Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes in dairy products using the bacteriocin-like peptide cerein 8A.

The efficacy of the antimicrobial peptide cerein 8A to control the development of Listeria monocytogenes in milk and soft cheese was investigated. The addition of 160 AU ml(-1) cerein 8A to UHT milk resulted in a decrease of 3 log cycles in viable cells within the 14-day period at 4 degrees C. The viable counts of L.

Antibacterial activity of cerein 8A, a bacteriocin-like peptide produced by Bacillus cereus.

The mode of action of cerein 8A, a bacteriocin produced by the soil bacterium Bacillus cereus 8A, was investigated. The effect of cerein 8A was tested against Listeria monocytogenes and a bactericidal effect at 400 arbitrary units (AU)/ml was observed. In addition, cerein 8A was bactericidal against Bacillus cereus at 200 AU/ml, and inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Enteritidis.

A survey of children's acute, recurrent, and chronic pain: validation of the pain experience interview.

The ultimate objective of our epidemiological research is to complete a longitudinal population-based study to document the prevalence and impact of acute, recurrent, and chronic pain in children and adolescents. As the first phase of our epidemiological research, we developed a comprehensive screening instrument for identifying children with acute, recurrent, and chronic pain, the Pain Experience Interview. We designed this interview to provide information about the lifetime and point prevalence of various pains, and also to provide information about the intensity, affect, duration, and frequency of children's pain.

Psychiatric liaison to family medicine. Patient with delusional disorder.

The liaison model of consultation shows how including a psychiatrist on a medical team can enhance patient care. A case history of a patient with a delusion about her eyes and her need for ophthalmologic surgery is used to illustrate diagnosis and management of patients who misinterpret or deny signs of disease.

Ethical dilemmas for general practitioners under the UK new contract.

Possible distributive justice frameworks for providing health care by general practitioners are discussed. The ethical considerations before and after the recent changes to the British National Health Service are contrasted, with particular emphasis on a possible ethical divide that has been produced between fund-holding and non-fund-holding general practitioners. It is argued that general practitioners in non-fund-holding practices can continue as ethical advocates for their patients and distribute health care within an egalitarian framework.

How an ethics workshop for preceptors affects medical students.

Objective: To determine whether a workshop on medical ethics attended by family medicine preceptors would affect their students' learning of ethics, and what educational and experiential factors affected the students' learning about ethics.

Design: A 3-hour workshop planned by a group of family physicians and ethicists and taught by a faculty member and an ethicist was offered to family physician preceptors. Students entering the clerkship were invited by letter to complete written answers to two clinical papers.

Making ethics applicable in patient care settings.

The more complex modern medicine becomes, the more complex are the issues facing staff in health care facilities. The bioethics education committee at St. Joseph's Health Centre in London developed a unique short course in practical ethics for staff from several institutions.

The need for a clearly stated curriculum.

Many of the problems which are presented to family physicians are not covered by their medical training. In a residency program, these aspects of family medicine must be stressed-preferably by the same teacher, preferably over a period of time not less than two three-month blocks. The political implications of this emphasis are many and varied, but all of them lead to the same endpoint: the need for a clearly stated curriculum.

Some principles of evaluation for family medicine teachers.

The purpose of this paper is to show that evaluation is not an isolated facet of the educational process; on the contrary, it is part of a cyclical system. Evaluation is something from which many teachers and students shy away needlessly. This article outlines some positive steps towards making evaluation a sharing of information between teacher and learner.

Family practice residency training in the community: a report on four years' experience.

The Department of Family Medicine at the University of Western Ontario has been training family practice residents in community based group practices for four years. The methods used to select and evaluate the residents and their practice experience are outlined in this article. Despite difficulties which arose as a result of geographical distance, the experience was felt to be worthwhile by those who participated.

Faculty development at the dept. Of family medicine univ. Of Western ontario.

The Department of Family Medicine at the University of Western Ontario has been in existence for ten years. During this time there has developed a wealth of experience in helping members of the Department, both fulltime and part-time, to improve their skills as family practice teachers. The current faculty development program has dealt with the transition period from practitioner to teacher, the interaction of teacher and student and current concepts of learning theory.

Where next for canadian family medicine?

In 1966, two formal training programs in family medicine were launched in Canada, with a total of three residents. Now there are 16 programs with almost 700 residents. There are three current educational trends in family medicine: increased flexibility of the curriculum; increased emphasis on self-directed learning, and increased amounts of office and community based training.