Concordance Analysis of the Pressure Chamber and Tubomanometer According to Estève for the Determination of Eustachian Tube Opening Pressure.

Introduction: For the diagnosis of Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD), clinical procedures such as tympanometry, micro-otoscopy, and maneuvers according to Toynbee and Valsalva only allow an indirect assessment for the moment. With a prevalence of up to 5%, the selection of patients with ETD and its subtypes is clinically relevant. Dynamic methods of Eustachian tube function assessment include a hypo/hyperbaric pressure chamber and Estève's tubomanometer (TMM).

[Increased rate of complications of pediatric acute otitis media and sinusitis in 2022/2023].

Background: Acute mastoiditis and orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis are among the most common complications of pediatric infections in otolaryngology.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of pediatric acute mastoiditis in the setting of acute otitis media as well as pediatric orbital complications in the setting of acute rhinosinusitis. Data from before the pandemic were compared to data after the end of the COVID-19 restrictions.

Intraindividual variability of the Eustachian tube function: a longitudinal study in a pressure chamber.

Introduction: The Eustachian tube (ET) is essential for fast and direct pressure equalisation between middle ear and ambient pressure. It is not yet known to what extent Eustachian tube function in healthy adults changes in a weekly periodicity due to internal and external factors. This question is particularly interesting with regard to scuba divers among whom there is a need to evaluate intraindividual ET function variability.

[Results of a nationwide survey on the treatment of salivary gland diseases in German hospitals].

Background: Salivary gland diseases are an important part of the work of ENT physicians in hospitals. The treatment strategies depend, among other things, on the doctrine at the respective location.

Objective: The aim of this questionnaire-based study was to assess the current diagnostic workup and therapeutic strategies for salivary gland diseases in German otorhinolaryngology departments.

Prospective study on the Eustachian tube function during Frenzel maneuver in a hypobaric/hyperbaric pressure chamber.

Introduction: The Frenzel maneuver describes a technique for middle ear equalizing which is frequently used by apnea divers. It offers advantages compared to the most commonly used techniques such as the Valsalva or Toynbee maneuver. Until now, there is insufficient literature about the pressure dynamics and Eustachian tube (ET) function during the Frenzel maneuver.

Survival after parotid gland metastases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Purpose: Malignant tumours in the parotid gland can originate either from the gland itself or as a result of metastatic spread of other tumours, such as cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC) of the head and neck area. The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the clinical behaviour of primary as well as CSCC metastatic parotid cancers with special emphasis on therapy and oncologic outcome.

Methods: Clinical and histopathological data of 342 patients with parotid gland malignomas surgically treated in a tertiary referral centre between 1987 and 2015 were retrospectively assessed.

Effects of freediving on middle ear and eustachian tube function.

Introduction: During descent in freediving there is exposure to rapidly increasing pressure. Inability to quickly equalise middle ear pressure may cause trauma to the ear. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of pressure-related damage to the middle ear and the Eustachian tube during freediving and to identify possible risk factors.

Subjective and Objective Effectiveness of Eustachian Tube Balloon Dilatation for Patients With Eustachian Tube Dysfunction-Evaluation in a Pressure Chamber.

Introduction: The Eustachian tube plays a crucial role in pressure equalization between the middle ear and ambient pressure for fast and large pressure differences. In patients with chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction, Eustachian tube balloon dilatation is increasingly used as surgical therapy. Subjectively, many patients report an improvement of the symptoms postoperatively.

[Mucoepidermoidcarcinoma - Importance in molecular pathology].

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common primary salivary gland malignancy and its tumor grading has an important prognostic significance. The 5 year overall survival rate is significantly higher for low grade mucoepidermoid carcinomas than for intermediate grade and high grade mucoepidermoid carcinomas. The translocation of t(11;19)(q21;p13) with the resulting CRTC1-MAML2 transfusion appears to be of prognostic relevance in patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Evaluation of the Parameter "Mean Impedance" for Representing Eustachian tube Functions During Pressure Increase and Decrease in Pressure Chamber Measurements.

Hypothesis: The hypothesis of the study is that the mean impedance (MI) during compression and decompression provides additional information of the Eustachian tube (ET) function.

Background: The continuous impedance measurement in a pressure chamber can provide valuable information about the opening function of the ET.

Methods: Around 55 ear-healthy volunteers were examined in a pressure chamber.

Tumor-associated B cells and humoral immune response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

B lymphocytes are important players in immune responses to cancer. However, their composition and function in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not been well described. Here, we analyzed B cell subsets in HNSCC (n = 38), non-cancerous mucosa (n = 14) and peripheral blood from HNSCC patients (n = 38) and healthy controls (n = 20) by flow cytometry.

Analyzing eustachian tube function in patients with symptoms of chronical Eustachian tube dysfunction by pressure chamber measurements.

Purpose: The determination of Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) subtypes in daily routines is based on symptoms of the patient, otoscopy, nasopharyngoscopy, tympanometry, pure tone audiometry, and Valsalva's test, even though this clinical assessment is often not sufficient to clearly diagnose the subtype. In the study, we have evaluated the possibility of the determination of different subtypes of ETD by pressure chamber measurements.

Methods: In a single-person pressure chamber, we exposed 17 patients to pressure increases and decreases.

Assessment of the Importance of Tympanic Membrane Mechanoreceptors on Eustachian Tube Function Based on Pressure Chamber Measurements.

