Distribution and functional analysis of two-types of Quorum Sensing Gene Pairs, glaI1/glaR1 and glaI2/glaR2, in Burkholderia gladioli.

Burkholderia gladioli produces a yellow-pigmented toxin called toxoflavin, and causes disease on a variety of plants. Previous studies have suggested that the pathogenicity of B. gladioli is regulated by an N-acyl-l-homoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated quorum sensing (QS) system.

Infrared laser-induced gene expression in single cells characterized by quantitative imaging in Physcomitrium patens.

A spatiotemporal understanding of gene function requires the precise control of gene expression in each cell. Here, we use an infrared laser-evoked gene operator (IR-LEGO) system to induce gene expression at the single-cell level in the moss Physcomitrium patens by heating a living cell with an IR laser and thereby activating the heat shock response. We identify the laser irradiation conditions that provide higher inducibility with lower invasiveness by changing the laser power and irradiation duration.

sp. nov., a pathogen causing bacterial soft rot of Japanese angelica tree in Japan.

Phytopathogenic bacteria (MAFF 302110 and MAFF 302107) were isolated from lesions on Japanese angelica trees affected by bacterial soft rot in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. The strains were Gram-reaction-negative, facultatively anaerobic, motile with peritrichous flagella, rod-shaped, and non-spore-forming. The genomic DNA G+C content was 51.

Identification and characterization of novel N-acylhomoserine lactonase from nonpathogenic Allorhizobium vitis, a candidate for biocontrol agent.

Some strains of nonpathogenic Allorhizobium vitis can control crown gall disease in grapevines caused by pathogenic A. vitis and are considered candidates for biocontrol agents. Many plant pathogenic bacteria regulate the expression of their virulence genes via quorum sensing using N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) as a signaling compound.

Nationwide prospective registry database of patients with newly diagnosed untreated pleural mesothelioma in Japan.

Due to the scarcity of large-sized prospective databases, the Japanese Joint Committee for Lung Cancer Registry conducted a nationwide prospective registry for newly diagnosed and untreated pleural mesothelioma. All new cases diagnosed pathologically as any subtype of pleural mesothelioma in Japan during the period between April 1, 2017, to March 31, 2019, were included before treatment. Data on survival were collected in April 2021.

A Review of Cyclic Phosphatidic Acid and Other Potential Therapeutic Targets for Treating Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic degenerative joint disease, is the most common form of arthritis. OA occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of bones gradually breaks down. This leads to the rubbing of bones against each other, resulting in pain and stiffness.

N -acylhomoserine lactone-degrading activity of Trichoderma species and its application in the inhibition of bacterial quorum sensing.

Many gram-negative pathogens can activate virulence factors under the control of N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL）-mediated quorum sensing. AHL-degrading enzymes have been investigated for their application in disease control. Trichoderma is a genus of fungi inhabiting various types of soil and are widely used as biocontrol agents for plant pathogens.

sp. nov. isolated from the rhizosphere of eggplant in Japan.

The search for bacteria that can be used as biocontrol agents to control crop diseases yielded a promising candidate, Sm006, which was isolated from the rhizosphere of eggplant () growing in a field in Aichi Prefecture, Japan, in 2006. The cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and motile with one polar flagellum. The results of homology searches and phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that Sm006 represents a member of the genus .

Genomic Reclassification and Phenotypic Characterization of Pseudomonas putida Strains Deposited in Japanese Culture Collections.

Pseudomonas putida is a major species belonging to the genus Pseudomonas. Although several hundred strains of P. putida have been deposited in culture collections, they potentially differ from the genetically defined "true Pseudomonas putida" because many were classified as P.

Glutamate Positively Regulates Chitinase Activity and the Biocontrol Efficacy of .

Broad-spectrum biocontrol by CHA0 and other fluorescent pseudomonads is achieved through the generation of various secondary metabolites with antibiotic activities against not only other microbes but, also, nematodes and insects present in the rhizosphere. A previous metabolomic study demonstrated that intracellular low-molecular weight effectors, such as guanosine tetraphosphate and γ-aminobutyrate, function as important signals in niche adaptation by strain CHA0 to plant roots. We investigated the role of amino acids in the biocontrol trait of Cab57 towards Pythium damping off and root rot in cucumber.

