Identification of New Biological Pathways Involved in Skin Aging From the Analysis of French Women Genome-Wide Data.

Skin aging is an ineluctable process leading to the progressive loss of tissue integrity and is characterized by various outcomes such as wrinkling and sagging. Researchers have identified impacting environmental factors (sun exposure, smoking, etc.) and several molecular mechanisms leading to skin aging.

Extracellular Vesicles in Human Skin: Cross-Talk from Senescent Fibroblasts to Keratinocytes by miRNAs.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their miRNA cargo are intercellular communicators transmitting their pleiotropic messages between different cell types, tissues, and body fluids. Recently, they have been reported to contribute to skin homeostasis and were identified as members of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype of human dermal fibroblasts. However, the role of EV-miRNAs in paracrine signaling during skin aging is yet unclear.

Cosmetics increase skin evenness: Evidence from perceptual and physical measures.

Background: Cosmetics are commonly attributed with increasing skin evenness, yet little published data characterizes the effect, either perceptually or physically. We therefore investigated whether makeup increases skin evenness using a perceptual measurement and two physical measurements of color and luminance homogeneity.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two French women (aged 29-45 years) were photographed without cosmetics, with self-applied cosmetics, and with professionally-applied cosmetics.

Evidence That the Hormonal Contraceptive Pill Is Associated With Cosmetic Habits.

Hormonal contraception is known to cause subtle but widespread behavioral changes. Here, we investigated whether changes in cosmetic habits are associated with use of the hormonal contraceptive pill. We photographed a sample of women ( = 36) who self-reported whether or not they use the contraceptive pill, as well as their cosmetic habits.

Differential effects of makeup on perceived age.

Makeup accentuates three youth-related visual features - skin homogeneity, facial contrast, and facial feature size. By manipulating these visual features, makeup should make faces appear younger. We tested this hypothesis in an experiment in which participants estimated the age of carefully controlled photographs of faces with and without makeup.

Small extracellular vesicles and their miRNA cargo are anti-apoptotic members of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype.

Loss of functionality during aging of cells and organisms is caused and accompanied by altered cell-to-cell communication and signalling. One factor thereby is the chronic accumulation of senescent cells and the concomitant senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that contributes to microenvironment remodelling and a pro-inflammatory status. While protein based SASP factors have been well characterized, little is known about small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and their miRNA cargo.

Blocking negative effects of senescence in human skin fibroblasts with a plant extract.

There is increasing evidence that senescent cells are a driving force behind many age-related pathologies and that their selective elimination increases the life- and healthspan of mice. Senescent cells negatively affect their surrounding tissue by losing their cell specific functionality and by secreting a pro-tumorigenic and pro-inflammatory mixture of growth hormones, chemokines, cytokines and proteases, termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Here we identified an extract from the plant subsp.

A genome wide association study identifies new genes potentially associated with eyelid sagging.

Sagging eyelid is considered as an outward of skin ageing and may cause medical issues. However, little is known about the factors involved in sagging eyelid. The study, which aims at determining genetic risk factors for eyelid sagging, was conducted in a cohort of 502 unrelated Caucasian women living in the Paris region.

Validation of digital photographic reference scales for evaluating facial aging signs.

Background: Validated tools are essential to evaluate facial skin aging for both dermatological and cosmetic investigations. While many visual aging scales have been developed, few have been validated and none in terms of degree of distinguishability (DD). We developed and validated a series of visual scales using a novel digital interface for scoring facial skin aging in Caucasian women.

Facial Contrast Is a Cross-Cultural Cue for Perceiving Age.

Age is a fundamental social dimension and a youthful appearance is of importance for many individuals, perhaps because it is a relevant predictor of aspects of health, facial attractiveness and general well-being. We recently showed that facial contrast-the color and luminance difference between facial features and the surrounding skin-is age-related and a cue to age perception of Caucasian women. Specifically, aspects of facial contrast decrease with age in Caucasian women, and Caucasian female faces with higher contrast look younger (Porcheron et al.

A genome-wide association study in Caucasian women suggests the involvement of HLA genes in the severity of facial solar lentigines.

Solar lentigines are a common feature of sun-induced skin ageing. Little is known, however, about the genetic factors contributing to their development. In this genome-wide association study, we aimed to identify genetic loci associated with solar lentigines on the face in 502 middle-aged French women.

Facial contrast is a cue for perceiving health from the face.

How healthy someone appears has important social consequences. Yet the visual cues that determine perceived health remain poorly understood. Here we report evidence that facial contrast-the luminance and color contrast between internal facial features and the surrounding skin-is a cue for the perception of health from the face.

Coloration in different areas of facial skin is a cue to health: The role of cheek redness and periorbital luminance in health perception.

