Effects of Genipin Crosslinking of Porcine Perilimbal Sclera on Mechanical Properties and Intraocular Pressure.

The mechanical properties of sclera play an important role in ocular functions, protection, and disease. Modulating the sclera's properties by exogenous crosslinking offers a way to expand the tissue's range of properties for study of the possible influences on the eye's behavior and diseases such as glaucoma and myopia. The focus of this work was to evaluate the effects of genipin crosslinking targeting the porcine perilimbal sclera (PLS) since the stiffness of this tissue was previously found in a number of studies to influence the eye's intraocular pressure (IOP).

Pregnancy-Related Thromboembolism-Current Challenges at the Emergency Department.

Thrombotic events during pregnancy are burdened by an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, despite innovations in their diagnosis and treatment. Given their multifactorial etiology, it is important to understand all the pathophysiological mechanisms but especially to achieve correct and timely diagnosis. Pulmonary embolism (PE) during pregnancy represents a rare event, with an incidence of 1 per 1000 pregnancies, but it is also one of the leading causes of death during pregnancy.

Impact of vision impairment on discharge destination for patients with hip fracture.

Introduction: Vision impairment (VI) due to low vision or blindness is a major sensory health problem affecting quality of life and contributing to increased risk of falls and hip fractures (HF). Up to 60% of patients with hip fracture have VI, and VI increases further susceptibility to falls due to mobility challenges after HF. We sought to determine if VI affects discharge destination for patients with HF.

[Comparison of Surgical Outcome of Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy between the Novice and Experienced Surgeon in Laparoscopic Surgery].

We retrospectively analyzed the safety and surgical outcomes of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) by the novice surgeon (performed ＜5 laparoscopic surgery). Between November 2017 and December 2020, there were 15 cases in which the novice surgeon performed part of LSC, 8 cases in which the novice performed all of LSC, and 50 cases in which the experienced surgeon (performed ＞100 laparoscopic surgery) performed all of LSC. We compared surgical outcome of the 50 cases operated by the experienced surgeon and 23 cases operated by the novice.

3D imaging of aqueous veins and surrounding sclera using a dual-wavelength photoacoustic microscopy.

Understanding aqueous outflow resistance at the level of aqueous veins has been a challenge to the management of glaucoma. This study investigated resolving the anatomies of aqueous veins and the textures of surrounding sclera using photoacoustic microscopy (PAM). A dual wavelength PAM system was established and validated using imaging phantoms, porcine and human globes perfused with an optical contrast agent .

Hydronephrosis severity as a predictor of postoperative renal function decline following laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy.

Background: This study aimed to investigate factors, including the degree of hydronephrosis, that may be associated with decreased renal function after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).

Methods: This study included 252 patients who underwent laparoscopic RNU with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 30 ml/min/1.73 m in three institutions.

Atypical Oncologic Failure After Laparoscopic Radical Nephroureterectomy in a Japanese Multicenter Study.

To investigate the recurrence patterns and the atypical oncologic failure (AOF) defined as the presence of atypical recurrences, such as retroperitoneal carcinomatosis or port-site recurrence, after laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy (LRNU). LRNU performed at three institutions were included in this retrospective study. The primary endpoints were the first recurrence site and recurrence-free survival.

Antiepileptic Drugs Modulate Alzheimer-Related Tau Aggregation in a Neuronal Activity-Independent Manner.

Introduction: A rapidly increasing number of patients with dementia present a serious social problem. Recently, the incidence of epilepsy in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing, drawing attention to the pathological relationship between the two conditions. Clinical studies have suggested the protective action of antiepileptic agents on dementia; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown.

Clinical outcomes following laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy in octogenarians.

Background: This study aimed to compare the incidence of postoperative complications occurring within 30 days of surgery between octogenarians and younger patients and identify preoperative risk factors for the incidence of postoperative complications. Moreover, we also compared the oncological outcomes between octogenarians and younger patients.

Methods: This retrospective study included 283 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma from 2002 to 2020.

Predicting Age-Related Macular Degeneration Progression with Contrastive Attention and Time-Aware LSTM.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in developed countries. Identifying patients at high risk of progression to late AMD, the sight-threatening stage, is critical for clinical actions, including medical interventions and timely monitoring. Recently, deep-learning-based models have been developed and achieved superior performance for late AMD prediction.

Eye Dynamics and Engineering Network Consortium: Baseline Characteristics of a Randomized Trial in Healthy Adults.

Purpose: To improve understanding of intraocular pressure (IOP) and its variance, this project identifies systemic and ocular characteristics of healthy eyes of adult volunteers including IOP variation, ocular biometrics, and aqueous humor dynamics (AHDs). These data serve as baseline controls for further studies from the Eye Dynamics and Engineering Network (EDEN) Consortium.

Design: Multicenter open-label clinical trial in healthy adults randomized to 1 week treatment with 2 approved glaucoma drugs in a crossover design.

Access to eye care and prevalence of refractive error and eye conditions at a high school-based eye clinic in southeastern Michigan.

