Comprehensive peripheral blood immunoprofiling reveals five immunotypes with immunotherapy response characteristics in patients with cancer.

The lack of comprehensive diagnostics and consensus analytical models for evaluating the status of a patient's immune system has hindered a wider adoption of immunoprofiling for treatment monitoring and response prediction in cancer patients. To address this unmet need, we developed an immunoprofiling platform that uses multiparameter flow cytometry to characterize immune cell heterogeneity in the peripheral blood of healthy donors and patients with advanced cancers. Using unsupervised clustering, we identified five immunotypes with unique distributions of different cell types and gene expression profiles.

Osmotic Attraction: A New Mechanism of Nanoparticle Aggregation.

Solvent-induced interactions of nanoparticles in colloidal solutions can substantially affect their physicochemical and transport properties. Predicting these interactions is challenging because the natural causes of the interactions are unclear. Here, we present a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of the coagulation stability of the surfacted magnetic colloids.

Correction: Shape-controlled anisotropy of superparamagnetic micro-/nanohelices.

Correction for 'Shape-controlled anisotropy of superparamagnetic micro-/nanohelices' by Alexander M. Leshansky , , 2016, , 14127-14138, https://doi.org/10.

Can the Thermophoretic Mobility of Uncharged Colloids Be Predicted?

The thermophoretic motion of nonionic colloids in an inhomogeneous temperature field is due to the solvent-colloid dispersion interactions. The latter form an attractive near-particle "gravity" field that leads to sinking of the colder solvent layers toward a colloid. The spatial extension of this microconvective motion is comparable to the size of the colloids, which prove to be small enough to observe their own regular thermophoretic drift to the cold.

Synchronization of quasiperiodic oscillations in nearly Hamiltonian systems: The degenerate case.

Quasiperiodic perturbations of two-dimensional nearly Hamiltonian systems with a limit cycle are considered. The behavior of solutions in a small neighborhood of a degenerate resonance is studied. Special attention is paid to the synchronization problem.

Quantum analysis of luminescence of an exciton in a meso-cavity.

Interaction of cavity modes with an exciton in a meso-cavity (the structure supporting several cavity modes separated by an energy interval comparable to Rabi-splitting of an exciton and cavity modes) has been analyzed using a quantum-mechanical approach. Simultaneous interaction of an exciton and several cavity modes results in few novel effects such as ladder-like increase of the exciton population in the system, quantum beating and non-monotonic dependence of the ground polariton state in the system on the pumping.

Brownian Particle Thermal Drift Caused by Hydrodynamic Fluctuations.

We have studied the thermophoretic drift of a Brownian particle within the framework of the theory of fluctuating hydrodynamics of Landau and Lifshitz. The stochastic motion of a dispersed particle results from the fluctuating part of the stress tensor of the liquid. In the presence of a temperature gradient, the mean volume force acting on the liquid assumes a finite value due to non-vanishing quadratic terms in the fluctuations, which originate from the temperature dependence of the viscosity.

Impact of the Spectral Composition of Kilovoltage X-rays on High-Z Nanoparticle-Assisted Dose Enhancement.

Nanoparticles (NPs) with a high atomic number () are promising radiosensitizers for cancer therapy. However, the dependence of their efficacy on irradiation conditions is still unclear. In the present work, 11 different metal and metal oxide NPs (from Cu ( = 29) to BiO ( = 83)) were studied in terms of their ability to enhance the absorbed dose in combination with 237 X-ray spectra generated at a 30-300 kVp voltage using various filtration systems and anode materials.

Modeling Propulsion of Soft Magnetic Nanowires.

The emergent interest in artificial nanostructures that can be remotely navigated a specific location in a fluidic environment is motivated by the enormous potential this technology offers to biomedical applications. Originally, bio-inspired micro-/nanohelices driven by a rotating magnetic field were proposed. However, fabrication of 3D helical nanostructures is complicated.

Control of the surface plasmon dispersion and Purcell effect at the metamaterial-dielectric interface.

The use of metamaterial as a way to mitigate the negative effects of absorption in metals on the Purcell effect in metal-dielectric structures is investigated. A layered metal-dielectric structure is considered as an anisotropic medium in the long-wavelength limit. The dispersion of the surface plasmon appearing at the boundary between such a structure and a different dielectric material, as well as the position of the peak in the local density of states are studied for various combinations of materials and filling factors of the periodic structure.

Proposal for a photoacoustic ultrasonic generator based on Tamm plasmon structures.

The scheme of a generation of ultrasound waves based on optically excited Tamm plasmon structures is proposed. It is shown that Tamm plasmon structures can provide total absorption of a laser pulse with arbitrary wavelength in a metallic layer providing the possibility of the use of an infrared semiconductor laser for the excitation of ultrasound waves. Laser pulse absorption, heat transfer and dynamical properties of the structure are modeled, and the optimal design of the structure is found.

Towards focusing of a swarm of magnetic micro/nanomotors.

