Effect of cognitive rehabilitation on neuropsychological and semiecological testing and on daily cognitive functioning in multiple sclerosis: The REACTIV randomized controlled study.

Background: Specific cognitive rehabilitation (SCR) has been suggested for multiple sclerosis (MS). A randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the therapeutic effects of SCR is necessary.

Objective: To demonstrate the superiority of a SCR program (REACTIV) over nonspecific intervention (NSI) for neuropsychological (NP) assessment, virtual reality (VR) cognitive testing and daily cognitive functioning.

Differential Gray Matter Vulnerability in the 1 Year Following a Clinically Isolated Syndrome.

Whether some gray matter (GM) regions are differentially vulnerable at the early stages of MS is still unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate whether deep and cortical GM are differentially vulnerable after a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). Fifty-six patients with CIS (PwCIS) and 38 healthy controls (HC) had conventional and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at baseline and 46 PwCIS and 20 HC were rescanned after 1 year.

Preliminary evidence of the cerebellar role on cognitive performances in clinically isolated syndrome.

Background: Cerebellar and cognitive dysfunction can occur early in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Eye tracking is a reliable tool for the evaluation of both subtle cerebellar symptoms and cognitive impairment.

Objectives: To investigate the early cognitive profile using neuropsychological and ocular motor (OM) testing in CIS with and without cerebellar dysfunction with OM testing compared to healthy subjects (HS).

Microstructural analyses of the posterior cerebellar lobules in relapsing-onset multiple sclerosis and their implication in cognitive impairment.

Background: The posterior cerebellar lobules seem to be the anatomical substrate of cognitive cerebellar processes, but their microstructural alterations in multiple sclerosis (MS) remain unclear.

Objectives: To correlate diffusion metrics in lobules VI to VIIIb in persons with clinically isolated syndrome (PwCIS) and in cognitively impaired persons with MS (CIPwMS) with their cognitive performances.

Methods: Sixty-nine patients (37 PwCIS, 32 CIPwMS) and 36 matched healthy subjects (HS) underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging, including 3D T1-weighted and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Cerebellar Assessment in Early Multiple Sclerosis.

Cerebellar impairment is frequent and predictive of disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). The Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT) is commonly used to assess cerebellar symptoms despite its lack of specificity for cerebellar ataxia. Eye-tracking is a reliable test for identifying subtle cerebellar symptoms and could be used in clinical trials, including those involving early MS patients.

Posterior lobules of the cerebellum and information processing speed at various stages of multiple sclerosis.

Background: Cerebellar damage has been implicated in information processing speed (IPS) impairment associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) that might result from functional disconnection in the frontocerebellar loop. Structural alterations in individual posterior lobules, in which cognitive functioning seems preponderant, are still unknown. Our aim was to investigate the impact of grey matter (GM) volume alterations in lobules VI to VIIIb on IPS in persons with clinically isolated syndrome (PwCIS), MS (PwMS) and healthy subjects (HS).

Does cerebrospinal fluid analysis add predictive value to magnetic resonance imaging for long term irreversible disability in patients with early multiple sclerosis?

Background: The independent prognostic value of cerebrospinal fluid analysis in multiple sclerosis is not established.

Objective: To determine the prognostic value of intrathecal synthesis in a cohort of patients with relapsing-onset MS taking into consideration demographic and imaging parameters.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study conducted from 1993 to 2013, we analyzed the time to confirmed disability (persistent above 6 months) and irreversible disability (persistent for the entire disease course) of two disability milestones, Expanded Disability Status Scale score ≥ 4 or 6, and the time to secondary progressive onset in 579 patients with relapsing-onset multiple sclerosis.

Clinical and histological outcome predictors in renal limited pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis: a single centre experience.

Renal-limited vasculitis is a pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis with no signs of systemic involvement, representing one of the most common causes of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The study aims to examine clinical and histological features in twenty-four patients with RLV diagnosed by the Nephrology Department of Sapienza University of Rome, Italy, evaluating the role of these parameters in predicting renal survival. Patients details, clinical and histological features and outcomes were recorded at the time of renal biopsy and over a mean follow-up period of 36±6 months.