[Peculiarities of leukotrienes metabolism in vitamin E deficiency in rats].

Some changes take place in the spectrum of fatty acid, cholesterol and individual phospholipids' composition in the rat liver, under E-hypovitaminosis, that can play a considerable role in the cell damage. The level of cysteinyl leucotriene decreases in the blood and liver under E-hypovitaminosis and it rises to the control level under vitamin E correction. This demonstrates the influence of tocopherol on 5-LO pathway arachidonic acid.

[Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence enzyme activity in multiple sclerosis].

Changes of state of lipid peroxidation and activity of antioxidant defence enzymes katalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase - in the brain and liver tissue of guinea-pig in conditions of different stages of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE; 11th, 21st, 27th day after inoculation) and in blood of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with different types, degrees of severity and length of disease and blood level of reduced glutathione have been investigated. We have found, that the development of oxidative stress in animal organism during the disease development is progressive and intensive lipid peroxide oxidation without compensation by antioxidant mechanisms have been shown in the late period (27th day) of the experiment. In MS conditions this state was accompanied with high activity of demyelination process, severe degree of neuronal injury and length of disease above 5 years.

[Lipids and caplain in guinea pig tissues in the process of development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis].

The character of some lipids level change--cholesterol and phospholipids--as basic lipid components of cell membranes in the guinea-pig brain and liver tissue, and in serum in conditions of development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) have been investigated on the 11th, 21st, 27th day after inoculation. It has been detected, that the level of the investigated lipids changes wavely and indifferent-direction in the brain tissue on the 21st day of EAE. Similar variability observed in the activity of proteolytic ferment calpain, which is authentically reduced in the brain tissue by the 11th hour and increases up to the test objective level in the subsequent periods of EAE development.

[Redox-state of NAD pairs and activity of lactatedehydrogenase and NADase in guinea pig tissues at different stages of development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis].

Changes of NAD content, redox-state, enzyme activity in the brain and liver tissues of Guinea pigs at different stages of development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) were investigated using the model of multiple sclerosis. It was shown, that the most legible changes of the investigated parameters occur on the preclinical stage and the stage of initial neurological symptoms. The increase of the brain NAD level and reduction properties of NAD+/NADH pairs reduction properties against a background of inhibition of lactatedehydrogenase activity was observed in the early terms of EAE development (7-15 day).

[Vitamin D3 and 20-hydroxyecdysone -- inhibitors of free radical lipid oxidation during D-hypervitaminosis].

Under D-hypovitaminosis (control) conditions the statistically reliable increase of blood serum lipids free radical oxidation was revealed in comparison with the intact animals. Administration of vitamin D3 to the animals suffering from D-hypovitaminosis leads for statistically reliable decrease of blood serum lipids free radical oxidation, while 20-hydroxyecdysone in quantity of 0.02 mg per 1 kg of the animal body weight displays the antioxidative properties.

[Effect of C27-steroids on lipid peroxidation in rat liver mitochondria].

The influence of C27-steroids--vitamin D3 and 20-hydroxyecdysone in free-radical reactions on lipid peroxidation in the mitochondrial fraction of rat's liver has been studied. Antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase and the content of lipid components--cholesterol and phospholipids has been determined. The assumption was put forward that antioxidant action of steroids was possible as a result of to the modification of mitochondrial membrane through its lipid content and changing of its cholesterol: phospholipids content.

[Characteristics of antioxidant properties of 20-hydroxyecdysone in low density lipoproteins by kinetic parameters of chemiluminescence].

20-Hydroxyecdysone is capable to terminate the lipid free-radical oxidation in low density lipoprotein in vitro as displayed by the kinetic chemiluminescence parameters. In concentrations interval from 2 x 10(-6) mol/l up to 8 x 10(-6) mol/l it statistically reliably reduces maximum of the first flash intensity of the low density lipoprotein Fe(2+)-initiated chemiluminescence. It testifies about Fe(2+)-initiated lipid peroxide process decomposition in low density lipoprotein slowing down by 20-hydroxyecdysone.

[Placenta--a source of biologically active substances].

In the review there are some data displaying the scientific and patent literature presenting placenta as a rich source of some biologically active substances (BAS): proteins, lipids, enzymes, glycolipids and glycolipoproteins, hormones. This information is capable to be used while developing the techniques of BAS producing from placenta in order of creating the organospecific complex preparations with medically-preventive properties.

[Effect of vitamin D3 on free-radical oxidation of lipids in low density lipoproteins in vitamin D deficiency].

The lipid free radical oxidation in low density lipoproteins was investigated on D-deficiency model in vivo. The processes of lipid free radical oxidative activation in low density lipoproteins at D-deficiency occurred. The chemiluminescence kinetic parameters: the maximum intensity of the first flash and inclination angle tangent of an ascending branch of the second flash grew at D-deficiency in comparison with control group (p < 0.

[Antioxidant effect of 20-hydroxyecdysone in a model system].

Changes in the level of lipid free-radical oxidation in mitochondrial fraction at the presence of 20-hydroxyecdysone in 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 microM concentration with the help of a chemiluminescence (ChL) method were investigated in vitro. Statistically authentic reduction of ChL kinetic parameters--I(s) and tg alpha, at 20-hydroxyecdysone presence in concentration of 2 microM was found. 20-hydroxyecdysone administration in concentration 4 microM and more leads to the statistically authentic change of all four ChL parameters.

[Effect of vitamin D3, arginine, and a biologically active complex from Serratula coronata on free radical oxidation of lipids in vitamin D deficiency].

