Erratum: Monepantel considerably enhances the therapeutic potentials of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin and gemcitabine in ovarian cancer: in vitro and in vivo studies.

[This corrects the article on p. 2064 in vol. 8, PMID: 30416856.

Period prevalence and timing of contralateral hip fractures: An eighteen year retrospective cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.

Purpose: Second contralateral hip fractures (SCHF) are relatively uncommon. The overall prevalence of this is poorly reported in literature.

Methods: We performed a single centre retrospective cohort study in patients >50 years old who sustained a SCHF between 1st of January 2005 and 30th of April 2023.

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Stability in Irradiated Raw Milk and Wastewater and on Surfaces, United States.

We measured stability of infectious influenza A(H5N1) virus in irradiated raw milk and wastewater and on surfaces. We found a relatively slow decay in milk, indicating that contaminated milk and fomites pose transmission risks. Although the risk is low, our results call for caution in milk handling and disposal from infected cattle.

Climate finance and innovation with natural resource dependence thresholds.

The existing literature on the resource curse primarily focuses on macroeconomic impacts. This study extends this research by examining the firm-level effects of resource extraction on innovation and how climate finance can mitigate these negative impacts. Using firm level data from 100 countries, we show that climate finance and innovation are positively linked, with increases in climate finance significantly boosting the likelihood of both product and process innovations.

Preclinical Long-Term Stability and Forced Degradation Assessment of EPICERTIN, a Mucosal Healing Biotherapeutic for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

EPICERTIN, a biotherapeutic candidate for mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other mucosal disorders, was subjected to an extensive long-term stability program to evaluate its molecular stability and physicochemical properties. Additionally, a forced degradation assessment was conducted to identify EPICERTIN's degradation products under various conditions, including thermal stress, pH variations, agitation, and oxidation. The stability of EPICERTIN drug substance (DS), formulated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 1 mg/mL and stored at 5 °C and 25 °C/60% relative humidity (RH), was monitored over a 2-year period, referencing relevant regulatory guidelines.

Reducing physical assaults on residents through implementation of project BETA: Best practices in the evaluation and treatment of agitation.

Background And Objectives: We created a multitude of initiatives that were in line with the principles of the BETA (Best Practices in the Evaluation and Treatment of Agitation) guidelines to determine if these initiatives would reduce the physical assault rate by patients on emergency medicine (EM) residents.

Methods: We conducted three cross-sectional surveys of our EM residents (PGY-1 to -3) to determine the incidence of physical assaults by agitated patients at a large county hospital emergency department. These were primarily anonymous REDCap surveys and were administered at the following intervals: (1) pre-BETA initiative implementation, (2) approximately 12 months after implementation, and (3) 5 years postimplementation.

Improving Systemic Sclerosis Quality of Care.

Objective: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease with high morbidity and healthcare costs. Inconsistent quality of care delivery, including inadequate screening and monitoring, necessitates improvement. This study aimed to enhance the uptake of validated quality indicators (QIs) for SSc.

Comparative carbon footprinting study of reusable vs. disposable instruments in cataract surgery.

Background: Theatre activity is a major source of hospital waste, accounting for 21-30% of total output, and is 3-6 times more energy-intensive than any other hospital department. Cataract remains the leading cause of blindness worldwide, and cataract surgery is the most commonly performed surgical procedure worldwide, but to date has received little analysis in this field. The aim of this study was to evaluate the carbon impact of streamlining single-use packs, and transitioning from single-use items, to reusable equivalents in cataract surgery.

High-Altitude Retinopathy Presenting as Blue Spots with Prolonged Recovery: A Case Report.

Smith, Ben, Nicola Wetherill, and Daniel S. Morris. High-altitude retinopathy presenting as blue spots with prolonged recovery: a case report.

Depressive and Negative Symptoms in the Early and Established Stages of Schizophrenia: Integrating Structural Brain Alterations, Cognitive Performance, and Plasma Interleukin 6 Levels.

Background: Depressive and negative symptoms are related to poor functional outcomes in schizophrenia. Cognitive deficits, reduced brain cortical thickness and volumes, and inflammation may contribute to depressive and negative symptoms, but pharmacological treatment and disease progression may confound the associations.

Methods: We evaluated whether higher plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels would be associated with more severe negative or depressive symptoms in schizophrenia and explored illness stage utilizing early (BeneMin [Benefit of Minocycline on Negative Symptoms of Psychosis: Extent and Mechanism],  = 201, 72.

A randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial of ketamine in Rett syndrome.

Background: Preclinical studies and anecdotal case reports support the potential therapeutic benefit of low-dose oral ketamine as a treatment of clinical symptoms in Rett syndrome (RTT); however, no controlled studies have been conducted in RTT to evaluate safety, tolerability and efficacy.

Design: This was a sequentially initiated, dose-escalating cohort, placebo-controlled, double blind, randomized sequence, cross-over study of oral ketamine in 6-12-year-old girls with RTT to evaluate short-term safety and tolerability and explore efficacy.

Methods: Participants were randomized to either five days treatment with oral ketamine or matched placebo, followed by a nine-day wash-out period and then crossed-over to the opposite treatment.

Effects of a Distributed Form of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for Clinical Application: The Keys Treatment Protocol.

Background/aim: Currently, there are limited evidence-based protocols for improving upper extremity (UE) motor function after stroke. The Keys protocol, a distributed form of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT), delivers CIMT components in fewer hours per day over an extended period, fitting outpatient rehabilitation schedules and third-party payor models. This pilot study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Keys protocol in enhancing UE capacity and performance poststroke.

