Global burden of disease attributable to metabolic risk factors in adolescents and young adults aged 15-39, 1990-2021.

Background: Metabolic risk factors are a significant cause of global burden among adolescents and young adults, but there is a lack of attention to the burden attributable to these metabolic risk factors globally.

Aims: This study aims to provide comprehensive estimates of five important metabolic risk factors and the attributable disease burden in people aged 15-39 years from 1990 to 2021, based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database.

Methods: Global total deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to describe the burden attributable to five common metabolic risk factors, including high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high systolic blood pressure (SBP), high body mass index (BMI), and kidney dysfunction, in adolescents and young adults.

Effect of nutrition-related infodemics and social media on maternal experience: A nationwide survey in a low/middle income country.

Background: Undernutrition is a crucial cause of morbidity and mortality among children in low- or middle-income countries (LMICs). A better understanding of maternal general healthy nutrition knowledge, as well as misbeliefs, is highly essential, especially in such settings. In the current era of infodemics, it is very strenuous for mothers to select not only the right source for maternal nutrition information but the correct information as well.

Effect of medium chain triglycerides enriched formula on growth of biliary atresia patients after Kasai portoenterostomy.

Background And Study Aims: Biliary atresia (BA) is the most common cause of neonatal cholestasis, negatively affecting nutritional status, growth, and development. It is the most frequent paediatric indication for liver transplantation. The Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE) operation is an effective procedure with favourable outcomes when performed before two months of age.

Health-related quality of life and cognitive function in children with Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 1.

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and cognitive function in patients with Crigler-Najjar syndrome (CNS) type I and its impact on their lives.

Methods: Twenty-one patients diagnosed with CNS type I aged 1 month to 18 years in the Paediatric Hepatology Unit of Cairo University Children's Hospital were enrolled in this cross-sectional observational study. The patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality Of Life BREF questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36).

The added value of brain MR spectroscopy in children with Crigler-Najjar syndrome type-I: correlation with demographic, neurodevelopmental, and laboratory findings.

Objective: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in the detection of brain microstructural changes in patients with Crigler-Najjar syndrome type-I (CNs-I), and its correlation with demographic, neurodevelopmental and laboratory findings.

Methods: Prospective study was conducted on 25 children with CNs-I and 25 age and sex-matched children, who served as control. They underwent multivoxel 1H-MRS of basal ganglion at echo time 135-144 ms.

Patterns of respiratory tract infections in children under 5 years of age in a low-middle-income country.

Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are among the most commonly encountered major public health problems, with a higher prevalence of lower RTIs among children and more generally the poor. The present study aimed to describe the pattern of respiratory tract infections in Egyptian children aged under 5 years and explore possible associations between socio-demographics and nutritional status and types of RTIs.

Methods: Over 6 months beginning in September 2018 (including one winter season), a cross-sectional, observational, epidemiological study was conducted on a sample of patients with upper and lower RTIs diagnosed clinically and/or radiologically in the outpatient clinics at Cairo University Children's Hospital in Egypt.

A New Perspective on the Quality of Life of Children with Glycogen Storage Diseases.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the quality of life (QoL) of children with glycogen storage disease (GSD) and their parents and to determine the impact of myopathies.

Methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted at the Cairo University Children's Hospital and National Liver Institute, Menoufia University. A promising new style of questionnaire called the Stark Quality of Life Questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life.

Serologic, endoscopic and pathologic findings in pediatric celiac disease: A single center experience in a low/middle income country.

Background: Studies in Africa, Asia, and Latin America are needed to provide a comprehensive picture of the global incidence of celiac disease (CD).

Aim: To describe the serology, endoscopic and histological findings in typical and atypical presentations of pediatric CD at a tertiary referral hospital in an African low/middle income country (LMIC).

Methods: This observational study was conducted on 199 patients with CD from 2010 to 2019.

Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Auditory Pathway in Patients With Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type I: Correlation With Auditory Brainstem Response.

Aim: To evaluate the role of diffusion tensor imaging of the auditory pathway in patients with Crigler Najjar syndrome type I and its relation to auditory brainstem response.

Methods: Prospective study was done including 12 patients with Crigler Najjar syndrome type I and 10 age- and sex-matched controls that underwent diffusion tensor imaging of brain. Mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy at 4 regions of the brain and brainstem on each side were measured and correlated with the results of auditory brainstem response for patients.

Consensus statement on the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, and management of cow's milk protein allergy in the Middle East: a modified Delphi-based study.

Background: This study aimed to develop an expert consensus regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in the Middle East.

Methods: A three-step modified Delphi method was utilized to develop the consensus. Fifteen specialized pediatricians participated in the development of this consensus.

Efficacy of single phototherapy with low-cost reflective sheets versus single phototherapy alone in mild-to-moderate unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in full-term neonates.

Background: An economical alternative method of increasing the light intensity of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice is the use of reflective sheets placed on the sides of the incubator.

Aim: To determine whether reflective sheets in addition to phototherapy increase the reduction of bilirubin levels and the duration of hospital stay.

Methods: The study was undertaken in the neonatal intensive care unit of Cairo University Children's Hospital.

A pilot study of the value of a stool color card as a diagnostic tool for extrahepatic biliary atresia at a single tertiary referral center in a low/middle income country.

Background And Study Aims: Biliary atresia (BA) is a major cause of hepatic failure and consequent liver transplantation in pediatrics. If BA is not diagnosed early and the proper surgical intervention is not performed before the age of 3 months, the survival of the affected infant is significantly reduced. In 1994, a stool color card (SCC) for early detection of BA was developed and used in Japan, a country where the parents' socioeconomic and education levels are high.