Magnetic micro- and nanoparticles propelled by a rotating magnetic field provide a new technology for targeted drug delivery. The therapeutic effect of the technology is achievable with the collective action of large groups (swarms) of the motors. Narrowing of the swarm width before it reaches the target or, vice versa, its expansion prior to deposition on the channel walls are of high importance.

Micrometric Monodisperse Solid Foams as Complete Photonic Bandgap Materials.

Solid foams with micrometric pores are used in different fields (filtering, 3D cell culture, etc.), but today, controlling their foam geometry at the pore level, their internal structure, and the monodispersity, along with their mechanical properties, is still a challenge. Existing attempts to create such foams suffer either from slow speed or size limitations (above 80 μm).

Radiosensitization by Gold Nanoparticles: Impact of the Size, Dose Rate, and Photon Energy.

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) emerged as promising antitumor radiosensitizers. However, the complex dependence of GNPs radiosensitization on the irradiation conditions remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the impacts of the dose rate and photon energy on damage of the pBR322 plasmid DNA exposed to X-rays in the presence of 12 nm, 15 nm, 21 nm, and 26 nm GNPs.

An Unreasonable Universality of the Thermophoretic Velocity.

Thermophoresis is the migration of dispersed molecules or particles in an inhomogeneous temperature field. It has been associated with various nonequilibrium phenomena ranging from stratified oil reservoirs to prebiotic evolution and the origin of life. The thermophoretic velocity is difficult to predict and appears almost random.

Weak and strong coupling of photons and excitons in planar meso-cavities.

The interaction of an exciton and cavity modes is considered in planar meso-cavities, which have lateral sizes corresponding to few wavelengths. In meso-cavities, the frequency interval between the optical modes is comparable or smaller than the value of the Rabi splitting between the exciton and the optical modes. The Hamiltonian of the interaction between the exciton and the cavity modes is constructed, and it is shown that such an interaction between the cavity modes and the exciton can occur both in weak and in strong coupling regimes.

The Soret effect of halobenzenes in n-alkanes: The pseudo-isotope effect and thermophobicities.

We have measured the Soret coefficients of three halobenzenes-fluoro-, chloro-, and bromobenzene-in n-alkanes ranging from hexane to hexadecane over the entire composition range at a temperature of 25 °C. With these new results, two semi-empirical models for the Soret effect, which are based on the pseudo-isotope effect and on the single-component thermophobicities, could significantly be expanded and put on a broader common experimental basis. In particular, for the longer alkanes, above decane, a simplified version of the pseudo-isotope effect yields a good description.

[Predictors of perioperative complications in children with obstructive uropathy].

Aim: To identify predictors of perioperative complications in children with obstructive uropathy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 178 patients with obstructive uropathy were divided into 3 groups. In Group 1 there were 108 children with hydronephrosis, while Group 2 included 47 children with ureterohydronephrosis and Group 3 consisted of 23 children with bladder outlet obstruction according to the results of clinical, laboratory, microbiological, X-ray and pathologic study.

Enhancement of light emission in Bragg monolayer-thick quantum well structures.

Control over spontaneous emission rate is important for improving efficiency in different semiconductor applications including lasers, LEDs and photovoltaics. Usually, an emitter should be placed inside the cavity to increase the spontaneous emission rate, although it is technologically challenging. Here we experimentally demonstrate a phenomenon of super-radiance observed in a cavity-less periodic Bragg structure based on InAs monolayer-thick multiple quantum wells (MQW).

Revising of the Purcell effect in periodic metal-dielectric structures: the role of absorption.

Periodic metal-dielectric structures attract substantial interest since it was previously proposed that the spontaneous emission amplification rates (the Purcell factor) in such structures can reach enormous values up to 10. However, the role of absorption in real metals has not been thoroughly considered. We provide a theoretical analysis showing that absorption leads to diminishing values of Purcell factor.

Photonics of Template-Mediated Lattices of Colloidal Clusters.

The recent progress in microfluidic microfabrication enables mass production of "colloidal molecules" with a preprogrammed geometry (e.g., dumbbells, tetrahedrons, etc.

Different regimes of the Purcell effect in disordered photonic crystals.

We demonstrate that disorder in photonic crystals could lead to pronounced modification of spontaneous emission rate in the frequency region corresponding to the photonic band gap (PBG). Depending on the amount of disorder, two different regimes of the Purcell effect occurs. We provide statistical analysis of Purcell coefficient on the frequency of the emitter and its position within the sample.

[Forensic medical criteria for the evaluation of the unfavourable outcomes of the roentgeno-endovascular operations on the arteries of the lower extremities].

The objective of the present work was to develop the forensic medical criteria for the evaluation of the unfavourable outcomes of the roentgeno-endovascular operations (REVO) on the arteries of the lower extremities. The study included the analysis of the conclusions based on the results of the commission forensic medical examinations, attorney inquiry reports, query response, medical histories of the hospitalized patients who had undergone the roentgeno-endovascular operations on the arteries of the lower extremities. The criteria for the forensic medical evaluation of the unfavourable outcomes of the roentgeno-vascular operations on the arteries of the lower extremities have been proposed together with the indications for REVO, methods and tools for the performance of these surgical procedures.