Introduction: Previously, it was demonstrated how the Eustachian tube (ET) opening function can be influenced by middle ear pressure and movement of the tympanic membrane via neural control. Mechanoreceptors on the tympanic membrane may be part of the afferent arc and could influence the middle ear pressure by activating the musculus veli palatini as part of a reflex.

Methods: In a hypo and hyperbaric pressure chamber, 17 participants (34 ears) were twice exposed to a standardized pressure profile of pressure decrease and increase.

Influence of repetitive diving in freshwater on pressure equalization and Eustachian tube function in recreational scuba divers.

Introduction: We investigated the effect of repetitive pressure exposure during freshwater dives on Eustachian tube function and the middle ear, assessed by the Eustachian tube function test (ETFT).

Methods: This prospective observational cohort study included 23 divers over three consecutive days of diving in freshwater lakes in Nordhausen, Germany. Participants underwent otoscopy and ETFT before the first dive, between each dive and after the last dive.

Influence of repetitive diving in saltwater on pressure equalization and Eustachian tube function in recreational scuba divers.

Introduction: We investigated in a prospective, observational trial the feasibility of using the Eustachian tube function test (ETFT) to measure the effect of repetitive pressure exposure during open seawater dives on Eustachian tube function.

Methods: The study included 28 adult divers during six consecutive days of diving in the Red Sea. Participants underwent otoscopy and ETFT before the first dive, between each dive and after the last dive.

Repetitive freshwater diving: risk factors and prevalence of barotrauma.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the influence of repetitive scuba diving in fresh water on the middle ear mucosa. The prevalence of middle ear barotrauma (MEB) and risk factors for MEB were evaluated.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study, Level of evidence 1b.

MDM2 and CDK4 amplifications are rare events in salivary duct carcinomas.

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an aggressive adenocarcinoma of the salivary glands associated with poor clinical outcome. SDCs are known to carry TP53 mutations in about 50%, however, only little is known about alternative pathogenic mechanisms within the p53 regulatory network. Particularly, data on alterations of the oncogenes MDM2 and CDK4 located in the chromosomal region 12q13-15 are limited in SDC, while genomic rearrangements of the adjacent HMGA2 gene locus are well documented in subsets of SDCs.

Prevalence of Barotrauma in Recreational Scuba Divers After Repetitive Saltwater Dives.

Introduction: The aim was to investigate the prevalence of middle ear barotrauma (MEB) and to establish risk factors of MEB after repeated saltwater dives.

Methods: In this prospective observational cohort study 28 divers were examined over 6 consecutive days of diving in the Red Sea, Egypt. Participants underwent an otoscopic examination before the first dive, between each dive and after the last dive.

Is there a difference between active opening of the Eustachian tube in a hypobaric surrounding compared to a hyperbaric surrounding?

Introduction: The Eustachian tube (ET) is the key to pressure equalization between the middle ear and ambient pressure. To date, little is known about differences of the opening mechanisms under hyper- or hypobaric conditions. Aim of this study was to compare standard ET opening parameters during standardized hypo- and hyperbaric exposures.

Targeted next generation sequencing of parotid gland cancer uncovers genetic heterogeneity.

Salivary gland cancer represents a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors. Due to their low incidence and the existence of multiple morphologically defined subtypes, these tumors are still poorly understood with regard to their molecular pathogenesis and therapeutically relevant genetic alterations.Performing a systematic and comprehensive study covering 13 subtypes of salivary gland cancer, next generation sequencing was done on 84 tissue samples of parotid gland cancer using multiplex PCR for enrichment of cancer related gene loci covering hotspots of 46 cancer genes.

Impact of xylomethazoline on eustachian tube function in healthy participants.

Introduction: The use of decongestants is common in otitis media eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism and the type of action on the complex middle ear pressure equalization system are poorly understood. Here, by use of the pressure chamber, we investigated the impact of intranasal decongestive therapy (xylomethazoline) on ET function.

Valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97)-expression correlates with prognosis of HPV- negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97 has been shown to be associated with antiapoptotic function via activation of the nuclear factor-[Formula: see text]B (NF[Formula: see text]B) signaling pathway and with metastasizing of tumors in several studies. VCP is located on chromosome 9p13-p12, a region often deleted in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The clinical significance of VCP expression in OSCC however remains unclear.

Characterizing the active opening of the eustachian tube in a hypobaric/hyperbaric pressure chamber.

Objective: Active and passive opening of the Eustachian tube (ET) enables direct aeration of the middle ear and a pressure balance between middle ear and the ambient pressure. The aim of this study was to characterize standard values for the opening pressure (ETOP), the opening frequency (ETOF), and the opening duration (ETOD) for active tubal openings (Valsalva maneuver, swallowing) in healthy participants.

Design/participants: In a hypobaric/hyperbaric pressure chamber, 30 healthy participants (19 women, 11 men; mean age, 25.

Treatment of chronic recurrent juvenile parotitis using sialendoscopy.

Conclusion: The combination of sialendoscopy and an intraductal application of corticosteroids can be recommended for children with chronic recurrent juvenile parotitis (CRJP) as there is growing evidence for a positive effect in the absence of side effects.

Objective: CRJP is a disorder with painful, episodic swelling of the parotid gland in children. The majority of cases have a self-limiting character within 5-10 years, but the disease may also continue into adulthood.

Prevalence and risk factors for oral human papillomavirus infection in 129 women screened for cervical HPV infection.

Background: Oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) are known to be associated with carcinomas of the uterine cervix. Furthermore, current studies have shown that HPV-infection is also associated with a subtype of oropharyngeal cancers. In general, a sexual transmission of the viruses has been shown by numerous studies in the genital lesions.