Lipid free-radical oxidation (LFRO) on the D-deficient model with the animal administration per os by vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), specimen from Serratula coronata plant, containing low molecular weight biological sterol--20-hydroxyecdysone (ecdysterone) was investigated. As well influence of arginine as one of the amino acid components of the specimen from Serratula coronata was investigated. The LFRO in the blood serum, liver microsomal and mitochondrial fractions were characterize by measured of the chemiluminescence kinetic parameters.

Chemiluminescence determination of the in vivo and in vitro antioxidant activity of RoseOx and carnosic acid.

Lipid free-radical oxidation has been studied in vivo in the mitochondrial fractions of the liver of rats fed RoseOx (carnosic acid nutritional supplement) by measuring chemiluminescence. The kinetics of the lipid chemiluminescence in rats fed RoseOx are significantly different from those of the control. The intensity of the chemiluminescence fast flash decreases by 45% (p < 0.

[Lipids and their antioxidant activity in tissues of ruminant animals].

The work deals with the estimation of lipids in the bovine tissues (liver, intestine, skin) of the animals bred for the industrial purposes. The tests displayed, that depending on ration, breeding conditions and providing the animals organism with vitamins, the lipids levels in the liver, intestine and skin changes. As a result of the experiments the conclusion was made that deficiency of fatty-soluble vitamins A, D, E in the animals fodder provided for the disturbance of lipid metabolism in their organism and for the development of a pathologic process: a light form of alimentary parathyroid-osteodistrophia.

Effects of vitamin D3 and ecdysterone on free-radical lipid peroxidation.

Free-radical-induced lipid peroxidation was studied in vivo by measuring chemiluminescence of tissues from vitamin D-deficit animals before and after peroral administration of low-molecular-weight biological steroids vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and ecdysterone. The kinetics of lipid chemiluminescence in model systems in vitro were determined in blood serum and microsomal and mitochondrial fractions of the liver. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and ecdysterone displayed antiradical properties; the latter was more potent in this respect.

[The normal tear fluid and decreased tearing in patients with Sjögren's disease and Sjögren's syndrome. II. The lipid content].

Studies of total lipids--squalene, cholesterol and sterol ethers, fatty acids and their ethers, lanosterol, oxysterols and phospholipids in 25 patients (50 eyes) with Sjogren's disease and 26 patients (52 eyes) with Sjogren's syndrome have revealed a statistically significant reduction of phospholipid quantities and an increase in fatty acids, and cholesterol in patients vs. the normal subjects. Possible influence of lipid components on the structure and function of the tear pellicle is discussed.

[The normal tear fluid and decreased tearing in patients with Sjögren's disease and Sjögren's syndrome. I. The protein and glucose content].

Studies of total proteins, lysozyme and glucose in 25 patients (50 eyes) with Sjogren's disease and 26 patients (52 eyes) with Sjogren's syndrome have revealed a statistically significant reduction of tear production in patients vs. the normal subjects. The results obtained can be used both for diagnostic and therapeutic, purposes, in particular for dry-eye patients.

[Department of sterol biochemistry].

The Department of Steroid Biochemistry headed by Professor Vendt Volodymir Petrovich, Doctor of Biological Sciences (1906-1993) was created on the basis of the Department of Photobiochemistry in 1976. At that time the Department was headed by Kokunin Vasyl Andriyovich, Candidate of biological sciences, till 1990. Professor Yu.

[Chemical analysis of qualitative and quantitative composition of urinary concrements].

A complex system of chemical investigation of urinary concrements has been developed. Qualitative analysis methods have been improved so that conclusions about urinary calculus composition are based on the data of objective chemical reactions specific for this or that component. This makes the conclusion highly reliable.

[Enzyme activity and lipids of a preparation from the pyloric ceca of salmon].

Proteolytic activity and lipid composition of enzymic preparations of water extract from the pyloric caeca of salmon fishes have been studied. Phospholipids and sterols are tightly bound with proteins. The participation of lipids in the proteolytic activity is discussed.

[Lipoproteins of rat small intestine epithelial cells in D-hypovitaminosis].

Chemical composition of lipoproteins has been studied in intestinal epitheliocytes of rats in normalcy and under D-hypovitaminosis. It is found that D-hypovitaminosis induces changes in the lipid and protein composition of lipoproteins. It is supposed that disturbances in biosynthesis of the lipoprotein components and their transport may be possible reasons of such changes.

[Medico-social care of the disabled with chronic lung diseases in a rural area].

According to the interview survey of 374 disabled persons due to chronic non-specific lung diseases, residing in rural areas of two regions of the Ukrainian SSR and engaged primarily in agricultural industry it was found that 66.6 percent of them considered the harmful effect of industrial conditions as the main cause of their disability. Some other factors were also considered important: late applications for medical aid apropos of the major disease, inadequate treatment, insufficient and inadequate examination at curative establishments, smoking, similar diseases in the family anamnesis, etc.

[Vitamin D-dependent protein of smooth endoplasmic reticulum membranes of rat enterocytes].

DEAE-cellulose chromatography and SDS-PAAG electrophoresis were used to study proteins from endoplasmic reticulum of smooth and rough enterocyte membranes in the vitamin D-replete and deficient rat. The membrane-bound vitamin-D-dependent protein with a molecular weight of 21-25 kDa is shown to consist of the endoplasmic reticulum of smooth membranes. The intensive binding of calcium by these membranes is established.

[Lipids and proteolipids in membranes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of rat enterocytes. Vitamin D-dependent calcium binding].

The lipid and proteolipid composition of endoplasmic reticulum smooth membranes from rat enterocytes in normalcy and under D-hypovitaminosis is studied to show the Ca2+-binding with these components. These membranes in vitamin D-deficiency are established to differ in the cholesterol content. Proteolipids 1 and 2 are isolated from the lipid fraction of membranes.