Effects of 2-carba-cyclic phosphatidic acid derivatives on IL-1β-stimulated human chondrocytes.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease characterized by the breakdown of subchondral bone and cartilage damage, most often affecting middle-aged and elderly people. Although the etiology of OA is still unknown, some reports suggest that inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)- 1β mediate the progression of OA. To investigate the effect of IL-1β and the possibility of treatment for OA, we applied 2-carba-cyclic phosphatidic acid (2ccPA) and its derivatives on human chondrocytes.

Effects of Marine Sand on the Microbial Degradation of Biodegradable Plastics in Seawater and Biofilm Communities that Formed on Plastic Surfaces.

Four types of biodegradable plastics were evaluated for their biodegradability in seawater collected at Ajigaura coast, Japan, in the presence or absence of marine sand. One of the plastics, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH), showed a degree of biodegradation in a seawater sample, and the addition of marine sand markedly accelerated its biodegradation. The addition of marine sand did not affect the bacterial composition of the biofilm that formed on PHBH, and the family Rhodobacteraceae, which was predicted to contribute to the degradation of PHBH, was dominant in biofilm communities regardless of the addition of marine sand.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma in situ.

Although the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma at an in situ stage was traditionally challenging, it is now possible owing to advances in molecular biological methods such as P16 fluorescence in situ hybridization or BRCA1-associated protein 1 immunohistochemistry. Here, we report the first case, to our knowledge, of total parietal pleurectomy for mesothelioma in situ. Future follow-up and accumulation of cases are necessary to determine whether total parietal pleurectomy could be applied as a treatment for mesothelioma in situ or not.

Regulation of phenazine-1-carboxamide production by quorum sensing in type strains of Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. chlororaphis and Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. piscium.

Quorum sensing is a population density-dependent gene regulation mechanism. N-Acyl-l-homoserine lactone (AHL) has been identified as a signal compound in quorum sensing in gram-negative bacteria. Phenazine derivatives are bacterial secondary metabolites known for their broad-spectrum antifungal activity.

Impact of the first surge of the coronavirus disease pandemic on general thoracic surgery practices in Kanagawa: a questionnaire survey by the Kanagawa General Thoracic Surgical Study Group.

Objectives: The first surge in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection had a significant impact on health care institutions. Understanding how the pandemic affected general thoracic surgery would provide valuable data for establishing a health care protocol for upcoming surges.

Methods: A questionnaire survey on coronavirus disease-related patient statistics and health care was conducted between February 2020 and June 2020 across 14 facilities affiliated with the Kanagawa General Thoracic Surgery Study Group.

Comparative Genome Analysis Reveals Differences in Biocontrol Efficacy According to Each Individual Isolate Belonging to Rhizospheric Fluorescent Pseudomonads.

Biocontrol fluorescent pseudomonads produce a number of antibiotic organic compounds, including 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, pyrrolnitrin, and phenazine. We previously classified rhizospheric fluorescent pseudomonads harboring antibiotic biosynthetic gene clusters into 10 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). In the present study, we report the complete genome sequences of selected strains from these OTUs.

Comparative genome analysis reveals the presence of multiple quorum-sensing systems in plant pathogenic bacterium, Erwinia rhapontici.

We present the complete genome sequences of 3 Erwinia rhapontici strains, MAFF 311153, 311154, and 311155. These chromosome sequences contained variety types of luxI/luxR gene pair involved in acylhomoserine lactone biosynthesis and reception. Large-scale insertion sequence was observed in the indigenous plasmid of MAFF 311154 and contained eraI3/eraR3 gene pair that make possible to produce acylhomoserine lactone.

Detection of Culturable Bacteria from Tomato Seeds on Media Semi-selective for the Canker Pathogen.

Culturable bacteria were isolated from tomato seeds using media selective for the canker pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. Clustering analysis (>99% identity) revealed the presence of 16 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) among isolates detected on semi-selective media.

Genetic and functional diversity of PsyI/PsyR quorum-sensing system in the Pseudomonas syringae complex.

Strains belonging to the Pseudomonas syringae complex often possess quorum-sensing systems that comprise N-acyl-l-homoserine lactone (AHL) synthases (PsyI) and AHL receptors (PsyR). Here, we investigated the diversity of PsyI/PsyR quorum-sensing systems in 630 strains of the P. syringae complex.