Leveraging Quality Improvement Tools to Improve Administration of First-line Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Patients Labeled as Penicillin Allergic.

Introduction: A reported penicillin allergy reduces the likelihood that the patient will receive first-line surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP), which can increase the risk of developing a surgical site infection (SSI). This project aimed to increase the use of first-line SAP agents in orthopedic and pediatric surgery patients with a reported penicillin allergy.

Methods: The Institute for Healthcare Improvement quality improvement methodology was followed.

Genomics yields biological and phenotypic insights into bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder is a leading contributor to the global burden of disease. Despite high heritability (60-80%), the majority of the underlying genetic determinants remain unknown. We analysed data from participants of European, East Asian, African American and Latino ancestries (n = 158,036 cases with bipolar disorder, 2.

Novel technique and outcomes of umbilical reconstruction during cytoreductive surgery; a multi-centre study.

Background: The goal of cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal malignancy is to remove all macroscopic disease, which occasionally requires the excision of the umbilicus. While the absence of the umbilicus can be aesthetically undesirable for patients, umbilical reconstruction is rarely performed due to the perceived complexity and increased risk of wound infections (Sakata et al. in Colorectal Dis 23:1153-1157, 2021).

Susceptibility of bovine respiratory and mammary epithelial cells to avian and mammalian derived clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.

Zoonotic transmission of avian influenza viruses into mammals is relatively rare due to anatomical differences in the respiratory tract between species. Recently, clade 2.3.

Transient glycan-shield reduction induces CD4-binding site broadly neutralizing antibodies in SHIV-infected macaques.

Unlabelled: Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting the HIV-1 CD4-binding site (CD4bs) occur infrequently in macaques and humans and have not been reproducibly elicited in any outbred animal model. To address this challenge, we first isolated RHA10, an infection-induced rhesus bNAb with 51% breadth. The cryo-EM structure of RHA10 with HIV-1 envelope (Env) resembled prototypic human CD4bs bNAbs with CDR-H3-dominated binding.

Interventions used to reduce infectious aerosol concentrations in hospitals-a review.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for improved infectious aerosol concentrations through interventions that reduce the transmission of airborne infections. The aims of this review were to map the existing literature on interventions used to improve infectious aerosol concentrations in hospitals and understand challenges in their implementation.

Methods: We reviewed peer-reviewed articles identified on three databases, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to July 2024.

Antimicrobial resistant Enterobacterales of clinical importance in mute swans.

Urban water environments, including canals, harbours and estuaries are susceptible to contamination with antimicrobials and drug-resistant bacteria through domestic and industrial wastewater discharges and storm water overflows. There is potential for wildlife using these waters to acquire and transmit drug-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) of clinical importance. This study aimed to assess clinically important drug-resistant bacteria in urban waterfowl, particularly mute swans.

Visualization of in-situ chemical flow through sand using neutron radiography.

Chemical movement through soil is an important process in agriculture and ecology. Observing the spatial and temporal dynamics of these processes using conventional chemical ecology methods requires techniques that are destructive and/or lack resolution. Neutron radiography has the capability to allow chemical motion through sand/soil to be tracked with high spatial and temporal resolution, and we show that it allows for the motion of hydrophobic and hydrophilic chemicals to be distinguished.

Use of a Non-Endoscopic Capsule-Sponge Triage Test for Reflux Symptoms: Results From the NHS England Prospective Real-World Evaluation.

Background: Acid reflux is a common presentation in primary care leading to a high volume of referrals to endoscopy that are often normal.

Aims: To determine whether a non-endoscopic capsule sponge biomarker test could triage patients with low-risk reflux symptoms, reduce endoscopy waiting lists and identify Barrett's oesophagus in a real-world setting.

Methods: Patients with reflux symptoms on NHS endoscopy waiting lists who were offered a capsule sponge (test group) between February 2021 and August 2022 were included in this national multicentre prospective cohort study and compared with eligible patients on the standard endoscopy pathway (counterfactual group).

Autologous macrophage therapy for liver cirrhosis: a phase 2 open-label randomized controlled trial.

Cirrhosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality; however, there are no approved therapies except orthotopic liver transplantation. Preclinical studies showed that bone-marrow-derived macrophage injections reduce inflammation, resolve fibrosis and stimulate liver regeneration. In a multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, phase 2 randomized controlled trial ( ISRCTN10368050 ) in n = 51 adult patients with compensated cirrhosis and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score ≥10 and ≤17, we evaluated the efficacy of autologous monocyte-derived macrophage therapy (n = 27) compared to standard medical care (n = 24).

Using a novel smartphone app to track noise and vibration exposure during neonatal ambulance transport.

Objective: To assess the utility of a bespoke smartphone app to map noise and vibration exposure across neonatal road ambulance journeys.

Design And Setting: Prospective observational study of ambulance journeys across a large UK neonatal transport service. Smartphones, with an in-house developed app, were secured to incubator trolleys to collect vibration and noise data for comparison with international standards.

Transcaval embolisation of type-II endoleaks - The Australian experience.

Objectives: Embolizing an abdominal aortic aneurysm sac through a transcaval approach is a novel approach to treat type-II endoleaks that occur following aortic endografting. This study reviews the outcomes of this treatment in one of the few centres in Australia that offers this procedure.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including patients who had received transcaval embolisation of type-II endoleak over a 9-year period.