Stakeholders' views of the Baby Friendly Initiative implementation and impact: a mixed methods study.

Background: The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) was launched in 1991 as an intervention to support healthy infant feeding practices, but its global coverage remains around 10%. This study aimed to explore stakeholders' views of the Baby Friendly Initiative (BFI) programme, the barriers and facilitators to accreditation and its perceived impact.

Methods: A mixed methods approach was used.

Safety and Outcomes With Combination Therapy With Sarilumab and Baricitinib for Severe COVID-19 Respiratory Infection in Cancer Patients.

Objectives: This study aims to describe the clinical outcomes of combination therapy with sarilumab and baricitinib for severe novel Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) infection in cancer patients. With this study, we aim to evaluate the role of expanded immunotherapy for severely ill patients with COVID-19 respiratory infections with limited options. The secondary objective is to assess the safety of combination therapy with sarilumab and baricitinib for severe COVID-19 infection.

Sublimation-driven convection in Sputnik Planitia on Pluto.

Sputnik Planitia is a nitrogen-ice-filled basin on Pluto. Its polygonal surface patterns have been previously explained as a result of solid-state convection with either an imposed heat flow or a temperature difference within the 10-km-thick ice layer. Neither explanation is satisfactory, because they do not exhibit surface topography with the observed pattern: flat polygons delimited by narrow troughs.

Ciclesonide in wheezy preschool children with a positive asthma predictive index or atopy.

Background: Few large-scale studies have examined inhaled corticosteroid treatment in preschool children with recurrent wheeze. We assessed the effects of ciclesonide in preschool children with recurrent wheeze.

Methods: We included children 2-6 yrs with recurrent wheeze and a positive asthma predictive index or aeroallergen sensitization to, excluding patients with episodic viral wheezing.

Depth-mediated reversal of the effects of climate change on long-term growth rates of exploited marine fish.

The oceanographic consequences of climate change are increasingly well documented, but the biological impacts of this change on marine species much less so, in large part because of few long-term data sets. Using otolith analysis, we reconstructed historical changes in annual growth rates for the juveniles of eight long-lived fish species in the southwest Pacific, from as early as 1861. Six of the eight species show significant changes in growth rates during the last century, with the pattern differing systematically with depth.

Treatment of Candida albicans meningitis with intravenous and intrathecal miconazole. A case report.

Systemic fungal infection in an infant is difficult to diagnose and manage. The treatment is prolonged and is usually with toxic drugs. The use of intravenous and intrathecal miconazole (Daktarin; Janssen) in a small baby of 5 months was most satisfactory.

Cellular immune function in marasmic and underweight infants with prolonged diarrhoea.

Lymphocytes from 10 marasmic and underweight infants with prolonged diarrhoea responded normally to phytohaemagglutinin stimulation. There was no gross deficiency in the total number of lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulins, or serum C3. Defective cellular immunity does not appear to play a major role in the pathogenesis of diarrhoea in these children.

Clubbing and whipworm infestation.

The association of clubbing, growth retardation, pallor, abdominal distension, and prolonged bloody diarrhoea with whipworm (Trichuris trichiura) infestation is described and discussed. Failure to recognise this association leads to misdiagnosis and unnecessary investigation.

Appropriate appliances for the older arthritic patient.

Many of the functional problems in the everyday life of the arthritic patient can be minimized by appliances. Examples of these are listed according to the job they do: altering height, improving leverage, enlarging handles, extending reach, improving safety, simplifying methods. The authors suggest sources of appliances, and mention measures such as structural alterations and patient education.