Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation to Improve Functional Recovery and Predict Outcome After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Narrative Review.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a leading cause of stroke-related mortality and long-term disability, with initial ICH volume, age, location of the hemorrhage, and clinical severity being key predictors of outcome. While clinical scores incorporating these elements are validated and exhibit good inter-rater reliability, their accuracy in predicting long-term recovery remains suboptimal. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has emerged as a potential adjunct for improving both prognostication and functional recovery in ICH survivors.

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Alzheimer Disease: A Comparison Between Different Versions of the Boston Criteria.

Objectives: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is the main driver of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIAs) in Alzheimer disease (AD). We compared different versions of the Boston criteria for CAA diagnosis in AD.

Methods: This article presents a single-center analysis (outpatient neurodegenerative clinic) of patients with AD with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early dementia, meeting NIA-AA criteria and having biological amyloid confirmation (CSF or imaging).

Patterns and predictors of statin therapy after ischemic stroke and TIA: insights from the LIPYDS multicenter study.

Background: Patients with ischemic stroke (IS) or TIA face an elevated cardiovascular risk, warranting intensive lipid-lowering therapy. Despite recommendations, adherence to guidelines is suboptimal, leading to frequent undertreatment. This study aims to evaluate the statin use after IS and TIA.

Premorbid frailty, stress hyperglycemia ratio, and functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Frailty, defined as multidimensional prognostic index (MPI), has been recently identified as strong predictor of disability and mortality in the elderly with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is a recently introduced biomarker significantly associated with poor outcome in AIS.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate in what extent frailty, measured by MPI, and SHR affects the 3-months outcome of patients > 65 years-old with AIS.

Medial intracranial carotid artery calcifications and hematoma expansion in deep intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Medial intracranial carotid artery calcifications (ICAC) are associated with impaired vascular physiology, increased arterial stiffness and pulse pressure. Their presence might therefore be associated with increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) expansion, according to the avalanche model. We explored the association between ICAC presence and pattern and hematoma expansion (HE).

Scedosporium Brain Abscess: A Rare and Fatal Drawback of Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy.

The patient described in this case report was admitted to the San Luigi Hospital in Turin for confusion, drowsiness, and buccal and eye deviation. An acute neurological disease was suspected. He was affected by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) on active treatment with the novel Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) acalabrutinib.

Differences in Trunk Acceleration-Derived Gait Indexes in Stroke Subjects with and without Stroke-Induced Immunosuppression.

: Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit (NRB). This study aims to evaluate the association between SII and gait impairment at NRB admission. : Forty-six stroke patients (65.

Clinical and imaging manifestations of intracerebral hemorrhage in brain tumors and metastatic lesions: a comprehensive overview.

Purpose: This observational study aims to provide a detailed clinical and imaging characterization/workup of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) due to either an underlying metastasis (mICH) or brain tumor (tICH) lesion.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, single-center study, evaluating patients presenting with occult ICH on initial CT imaging, classified as tICH or mICH on follow-up MRI imaging according to the H-Atomic classification. Demographic, clinical and radiological data were reviewed.

Multi-phase CT-Angiography outperforms angiographic careggi collateral score and predicts functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke.

Background: Collaterals are a strong determinant of clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients undergoing Endovascular Treatment (EVT). Careggi Collateral Score (CCS) is an angiographic score that demonstrated to be superior to the widely suggested ASITN/SIR score. Multi-phase CT-Angiography (mCTA) could be alternatively adopted for collateral assessment.

miR-15a targets the HSP90 co-chaperone Morgana in chronic myeloid leukemia.

Morgana is a ubiquitous HSP90 co-chaperone protein coded by the CHORDC1 gene. Morgana heterozygous mice develop with age a myeloid malignancy resembling human atypical myeloid leukemia (aCML), now renamed MDS/MPN with neutrophilia. Patients affected by this pathology exhibit low Morgana levels in the bone marrow (BM), suggesting that Morgana downregulation plays a causative role in the human malignancy.

Hypoperfusion intensity ratio correlates with collaterals and predicts outcome and infarct volume in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Background: Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio (HIR) is associated with collaterals and outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We investigated whether a combined assessment of HIR and collaterals could provide an added value.

Methods: Retrospective single-center study, including AIS patients with large vessel occlusion and endovascular treatment 0-24 h from onset.

The role of stroke-induced immunosuppression as a predictor of functional outcome in the neurorehabilitation setting.

Stroke affects the interconnection between the nervous and immune systems, leading to a down-regulation of immunity called stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII). The primary aim of this study is to investigate SII role as a predictor of functional, neurological, and motor outcomes in the neurorehabilitation setting (NRB). We conducted a prospective observational study enrolling post-acute stroke patients hospitalized for neurorehabilitation.

Uncommon Causes of Nontraumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage is an important health issue. Although common causes such as hypertension and cerebral amyloid angiopathy predominantly affect the elderly, there exists a spectrum of uncommon etiologies that contribute to the overall incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage. The identification of these rare causes is essential for targeted clinical management, informed prognostication, and strategic secondary prevention where relevant.

Factor VII Deficiency in Systemic Mastocytosis with an Associated Myeloid Neoplasm.

Factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder that can be classified as congenital or acquired, and the majority of acquired cases are due to vitamin K deficiency or liver disease. Isolated acquired FVII deficiency is a rare occurrence and has been associated with inhibitors or auto-antibodies. Here, we describe a patient with polycythemia vera who developed systemic mastocytosis and FVII deficiency simultaneously.

Aberrant Platelet Aggregation as Initial Presentation of Essential Thrombocythemia: Failure of Entero-Coated Aspirin to Reduce Platelet Hyperactivation.

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm variant characterized by excessive production of platelets. Since the most common cause of mortality and morbidity in ET patients is thrombosis, the excessive production of platelets may cause thrombotic events. However, little is known about the function of platelets in ET.

Acute care bundles should be used for patients with intracerebral haemorrhage: An expert consensus statement.

Purpose: Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is the most devastating form of stroke and a major cause of disability. Clinical trials of individual therapies have failed to definitively establish a specific beneficial treatment. However, clinical trials of introducing care bundles, with multiple therapies provided in parallel, appear to clearly reduce morbidity and mortality.