of patients remain symptomatic. It is unclear to what extent post-cholecystectomy symptoms can be ascribed to persistence of preoperative symptoms or to new pathology.

Pain persists in many patients five years after removal of the gallbladder: observations from two randomized controlled trials of symptomatic, noncomplicated gallstone disease and acute cholecystitis.

After removal of the gallbladder, pain may persist in some patients. To study this condition, 124 patients from two randomized trials, including those with symptomatic noncomplicated gallbladder stones (n = 90) and acute cholecystitis (n = 34), were interviewed, while 139 patients (90%) excluded from both trials responded to a questionnaire 5 years after the operation. Thirty-four patients (27%) of those randomized had pain; 23 (18%) had diffuse, steady pain; and 11 (9%) had pain attacks resembling their preoperative symptoms.