Purpose: To analyze clinical and demographic data from a twice monthly optometrist-run comprehensive eye program at a high school in a community with high rates of poverty.

Methods: Students received comprehensive eye examinations. We collected demographic and ocular data on 429 initial visits from February 2015 to July 2019.

The Management of Hypertensive Emergencies-Is There a "Magical" Prescription for All?

Hypertensive emergencies (HE) represent high cardiovascular risk situations defined by a severe increase in blood pressure (BP) associated with acute, hypertension mediated organ damage (A-HMOD) to the heart, brain, retina, kidneys, and large arteries. Blood pressure values alone do not accurately predict the presence of HE; therefore, the search for A-HMOD should be the first step in the management of acute severe hypertension. A rapid therapeutic intervention is mandatory in order to limit and promote regression of end-organ damage, minimize the risk of complications, and improve patient outcomes.

Disparities in Vision Impairment and Eye Diseases among Early Late-Life Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, Michigan Site.

Objective: To quantify the burden of vision impairment (VI) and ocular conditions among early late-life women.

Methods: Women ( = 254, mean age 66.0 years) participated in a comprehensive vision assessment.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Glaucoma Associated With Congenital Ectropion Uvea.

Purpose: To determine the visual outcomes and effectiveness of glaucoma surgeries in congenital ectropion uvea.

Design: Retrospective interventional case series.

Methods: Surgeries and examination findings were collected on 11 eyes of 8 patients with congenital ectropion uvea at 2 academic sites from 2001 to 2021.

[Development of the Radiation Protective Curtain for the Dose Reduction of Caregivers during Computed Tomography Examinations].

Purpose: During computed tomography (CT) examinations, it may be necessary to assist the patient to maintain an appropriate body position. However, there is little protective equipment available for caregivers who approach the gantry. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of novel radiation protective curtains in reducing radiation exposure to caregivers while assisting patients, especially during CT examinations of the head.

Complications and their management following retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in conjunction with retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy.

Objectives: To describe the detailed perioperative complications and their management after retroperitoneal lymph node dissection with retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma at three institutions.

Methods: Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection was performed on patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma located at the pelvis and/or upper or middle ureter, and its template included the renal hilar and para-aortic lymph nodes (left side) and the renal hilar, paracaval, retrocaval, and intra-aortocaval lymph nodes (right side). The lymph nodes and kidneys were removed en bloc.

Hydrodynamic Interaction Between Tear Film and Air Puff From Noncontact Tonometry.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of potential droplet formation in response to air puff deformation with two noncontact tonometers (NCTs).

Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers were examined using two NCTs, Ocular Response Analyzer and Corvis ST, and two contact tonometers, iCare and Tono-Pen. High-speed videos of the tear film response were captured with at spatial resolution of 20 microns/pixel at 2400 fps.

Method for the biomechanical analysis of aqueous veins and perilimbal sclera by three-dimensional photoacoustic imaging and strain field calculation.

A method motivated by the eye's aqueous veins is described for the imaging and strain calculation within soft biological tissues. A challenge to the investigation of the biomechanics of the aqueous vein-perilimbal sclera tissue complex is resolution of tissue deformations as a function of intraocular pressure and the subsequent calculation of strain (a normalized measure of deformation). The method involves perfusion of the eye with a contrast agent during conduction of non-invasive, optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy.

Longitudinal association of midlife vision impairment and depressive symptoms: the study of Women's Health Across the Nation, Michigan site.

Objective: Poor vision affects physical health but the relationship with depressive symptoms among midlife adults (40-65 y), who often present with early stage vision impairment (VI), is not well understood. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of vision on depressive symptoms during midlife.

Methods: The Michigan site of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation conducted assessments of distance visual acuity at six consecutive, near-annual follow-up visits.

The Effects of Topical Timolol and Latanoprost on Calculated Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Nonglaucomatous Volunteers.

To characterize the effects of timolol and latanoprost on calculated ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) in a multicenter, prospective, crossover-design study. Nonglaucomatous volunteers were evaluated at baseline, after 1 week of timolol 0.5% dosed twice daily, and after 1 week of latanoprost 0.

Non-invasive Clinical Measurement of Ocular Rigidity and Comparison to Biomechanical and Morphological Parameters in Glaucomatous and Healthy Subjects.

To assess ocular rigidity using dynamic optical coherence tomography (OCT) videos in glaucomatous and healthy subjects, and to evaluate how ocular rigidity correlates with biomechanical and morphological characteristics of the human eye. Ocular rigidity was calculated using Friedenwald's empirical equation which estimates the change in intraocular pressure (IOP) produced by volumetric changes of the eye due to choroidal pulsations with each heartbeat. High-speed OCT video was utilized to non-invasively measure changes in choroidal volume through time-series analysis.

Midlife Vision Impairment and Cognitive Function in Later Life: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, Michigan Cohort.

Background: In older adults, vision impairment (VI) is associated with worse cognitive function. However, the relationship between midlife vision and future cognitive function remains unknown.

Methods: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, Michigan site, is a longitudinal cohort of midlife women aged 42-52 years at baseline.