[Auditory tube dysfunction in children. Part 2].

The presented literature review examines in detail the methods for diagnosing the auditory tube, the history of development of studies of the Eustachian tube and the treatment of its dysfunction in children. The issue of dysfunction of the auditory tube as one of the causes of the formation of chronic hearing loss in childhood is increasingly being identified because of the rapid development of technologies and methods for examining patients. Aim is to study the multiple etiologic factors of the disease and the need for an integrated approach to the study of this condition.

[Two-year experience in the balloon dilatation treatment of children with persistent auditory tube dysfunction].

Is to study the effectiveness of the of balloon dilatation of the auditory tube in children with persistent dysfunction of the auditory tube. Examination and treatment of 28 children aged 5 to 16 years with persistent dysfunction of the auditory tube was performed. To diagnose and objectify the results of the treatment, taking of complaints and medical history of the patient, examination of ENT organs, endoscopic examination of the nose, nasopharynx and otoendoscopy, functional multispiral computed tomography of the auditory tubes, audiological examination (tympanometry, tonal threshold audiometry) were performed.

[Auditory tube dysfunction in children (literature review, part 2)].

The presented literature review examines in detail the methods for diagnosing the auditory tube, the history of development of studies of the Eustachian tube and the treatment of its dysfunction in children. The issue of dysfunction of the auditory tube as one of the causes of the formation of chronic hearing loss in childhood is increasingly being identified because of the rapid development of technologies and methods for examining patients. Aim is to study the multiple etiologic factors of the disease and the need for an integrated approach to the study of this condition.

[Auditory tube dysfunction in children (literature review, part 1)].

We present the review of the literature on the anatomical and physiological features of the structure of the auditory tube in children, epidemiology, etiology, and the pathogenesis of the formation of auditory tube dysfunction is presented. The first part of the article presents in more detail the structural and functional differences in the Eustachian tube in children, the classification and mechanism of the occurrence of the auditory tube dysfunction in pediatric practice.

[On the issue of treatment of exudative otitis media in children].

Aim: To increase the effectiveness of treatment of children with catarrhal and secretory stages of exudative otitis media (EOM) through the development of a therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm for the management of children with this condition.

Material And Method: From 2008 to 2017, 346 children (682 ears) aged from 3 to 13 years with exudative otitis media were examined and treated. Two groups of patients were formed: Group 1 (150 children, 298 ears) - with a catarrhal stage of EOM, group 2 (196 children, 384 ears) - with a secretory stage of EOM.

[Persistant dysfunction of the eustachian tube: solving the problem].

Each person experienced an unpleasant sensation of congestion of the ear during a flight or in rhinorrhea, which is caused by dysfunction of the Eustachian tube (ET). People with persistent ET dysfunction live with this sensation for months and years. Persistent ET dysfunction in children reaches 40%, in adults it is up to 5%.

Role of immune system in development and progress of combined arterial hypertension and gout.

Objective: Introduction: Multiple data available indicate high prevalence of comorbid abnormalities in gouty arthritis patients, namely, high incidence of arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, atherosclerosis of carotid arteries, vascular dementia. For instance, hypertension is found in 36-41% gout patients, and combined with metabolic syndrome it may reach 80%. The aim: Studying features of clinical course, lipid profile and immune status in patients with combined hypertension and gout.

Immunohistochemical characteristics of the hypophysis in normal conditions and chronic stress.

Quantitative immunohistochemical methods were used to assess activation of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenocortical system at the level of its central component - the adenohypophysis - in the growing body during chronic exposure to psychoemotional stressors of different strengths. Sprague-Dawley rats aged 30 days were subjected to "mild" or "severe" immobilization stress for 5 h per day for seven days. Animals were decapitated at the end of the last stress session and the endocrine glands (hypophysis, adrenals) were harvested, weighed, and embedded in paraffin; sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and also immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) following by automated image analysis.

[Immunohistochemical characteristics of the hypophysis under normal and stress-associated conditions].

Quantitative immunohistochemical investigation was undertaken to detect the peculiarities of the activation of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-adrenocortical system at the level of its central unit--the adenohypophysis--in the growing organism under the conditions of chronic exposure to psycho-emotional stressors of varying intensities. Sprague-Dawley rats aged 30 days were exposed to either mild or severe chronic restraint stress for 5 hours during seven consecutive days. After the last exposure to stress, rats were decapitated, the endocrine glands (pituitary and adrenal glands) were removed, weighted, and embedded in paraffin; histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

[Effect of alien cytoplasm of goatgrass on biological and physiological properties of alloplasmic wheats].

Long-term studies of the cytoplasm-nucleus interactions in alloplasmic hybrids with the nucleus of Triticum aestivum functioning in the alien cytoplasm of Aegilops ovata are reviewed. The interaction of heterologous genome and cytoplasm affects the balanced mechanisms of developmental control of the parental forms. The changes are observed at all levels of both physiological and morphological processes.