Looking healthy is a desirable trait, and facial skin color is a predictor of perceived health. However, skin conditions that cause dissatisfaction with appearance are specific to particular facial areas. We investigated whether color variation in facial skin is related to perceived health.

Elastic wave induced by friction as a signature of human skin ageing and gender effect.

Background: In this work, we propose an innovative approach based on a rotary tribometer coupled with laser velocimetry for measuring the elastic wave propagation on the skin.

Methods: The method is based on a dynamic contact with the control of the normal force (Fn ), the contact length and speed. During the test a quantification of the friction force is produced.

Morphological, structural and biophysical properties of French and Brazilian photoaged skin.

Background: Knowledge of skin biology and its alterations in different populations is very important for the development of appropriate skincare strategies.

Objectives: To evaluate and compare morphological, structural and biophysical properties of photoaged skin in French and Brazilian populations, using biophysical and skin-imaging techniques.

Methods: Forty-one French and 41 Brazilian healthy, female volunteers aged between 40 and 65 years were enrolled.

Influence of skin ageing features on Chinese women's perception of facial age and attractiveness.

Objectives: Ageing leads to characteristic changes in the appearance of facial skin. Among these changes, we can distinguish the skin topographic cues (skin sagging and wrinkles), the dark spots and the dark circles around the eyes. Although skin changes are similar in Caucasian and Chinese faces, the age of occurrence and the severity of age-related features differ between the two populations.

A genome-wide association study in Caucasian women points out a putative role of the STXBP5L gene in facial photoaging.

A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on 502 French middle-aged Caucasian women to identify genetic factors that may affect skin aging severity. A high-throughput Illumina Human Omni1-Quad beadchip was used. After single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) quality controls, 795,063 SNPs remained for analysis purposes.

Skin surface hydration decreases rapidly during long distance flights.

Introduction: Dehydration of the stratum corneum leads to sensations and symptoms of 'dry skin' such as skin tightness and itchiness. As these complaints are frequently experienced by airline travellers, the aim of this study was to investigate the changes in skin surface hydration during long distance flights.

Methods: The study was performed on four healthy Caucasian, and on four Japanese women aged 29-39 years, travelling on long distance flights.

Assessment of sun reactive skin type with multiple correspondence analysis, hierarchical and tree-structured classification methods.

The sun reactive skin type classification is based on sunburn susceptibility, tanning ability and phenotypic information. As subjects rarely match all features of a given skin type, the attribution to a class is partially subjective. The aims of the study, were to analyse the contribution of each characteristic to the classification made by the expert, and to establish a classification based on a statistical approach conducted on 212 women living in the Ile-de-France area.

Influence of skin colour on the detection of cutaneous erythema and tanning phenomena using reflectance spectrophotometry.

Background/purpose: This research aims at assessing the influence of baseline skin colour on the ability of reflectance spectrophotometry to detect cutaneous erythema induced by a low concentration of methyl nicotinate (2.5 mM) (first objective), and to detect tanning induced by ultraviolet rays (UVA+UVB) at infra-erythemal doses (second objective).

Methods: Two independent studies were conducted to reach their respective objectives, on 27 women for the first study and on 12 women for the second study.

Self-reported skin sensitivity in a general adult population in France: data of the SU.VI.MAX cohort.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the frequency of self-assessed facial skin sensitivity and its different patterns, and the relationship with gender and sun sensitivity in a general adult population.

Methods: A standardized 11-item questionnaire investigating reactions experienced during the past year was developed. The questions explored different patterns of skin sensitivity: pattern I (blushing related to vascular reactivity), pattern II (skin reactions to certain environmental conditions), pattern III (skin reactions after substance contact), and for women pattern IV ('breakout of spots' related to menstrual cycle).

Effect of hormonal replacement therapy on skin biophysical properties of menopausal women.

Background/purpose: Hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) has been shown in the past to influence well being as well as several somatic features in menopausal women. The aim of this analysis was to study the effect of HRT on various biophysical properties of the skin of menopausal women. Two sub-samples were built to test the effect (1) of 'short-term' HRT in recently menopausal women (n=15), and (2) the effect of 'medium- and long-term' HRT in menopausal women (n=78).

[Effect of hormonal replacement therapy on cutaneous biophysical properties of menopausal women].

Purpose: The aim of this analysis was to study the possible effect of hormonal replacement therapy on some biophysical properties of the skin of menopausal women.

Subjects And Methods: A study was carried out on 106 menopausal, phototype I to IV women with clinically healthy skin. During the medical evaluation, the menopausal status, duration of the menopause, and, possible use of hormone replacement therapy and its duration were collected.

Relative contribution of intrinsic vs extrinsic factors to skin aging as determined by a validated skin age score.

Objective: To assess the relative contribution of intrinsic aging vs lifestyle factors to facial skin age.

Design: Prospective analysis of a cohort.

Setting: Skin research institute.